胡壮麟语言学教程期末考试复习专用笔记(老师画的重点,自己整理的(2)

1.3.1 Arbitrariness

1.3.2 Duality

1.3.3 Creativity

Creativity means that language is resourceful because of its

duality and its recursiveness. Recursiveness refers to the

rule which can be applied repeatedly without any definite limit.

The recursive nature of language provides a theoretical basis

for the possibility of creating endless sentences.

1.3.4 Displacement

1.4 Origin of language

1. The bow-wow theory

In primitive times people imitated the sounds of the animal

calls in the wild environment they lived and speech developed

from that.

2. The pooh-pooh theory

In the hard life of our primitive ancestors, they utter

instinctive sounds of pains, anger and joy which gradually

developed into language.

3. The “yo-he-ho” theory

As primitive people worked together, they produced some

rhythmic grunts which gradually developed into chants and then

into language.

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