新视角研究生英语读说写(1)课文翻译课后习题答案124810复习(13)

一三四八十期末复习材料

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Japan‘s rise from the devastation of World War II to economic prominence was not without human cost. People cannot work for ten or twelve hours a day six and seven days a week, year after year, without suffering 1)_physically_ as well as mentally. But during the first three postwar decades no one paid any special 2) _attention_ to the larger than usual number of men in their 40s and 50s who died of brain and heart ailments. It was not 3) _until_ the latter part of the 1980s, when several high-ranking business executives who were still in their 4) _prime_ years suddenly died without any previous sign of 5)_illness_ , that the news media began picking up on what appeared to be a new phenomenon.

This new phenomenon was quickly 6)_labeled_ karoshi, or ―death from overwork‖, and once it had a name and its symptoms were broadcast far and wide, it just as quickly became

obvious that Japan was 7)_experiencing_ a virtual epidemic. It is 8)_estimated_ in 1990 that over 10,000 people were dying each year from overwork.

A recognized authority on karoshi says that most of the victims of death from 9)_overwork_ had been putting in more than one hundred hours of 10)_overtime_ each. He said the 11)_victims_ did not receive any overtime pay for their 12)_extra_ work, but were members of the élite managerial class who 13)_worked_ themselves to death ―out of a samurai-like pride‖.

Because of 14)_peer_ pressure to keep up with 15)_co-workers_, out-do competing groups and 16)_increase_ market-share at the expense of competitors, hundreds of thousand of Japanese managers are 17)_caught_ up in a vortex（漩涡）of psychological pressure that forces them to work

18)_at_ a frenzied pace.

After years of such 19)_intense_ over-work, most managers find that they cannot 20)_rest_ even when they do take time off. They are so wound up that not working leaves them disoriented and suffering from serious stress.

Unit 10

1. To most women, diamond is an irresistible _temptation_.

2. Don‘t worry. Even if the road is cut off by snow, we have _sufficient_ food to last a week.

3. Much should be taken into consideration when one _budgets_ for a research project.

4. People doubt whether prison is the best _sanction_ against a crime like this throughout the country.

5. I don‘t think he is qualified for the position. He _panics_ easily and is therefore useless in an emergency.

6. With a 30-year effort, the company has built a reputation of _innovative_ designs, and quality manufacturing.

7. A _suspected_ kidnapper was caught after a rush-hour police chase along a London Underground tunnel yesterday.

8. Intellectual property rights represent _exclusive_ rights for intellectual wealth created in the field of science, technology, literature and arts.

9. Since there is no better way to evaluate one‘s intelligence, we have to place our _reliance_ on IQ

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