新编大学英语4课文翻译（包括课后文章翻译）和答案

Reading comprehension 1略

2 BDCAC AADBB

Vocabulary

1. 1) A. entertaining B. entertainment C. entertained D. entertainer

2) A. recognizable B. recognized C. recognition 3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt 4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C. reasonable D. reason 5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analyst D. analysis 6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values D. values 7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorous D. humorless 8) A. understandable B. understanding C. understand D. misunderstood

2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority

4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction

10) a sense of urgency

3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments

4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light

6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him

8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance

4. 1）certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble Unit 2

便笺的力量

Reading comprehension 1略

2 FFTFTFTFTTFTFT Vocabulary

1. Creating Compound Words

STEP ONE:

Column A Column B The compound words created through day throughout up man upbeat, uplift draw eared drawback teen ready teenage

hand conscious handout, handwritten birth back birthday, birthstone chair distance chairman rag beat rag-eared ever lift ever-ready

over age overdue, overage long due long-distance, long-eared self stone self-conscious mile out mileage, milestone

type wishing typewriter, typewritten

well writer/written well-wishing, well-written

STEP TWO:

1) long-distance 2) upbeat 3) ever-ready 4) overdue 5) typewriter

6) milestone 7) handwritten 8) uplifted 9) self-conscious 10) rag-eared

11) birthday 12) throughout 13) drawbacks 14) chairman 15) teenage

2. 1) A. intrigued v. interest

B. intrigue n. the act or practice of secretly planning to harm someone or make them lose their position of power

2) A. straining v. try very hard to do something using all your physical or mental strength

B. strain n. a force that stretches, pulls or puts pressure on something 3) A. savor n. taste; flavor

B. savored v. enjoy the taste or flavor of; enjoy as much as you can

4) A. treasure v. treat something as being very special, important, or valuable B. treasure n. a store of gold, silver, jewels, etc.

5) A. credited v. consider … as having achieved something or being the reason for it

B. credit n. trust; faith

6) A. boost n. an encouraging act of cheering somebody up

B. boost v. make someone feel more confident and less worried 7) A. note n. a short, usually informal, letter

B. noted v. notice or pay careful attention to something

8) A. signed v. write your signature on a letter or document to show that you wrote it, agreed with it

B. sign n. gesture used to express one’s meaning, idea, etc. 9) A. totaled v. come to a certain amount B. total n. the whole amount

10) A. stuffed v. fill something with a substance B. stuff n. substance or material

11) A. count n. the number that is reached when something is being counted B. count v. be important

12) A. last v. manage to remain in the same situation B. last n. the remaining part of something

13) A. complimented v. express praise or admiration of somebody

B. compliment n. an expression of praise, admiration, approval, etc. 14) A. flood n. a large number or amount B. flooding v. arrive in large numbers

15) A. contact n. communication with a person, organization, country, etc. B. contact v. reach (someone) by message, telephone, etc.

3. 1) thrives 2) strategy 3) annual 4) deserve 5) spontaneous 6) sincere 7) investments 8) enterprise 9) follow up 10) characterized

11) lingered 12) acknowledged

4. column: 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) C

tough: 1) D 2) B 3) E 4) F 5) C 6) A 5.

1) A. complementary B. complimentary C. complimentary complimentary: 1) expressing admiration, praise, etc. 2) given free of charge

complementary: making something complete or perfect; supplying what is lacking or needed for completion

2) A. stationery B. stationary C. stationary stationary: not moving, or not changing

stationery: writing materials (e.g. paper, envelopes, etc.) 3) A. typist B. typewriter C. typist

typewriter: a machine with a keyboard that you use for typing words directly onto a sheet of paper

typist: a person who types, especially one employed to do so 4) A. vulgar B. vague C. vague

vague: 1) not clearly expressed, known, described or decided 2) not clear in shape; not clearly seen

vulgar: not having or showing good taste or good manners; not educated 5) A. pad B. pat C. pad

pad: 1) several sheets of paper fastened together, used for writing, drawing, etc. 2) a piece of soft thick cloth or rubber which is used to protect a part of the body, give shape to something or clean something 6) A. own B. owed C. owes D. owned

owe: 1) have to pay, for something already done or given 2) feel grateful

own: 1) a. belonging to oneself and to no one else 2) v. possess (something), especially by lawful right 6.

1) searched 2) clever 3) solution 4) wasted 5) tolerate 6) hidden 7) dumb 8) subject 9) noise 10) extra 11) purchased 12) replaced 13) appreciation 14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strange

Unit 3

从文化角度看性别角色

1 Understanding the Organization of the Text (1) Introduction (para 1)

It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior, emotions, and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredity

and culture.

(2) There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4) Supporting evidence

A. Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2) i) Its consequence: This has a tremendous impact on the learning process. ii) The reason for this: Active classroom participants develop more positive attitudes

and go on to higher achievement. iii) Two examples:

a. In many of the former all-women’s colleges, the boys were taking over the class-room discussions and active participation by women students had diminished noticeably.

b. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been observed in law and medical school classrooms in recent years.

B. Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyped gender roles. (para. 3)

i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class.

ii) An example: A teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experiment while the girls were given the task of putting the materials away.

C. Gender-biased education is also reflected in the typical American teacher’

assumption. (para 4)

i) The assumption: Boys will do better in the hard, masculine subjects of math and science while girls are expected to have better verbal and reading skills. ii) Three examples:

a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are superior to boys in math up to the age of nine, fall behind from then on.

b. In Germany, all studies are considered masculine and it is girls who develop reading problems.

c. In Japan, where early education appears to be nonsexist, both girls and boys do equally well in reading.

(3) The educational bias begins at home. (para 5) A. Supporting evidence:

i) Boy preschoolers were permitted to go away from home in a much wider area than girl preschoolers.

ii) Boys were encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical skills, while girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and with the desire to be approved of for their goodness and obedience to rules.

B. The consequence when these lessons carry over from the home to the classroom: Girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the teacher, more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than its content, and more anxious about being right in their answers than in being intellectually independent, analytical, or original.

C. Conclusion: Through the educational process that occupies most of the child’s waking hours, society reinforces its established values and turns out each sex in its traditional and expected mold. 2 CBDBCD Vocabulary

1. 1) genetic 2) assign 3) noticeably 4) approved 5) Bias

6) deprived 7) constituted 8) participation 9) unintentional 10) postgraduate

2. conscious – unconscious positive – negative encourage – discourage superior – inferior directly – indirectly biased – fair

sexist – nonsexist limited – unlimited dependent – independent appropriately – inappropriately

3. 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) E 5) B 6) C 7) F 8) B

4. 1) turn out 2) carry over 3) calling on 4) put away 5) fallen behind 6) take over

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