现代大学英语精读4 基础英语paraphrase(2)

2. But if the staunchest Roman Catholic and the staunchest Presbyterian had been

exchanged when infants,and if they had been brought up with home and all other influences reversed, we can had very little doubt what the result would have been.(3)

If they were exchanged when they were infants and brought up different homes and under different influences, then the staunchest Roman Catholic would be the staunchest Presbyterian, vice versa. This shows that our beliefs are largely influenced by surroundings. 不过，如果在婴儿时期把最虔诚的罗马天主教徒和长老会教义信徒予以交换，然后使他们在相反的家庭与影响下长大，所能得出的结果是毋庸置疑的。

3. It is consistent with all our knowledge of psychology to conclude that each would

have grown up holding exactly the opposite beliefs to those he holds now...(3) 我们可以根据所掌握的心理学知识得出结论，两人长大后会持有与现在恰好相反的观点??

4. Of course we do not cease, when we cease to be children, to adopt new reliefs on

mere suggestion.(4)

Of course it does not mean that when we grow up we no longer have these mistaken beliefs. We are still easy and often willing victims of newspapers and advertising. 当然，我们长大后也不会停止仅仅根据建议接受新观点。

5. We should remember that the whole history of the development of human thought

has been full of cases of such “obvious truths” breaking down when examined in the light of increasing knowledge and reason.(8)

我们应该记住，在人类思想发展的整个历史过程中充满了这种“明显的真理”现象，经过人类不断增长的知识与理性的检验，这些“真理”不攻自破。

6. The age-long struggle of the greatest intellects in the world to shake off that

assumption is one of the marvels of history.(9)

世界上最伟大的学者们经过长期斗争否定了这一假设，这也是人类历史上的一大奇迹。 7. Many modern persons find it very difficult to credit the fact that men can even have

supposed otherwise.(10)

许多现代人发现很难相信人们曾有过另一种假设。

8. We adopt and cling to some beliefs because—or partly because—it “pays” us to do

so. But, as a rule, the person concerned is about the last person in the world to be able to recognize this in himself.(14)

Peoples who hold those beliefs through self-interest usually will not admit this. They usually try to cloak themselves with beautiful altruistic words.

我们之所以接受并且坚持某些观点的原因是——或者部分原因是——这样做对我们“有好处”。

9. There is many a man who is unconsciously compelled to cling to a belief because he

is a “somebody” in some circle—and if he were to abandon that belief, he would find himself nobody at all.(15)

Many people are forced to hold a belief because he has become an important person in his group. If he gave up that belief, he would turn insignificant at once.

许多人无意识地被迫坚持某种观点，因为他是某个圈子里的“重要人物”——如果他放弃这一观点，就会成为无足轻重的小人物。

10. Somewhat similar is the acceptance of an opinion through the desire—probably not

recognized by the person concerned—to justify his own nature, his own position, or his own behaviour.(17)

另一种类似的情况是有些人出于证明自己的性格、立场或行为的愿望而接受某一种观点，也许当事人不承认这一点。

Unit 4 Text Ⅰ Lions and Tigers and Bears

Paraphrases of the Text

1. Of course, anybody who knows anything about New York knows the city’s essential

platitude --- that you don’t wander around Central Park at night --- and in that, needless to say, was the appeal; it was the thing you don’t do.(1)

Everybody who knows New York knows the widely discussed topic there, that is, you should not wander in Central Park at night because it’s dangerous. However, precisely because of the risk, there are always people attracted to do so. They just wish to do what people normally don’t do.

当然，了解纽约的人都知道关于这座城市老生常谈的话题——夜里不能在中央公园闲逛——而这，不用说，正是吸引力所在：它是你平常不会做得事情。

2. So far , so normal, and this could have been an outdoor summer-stock Shakespeare

production anywhere in America, except in one respect...(3)

And tonight’s performance could be any outdoor performance of Shakespeare’s play one regularly finds in summer in America. There was only one difference.

到目前为止，一切还算正常，这和美国任何地方在室外上演的莎士比亚夏令剧目没什么不同，除了一点：

3. ...the rotating red light was like a campfire in the wild, warning what’s out there to

stay away.(3)

旋转着的红色警灯就像野外的篝火，警告四周存在的威胁不要靠近。 4. I got my bearings.(6) I found where i was. 我终于认清了方向。

5. The park was to be strolled through, enjoyed as an aesthetic experience, like a walk

inside a painting.(7)

人们漫步于公园，享受美的体验，犹如走进一幅油画中一样。

6. I was emboldened by the realization: I was no longer afraid; I was frightening.(9) 意识到这点，我的胆子就大了起来：我不再害怕了，令人害怕的是我。

7. The park is now framed, enveloped even, by the city, but there was no escaping the

recognition that the city—contrived, man-made, glaring obtrusive, consuming wasteful and staggering quantities of electricity and water and energy--- was very beautiful.(12)

But there was no denying the fact (you have to admit) that the city was very beautiful, although it was not a natural kind of beauty, it was artificial and showy, and it used up a great amount of water and energy.

公园现在被镶嵌在城市中，甚至被城市包裹，但不可否认的是这座城市——这座经过雕琢的、人工打造的、灯火辉煌

8. And then, nature finding herself unable to resist, it started to pour.(24)

Unit 9 Text Ⅰ The Damned Human Race

Paraphrases of the Text

1. That is to say, I have subjected every postulate that presented itself to the crucial test of actual experiment, and have adopted it or rejected it according to the result. (para.2)

In other words, I have put every theory or hypothesis there is to the decisive test of actual experiment.

也就是说，通过实验，我对每一种假设都进行了检测，并根据实验结果采纳或者否定了这一假设。

2. I was aware that … have not scrupled to cheat the ignorant and the helpless out of their poor servings in order to partially appease that appetite. (para.4)

I knew that many man who have more money than they can ever use have shown a mad desire to get more, and they have not ed to cheat poor people and their few saving in order to y that desire.

我意识到，许多人虽然聚敛了不计其数的财富，然而他们仍然渴望更多，并且从无知又无助的人身上肆无忌惮地夺取微薄的财富，以便来平息心中的愿望。

3. Men keep harems but it is by brute force, privileged by atrocious laws which the other sex were allowed no hand in making. (para.6)

人妻妾成群，只是依靠暴力，由暴力的法律来授予特权。然而女性是无权参与制定这些法律的。

4. He will not even enter a drawing room with his breast and back naked, so alive are he and his mates to indecent suggestion. (para.8)

他甚至不会裸露着乳房和屁股走进卧室，但他和同伴对下流的暗示又十分敏感。 5. No--- Man is the Animal that Blushes. He is the only one that does it --- or has occasion to. (para.8)

No, man is not the only animal that laughs, but it is true that man is the animal that blushes. He is the only animal that does it or has the need to.

不——人是会脸红的动物。是唯一会脸红的动物——或者说有必要脸红。

6. Man---when he is King John, with a nephew to render untroublesome, he uses a red-hot iron; (para.9)

In the case of King John who wanted to get rid of his nephew he used a red-hot iron to torture him.

当他作为约翰国王的时候，为了除掉侄子，他会用烧红的烙铁来折磨他；

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