英语
答案为C项。only位于句首修饰状语时，后面的句子要用部分倒装语序，故C项正确。 (2012辽宁高考，32)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ______ having a holiday abroad.
A．he had considered B．had he considered
C．he considered D．did he consider
答案为D项。句意：直到他三年前从教学岗位上退休，他才考虑去国外度假。否定意义的副词置于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装语序，且根据retired判断应用一般过去时，故D项正确。
(2012陕西高考，18)Hot ______ the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
A．although B．as
C．while D．however
答案为B项。句意：尽管晚上天气很热，我们还是睡得很沉，因为经过长时间的旅行之后我们太累了。as 引导让步状语从句时需用倒装，其形式是将作表语的形容词或名词置于句首。
考点二：省略句
1．不定式的省略。某些动词后面可省略作宾语的不定式而只保留to。但to后有系动词be或助动词have时，be和have也应保留。如：
He did not give me the chance，though he had promised to (give me the chance)． —Are you an engineer?
—No，but I want to be (an engineer)．
—He hasn't finished the task yet.
—Well，he ought to have (finished the task)．
2．在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致时，从句主语可以省略，同时将从句的谓语动词变为分词形式。如果主语与从句谓语是主动关系，用现在分词；如果是被动关系，用过去分词。如：
While waiting/he was waiting there，he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.
If not/he is not invited，he won't go to your birthday party.
3．在时间、地点、条件、让步等状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，其后动词是be时，可省去“主语＋be” 部分。如：
When (he was) still a boy of ten，he had to work day and night.
If (it is) necessary，I'll explain to you again.
4．表示“除了”的介词but前若有实义动词do/does/did/done，后面的动词不定式不带to。如：
I could do nothing but wait there.
介词but前若没有动词do及其变化形式，后面的不定式带to。如：
We had no choice but to obey the rules.
【典例分析】 (2012课标全国高考，32)Film has a much shorter history，especially when ______ such art forms as music and painting.
A．having compared to B．comparing to
C．compare to D．compared to
答案为D项。compare...to...意为“把 和 进行比较”，在该题when后面为非谓语形式，由于句子主语film和compare为被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式，此处是when it (film) is compared to such art forms as music and painting的省略。
考点三：强调句型
1．构成形式：it is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who/whom...
2．强调句型常用来强调句子的主语、宾语或状语。该句型的主语总是无意义的it，不可换用this或that。无论强调什么，引导词都可用that，强调人时，引导词可用who/whom，不可使用其他引导词。如：
It was Li Ping that/whom I met in the park yesterday.
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