全国2014年10月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题

绝密 ★ 考试结束前

全国2014年10月高等教育自学考试

英语国家概况试题

课程代码：00522

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分

注意事项：

1． 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2． 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 I．MULTIPLE CHOICE

Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question, Blacken the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points,1 point for each)

1. declared that he , and not the Pope, was the Supreme Head of the Church of England

in 1535.

A. James I B.Charles I C.James II D.Henry VIII

2. Which of the following is not a comedy written by Shakespeare?

A. Hamlet B. As you like it.

C. Merchant of venice

D. Mid-Summer night’s Dream.

3. In the 17th century England, founded the commonwealth to replace the monarchy.

A . Guy Fawkes B. Philip Augustus C.Oliver Cromwell D.Sir Francis Drake

4. Is generally regarded as the beginning of the modern world history.

A. The English Civil War B. The English Renaissance C. The Hundred Years’ War D. Elizabeth’s religious reform

5. The Industrial Revolution started in Britain in the late _____century. A.16th B.17th C.18th D.19th

6. Renaissance, the traditional period between the Middle Ages and modern

times ,was . A. the restoration of the Church of England

B. the restoration of Parliament and Privy Council

C. the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history.

D. the revival of contemporary literature and artistic styles in European history. 7. The wars of the Roses were a death blow to A. serfdom B. capitalism C. feudalism

D. the Church of England

8. The First Civil war (1642-1646) in Britain was fought between

A. the King and the parliament B. the nobles and the middle class C. the Presbyterians and Catholics

D. the yeoman farmers and the artisans

9. modified and improved the design of steam engine in 1765.

A. James watt B. Abraham Darby C. Richard Arkwright D. Henry Court

10. The British Parliament consists of the following EXCEPT

A. the sovereign B. the House of Lords C. the House of Commons

D. the House of Representatives

11. The purpose of the crusades from the 11th to 13th centuries was to gain possession of the

Christian holy city of from the Islamic Empire of the Turks. A. Rome B. Vatican C.Mecca D. Jerusalem

12. One of the most far-reaching consequences of the Second World War was that it the end

of Britain’s empire.

A. prevented B.blocked C. slowed down D.hastened

13. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Puritans?

A. They wanted to purify the Church of England .

B. They were not wealthy and well-educated gentlemen. C. They saw the New World as a refugee provided by God.

D. They were not satisfied with the political corruption of England.

14. Out of the war settlement for the First World War came the establishment of the ,which

also created tensions giving rise to the Second World War 20 years later. A. confederate union B.federal union C.League of Nations D.United Nations.

15. Which statement about Britain and the Second World War is NOT correct?

A. Winston Churchill led his country to final victory in 1945.

B. Britain suffered far more military causalities in the Second World War than in the First.

C. The German Blitz radically changed the face of London for the first time since the Great Fire

nearly 3 centuries earlier.

D. As a result of the war Britain lost one-quarter of her national wealth and entered upon a

period of economic difficulties.

16. During the ,literature is primarily artistic, rather than philosophical and scholarly.

A. Chartist Movement B.Reformation C.English Renaissance D.Elizabeth’s reign

17. A General Election in Britain must be held every years and is often held at more frequent

intervals.

A. two B.three C.four D.five 18. The British Prime Minister lives at A. Buckingham Palace B.No.10 Downing Street C.Whitehall D.Windsor

19. Which of the following is a daily newspaper in the U.K?

A. The Sun B.The People C.News of the World D.Sunday Mirror

20. The Archbishop of is one of the spiritual leaders of the Church of England.

A. Canterbury B. Wales C.Birmingham D. London

21. At the turn of the 20th century and exposed dark sides of the seemingly prosperous American

society.

A. Muckrakers B. New Radicals C. Yellow Journalists D. Free Riders

22. In , some British Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called mayflower to escape religious persecution.

A.1520 B.1620 C.1720 D.1820

23. The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution are also called .

A. the Federalists Papers B.the Great Compromise

C.the Bill of Rights D.the Articles of Confederation

24. The policy of containment of Communism led the U.S. into the war in which turned out

to be the longest war it fought.

A. Korea B. Congo C. Greece D. Vietnam

25. American Congress has many functions, but the most central is . A. the representation of the people B.the passage of laws

C.the discussion of amendments D.the settlement of differences.

26. After the conclusion of the First World War, President put forward a program of

Fourteen Points, which was praised by many as liberal and progressive. A. Hoover B. Roosevelt C. Wilson D. Johnson 27. The Second Continental Congress in 1775 was held in . A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. Washington D. New York

28. Which of the following is run by the government at the federal, state or local levels?

A. Coal industry B. Steel industry C. Motor industry D. Postal service

29. The open declaration of the U.S containment policy toward the Soviet Union was made by . A. George Kennan B. Harry Truman C. Franklin Roosevelt D. Teddy Roosevelt

30. The cornerstones of the post-war economic boom(1945-1960s)in the U.S. were the industries of

automobile ,housing and .

A. Defense B. mining C. food processing D. service

31. Contradiction between American Congress and the Executive sharpened during the Vietnam

War, which resulted finally in the passing of the .

A. Marshall Plan B. War Power Act C. Truman Doctrine D. Taiwan Relations Act

32. The leaders of the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain held summit meetings

during World War II.

A. two B. three C. four D. five

33. according to the textbook ,which statement about the current situation of black Americans is

NOT correct?

A. The black people enjoy more rights than ever before.

B. The employment situation is very unfavorable to the blacks.

C. Inequality and subtle discrimination against the blacks still exists.

D. The poverty rate of the blacks is the lowest among all racial and ethnic groups. 34. The immediate cause of America’s entry into World War II was . A. the Japanese invasion of China.

B. the Japanese air attack on Pearl Harbor. C. the German invasion of the Soviet Union

D. the German submarine attack on American ships.

35. The U.S. President cannot veto a law if Congress passes the law again by a vote.

A. two-thirds B. three-fifths C. one third D. one fifths

36. According to the textbook, the U.S. has a .

A. state-run economy with a dominant public sector B. state-run economy with a dominant private sector C. free-market economy with a dominant public sector D. free-market economy with a dominant private sector

37. Higher education in the United States started with the founding of .

A. Yale University B. Harvard College C. Stanford University

D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

38. Which of the following is the largest group of racial and ethnic minorities in the United States?

A. The Indians. B. The blacks. C. The Hispanics D. The Asians.

39. Was regarded as the leader of the Transcendentalist Movement in America.

A.Mark Twain B.Walt Whitman

C.Ralph Waldo Emerson D.Nathaniel Hawthorn

40. According to the textbook, for the last 20 years Arizona,Nevada and have been the fastest

growing states in population.

A.Florida B.Alaska

C.Montana D.New Mexico

41. Among the four Australian cities with a population of more than one million,which one is

located on the western coast?

A.Perth B.Brisbane. C.Adelaide D.Melbourne.

42. Which of the following is NOT a reason for australia’s dry and hot climate?

A. australia has few mountains.

B. The equator runs through Australia.

C. Distance from the ocean affects the weather.

D. The air masses that affect Australia are mostly dry, sunny and high pressure cells.

43. Although australians are the descendents of many nations ,most australians are of

descent.

A.British B.Asian C.Scandinacian D.Indian

44. With a history of more than 40000 years ,the dominant aspect of Australian Aboriginal culture

was .

A. their tribal gatherings.

B. their belief in the Dreamtime

C. the balance between man and nature

D. a friendly relationship among different tribes

45. The short growing season and thin, rocky soil of the Atlantic provinces in Canada have made

difficult.

A.mining B.fishing C.farming D.lumbering

46. The province of lies on the Pacific coast of Canada ,which is a land of rugged mountain

ranges and fertile river valleys.

A.Nova Scotia B.Newfoundland C.British Columbia D.New Brunswick

47. According to the textbook, is the most highly developed region of Canada.

A. Prairie provinces B. Atlantic provinces C. The Canadian Shield

D. St.Lawrence-Great Lakes procinces

48. The rainfall in Ireland is that in Britain.

A.less than B.similar to C.much less than D.more than

49. Ireland declared itself a republic in .

A.1932 B.1937 C.1948 D.1949

50. In New Zealand, the central plateau of North Island is dominated by three .

A.large plains B.large grasslands C.geothermal rivers D.volcanic mountains

非选择题部分

注意事项：

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

Ⅱ SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. (30 points.3points each)

51. What are the main functions of the British Parliament?

52. What kind of people do British popular newspapers appeal to? 53. What are the British official public holidays also called?

54. What were the American wartime objective after the Pearl Harbor bombing? 55. What do Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots describe?

56. Who were called the Anti-federalists in the U.S. history?

57. What is the most important factor that has influenced the population distribution in Australia? 58. Where did the name “Canada “come from?

59. Who was the first king to bring all Ireland under English control? 60. What are the two main islands that make up New Zealand?

III.TERM EXPLANATION

Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words. (20 points,5 points each) 61. The Economist 62. The Beatles

63. Watergate Scandal 64. Tehran Summit(1943)

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