秦荻辉 - 科技英语习题以及答案(3)

substances.

16. In the chapter on the j-operator（算子）, we shall be using imajinary numbers（虚数）. 17. We do not know explicitly what forces were acting during the explosion. 18. With the exception of the operational amplifiers（运算放大器）, we have been dealing with two-terminal circuit elements.

19. In doing so, we are combining quantities which are alike.

20. When the point under consideration reaches q, the angular velocity will have increased to a larger value w.

21. The input may change before the output has settled to its proper value. 22. In this section we shall introduce some basic terminology.

23. Microelectronics is creating a so-called “electronic revolution.”

24. Having studued this chapter, students will have learned the principles of radio receivers. 25. Assume that TTL gates（门电路）are being used. II、将下列句子译成英语：

1、近几年来他们一直在开发一种新产品。

2、我们已在第一章简要地讨论过这个问题了。

3、那架飞机正在装配（assemble）中。

4、这位教授当院士（academician）已有十年多了。

5、到今年年底，这些工程师在该研究所已工作20年了。

6、世界总是在变化着。

7、到目前为止，我们只关心（be concerned with）质点（particle）的运动（motion）。 8、这是他们第一次开发这种新的计算机。

9、几年前NASA说他们将建立一座太空工厂。

10、那位主任医师（chief physician）告诉我们，他的研究小组已发现了一种新的病毒（virus）。 III、改正下列句中的错误，并将句子译成汉语： 1. This concept has been described in the previous section.

2. Those researchers made many experiments on the properties of this new material these years.

3. By the end of last year, quite a few big ocean-going ships were built in Shanghai. 4. The year 2004 has seen a great advance in information technology in China.

5. Having studied this book, the reader will learn the fundamentals of digital computers. 6. The engineer told us that he developed a new kind of software.

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练习 9

I、将下列句子译成汉语，注意句中被动语态的各种情况：

1. By the beginning of last century a substantial body of evidence had been accumulated in support of the idea that the chemical elements consist of atoms.

2. In 1858, Darwin（达尔文）was sent a scientific paper by a man called Alfred Wallace. 3. In actuality, the reader will be spared a lot of grief if he or she never attempts a short circuit（短路）directly across a voltage source（电压源）in a laboratory or field（野外）situation either. 4. Until recently, scientists were quite convinced that there wasn?t a fifth force.

5. The protective resistance should be made use of in the usual way.

6. In this case the work done is accounted for by an increase in potential energy（位能）. 7. Actually, this result could have been arrived at intuitively（直观地）.

8. The energy that is stored in the inductor（电感器）and capacitor（电容器）eventually gets

dissipated by the resistor.

9. The air throughout a room becomes heated by convection currents（对流的气流）. 10. The first group of semiconductor circuits developed to perform the basic digital functions（功能）became known as Resistor-Transistor Logic（电阻-晶体管逻辑电路）.

11. Any process that subsequently sends a message to this mailbox must be notified that the mailbox no longer exists.

12. Theoretical analysis and design of servo systems（伺服系统）will not be directly dealt with. 13. These regulations（规章制度）must be adhered to in the performance and use of radio equipment in the United States.

14. For this purpose, use is made of the difference between these two values.

15. Square wave（方波）testing first became widely used in the testing of video amplifiers（视频放大器）.

16. Overload（过载）must be guarded against.

17. Some C++ novices（新手）get irritated by the ambiguity reported by the compiler（编译程序）.

18. At this point, a transport entity（传递机构）is informed that its network connection has been abruptly terminated.

II、将下列句子译成英语：

1、应该充分利用现有的计算机。（要求使用短语动词“make use of”） 2、给每一点赋予（assign）一个数。 3、现在我们被告知I 正比于 V。

4、第五章将讨论非线性方程（nonlinear euation）。（要求使用被动句） 5、这块石头正受到三个力的作用（act on）。 6、读者可能不相信这是真的。（要求使用动词“convince”） III、改正下列句中的错误，并将句子译成汉语： 1. This device is mainly consisted of five parts.

2. We must make use of our spare time in a good way.

3. All the existed physics textbooks have mentioned this concept. 4. Use was not made of this given quantity in solving the problem. 5. This point must be paid attention.

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练习 10

I、将下列句子译成汉语：

1. Blue light has a shorter wavelength than red light does.

2. This meter（仪表）weighs slightly more than 13 kilograms. 3. A set of rules enables us to calculate slopes（斜率）far more easily. 4. Brass expands considerably more than zinc when heated.

5. There are a great many more compounds（化合物）than elements.

6. This circuit requires many more components（元件）than the circuit shown on page 3. 7. The applications of computers are ever wider.

8. These organizations are becoming more influential as more people recognize the value of standards.

9. The darker the color, the less light is reflected and the more light is absorbed.

10. The greater the quantity of impurities（杂质）added, the higher will the conductivity（导电率）of the semiconductor be.

11. The closer the upper pulleys（滑轮）are in size and the larger they are, the greater will be the mechanical advantahge（机械效益）of the chain hoist（链式起重机）.

12. Whatever the cause of the heat may be, we do know that the earth gets hotter the farther down we dig.

13. The error in this approximation will be smaller the shorter the distance between the two ordinates（纵坐标）AB and CD.

14. These inherent limitations on maximum power are more severe the shorter the wavelength. 15. This wide disparity（差异）between input and output resistance makes the grounded base circuit（共基极电路）less popular than the common-emitter amplifier（共发射极放大器）. 16. The most commonly used of these prefixes（前缀）are kilo, centi, and milli.

17. “Information”may be as much a part of the physical universe as matter and energy.

18. Any molecule has as much chance of losing energy in a collision with a nearby molecule as it has of gaining energy.

19. Measuring anything means comparing it with some standard to see how many times as big it is.

20. We may see computers with as few as 1 or 2 bytes per memory unit.

21. Steam turbines（蒸汽涡轮机）have been built with efficiency of as much as 40%. 22. There seem to be as many ways to do the job as there are designers.

23. The value of an inductor（电感器）depends more on the conditions of measurement than does that of the other types of component（元件）.

24. In that case it is unnecessary to use as many crystals（晶体）as there are frequencies used. 25. Some shorter radio waves have wavelength nearest the wavelength of light. 26. The extraction（获取）of meaningful from an arbitrary signal（任意信号）is more of an art than a science in many cases. II、将下列句子译成英语：

1、电感（inductance）测量是这三类阻抗参数（impedance parameter）中最不精确的。 2、人们知道C语言越好，似乎越难避免用C风格（C style）来写C++语言。 3、在设计很好的（well-designed）仪器中，R4 可能高达109欧姆。

4、随着VR的增加，耗尽区（depletion region）的有效长度L变得越来越大。

5、在这种情况下，开关电阻（switch resistance）不重要得多。

6、这方法（process）需要的门电路（gate）比图3-4所示的电路（circuit）多得多。 7、这时，就容易检测到（detect）小达入射信号（incident signal）的1/104的反射（reflection）。 8、鲸鱼（whale）的身体（body）是其大脑的100倍重，而（while）大象（elephant）的身体大约是500倍那么重。

9、有多少位维修人员（service man）也许就有多少种不同的技术（technique）。 10、在所有的卤素（halogen）中，氟（fluorine）是最难配置（prepare）的。 III、改正下列句中的错误，并将句子译成汉语：

1. This project（项目）is much valuable than that one is. 2. This mass（质量）is as about five times large as that one.

3. In all the computers in the laboratory, this one works best.

4. This heater (加热器) consumes electric power twice as great as that one does. 5. The more the resistance（电阻）, greater power it dissipates. 6. The railway is as longer as that one is.

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11

I、说明划线部分的语法功能，然后将句子译成汉语：

1. It is normal practice to let y represent the dependent variable（因变量）.

2. We are so accustomed to the blue color of clear sky that it seldom occurs to us to wonder why this should be so. 3. Although it would be considered “hard work” to hold a heavy weight stationary at arm?s length, no work would be done in the technical sense, since there is no motion. 4. This helped make the equations of science a sort of universal language easily understood by scientists everywhere. 5. The most important factors are to be able to recognize the proper forms, to be able to see what effect any change may have before we actually perform it, and then perform it correctly. 6. What we are trying to do is obtain a solution of a nonlinear differential equation（非线性微分方程）.

7. Several points are to be noted in connection with this circuit（电路）.

8. The Memory Unit（存储单元）is used to store the program to be executed. 9. We shall use such a field（场）on which to base our discussion of magnetic properties. 10. In order to find a value for the potential energy（位能）, we must select a zero from which to measure it.

11. Chapter 1 offers a preview of things to come.

12. This can be done by dividing the 139 by 100, to give 1.39. 13. The use of trigonometry（三角学）to describe the electrical signal has proved very valuable for engineers.

14. To factor（因式分解）expressions（表达式）easily, we must be familiar with algebraic multiplication.

15. We should inspect the resulting factors（因子）to see if further factoring can be done. 16. The hydrogen ions pick up electrons from the negative electrode（电极）to become atoms. 17. At very high frequencies, the sky waves penetrate ionosphere（电离层）, never to return back. 18. So as to develop a broad and basic comprehension, all the methods of analysis and development（推导）common to literature of the field are employed.

19. This disease may be serious enough to cause the death of newborn infants. 20. Too often, the designer finds he had done a splendid job in meeting the specifications for size, weight, and electrical performance（电气性能）, only to find that the equipment cannot be easily manufactured. 21. Let it be required to compute the volume cut off from the paraboloid（抛物体）.

22. The arrangement of protons（质子）, neutrons（中子）, and electrons in these atoms is left

for the reader to deduce（推断）.

23. High frequency is not easy to dispose of. 24. The modifications for improvement or variations to give better insight will tumble head over heels to suggest. 25. It is possible for some of the atoms to be deficient in an electron.

26. The farther away the target is, the longer it takes for the echo（回波）to return. 27. We have seen bodies become charged by friction and by contact. It remains for us to explain charging by induction（感应起电）.

28. The author wishes to thank these Research Laboratories for making it possible for this book to be published. 29. The job for a computer to do is to count or measure.

30. This is the natural way for any transfer（传递）of heat energy to take place. 31. The time for the body to return to its initial position is found from Equation (1 – 6). 32. A thicket（灌木丛）makes good cover for animals to hide in. 33. In Fig. 16, the 8-Ω resistance（电阻）and the voltmeter（电压表）provide two branches（支路）for the main current（总电流）to flow through.

34. No physical axis for the body to rotate about needs to be provided. 35. Since sound waves are carried by motion of matter（物质）, there must be matter around for the waves to travel through. 36. For this to be equal to the original function A + B = 3 and A – B = 2.

37. For a computer to understand an instruction, it must be represented in binary. 38. The ammeter（电流表）must therefore have a very low resistance in order for its effect on the circuit to be negligible.

39. The reasons are too mathematical for us to go into here. 40. The distances involved have been small enough for us to consider the pull of gravity to be constant.

41. No table here is long enough for us to do experiments on. 42. A 300-lb safe（保险柜）on frictionless casters（自位轮）is to be raised 4 ft off the ground to the bed of a truck. Planks（木板）12 ft long are available for the safe to roll along. 43. A few factors affect the ability of a capacitor（电容器）to store charge（电荷）. 44. Elasticity may be defined as the tendency of a body to return to its original state after being deformed（形变）.

45. The deviations from the expected periodicity（周期性）in Mendeleev?s list were due to the failure of contemporary chemistry to have discovered some of the elements existing in nature. 46. The capacity of air to absorb water vapor increases as its temperature rises. 47. We can get some light on what to expect by taking ΔS as a small asuare. 48. There is found to be a radial electromagnetic field near the earth?s surface. II、将下列句子译成英语，要求对划线部分用动词不定式（短语）表示： 1、（人们）发现所有物质（matter）都是由原子或分子构成的。 2、使任何东西形变（deform）需要力。

3、做功就是使一物体运动（move）一段距离。 4、在计算其数值时，要采取以下步骤。

5、在这实验室里有许多器件（device）供学生选用。

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