胡壮麟语言学教程期末考试复习专用笔记(老师画的重点,自己整理的(5)

sheer joy of using it, such as a baby’s babbling or a

chanter’s chanting.

1.5.7 Metalingual function

The metalingual function means people can use language

to talk about itself. E.g. I can use the word “book” to talk

about a book, and I can also use the expression “the word

book” to talk about the sign “b-o-o-k” itself.

1.6 What is linguistics?

Linguistics is the scientific study of language. It studies

not just one language of any one community, but the language

of all human beings.

1.7 Main branches of linguistics

1.7.1 Phonetics

Phonetics is the study of speech sounds, it includes three main

areas: articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics, and

auditory phonetics.

1.7.2 Phonology

Phonology studies the rules governing the structure,

distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape

of syllables.

1.7.3 Morphology

Morphology studies the minimal units of meaning – morphemes

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