2015年数模小美赛C题翻译参考

C题原文

Why people turn to terrorism, and especially suicidal terrorism?What are the major reasons? It’s typically a combination of big issues and little ones, or what some call “push and pull” factors. Thebigger issues include alienation, shared anger or outrage (e.g. atsome foreign policy), frustration, disillusionment, a sense of victimization by the actions, or in the case of Syria, inactions, of others.The littler issues, the “lures” include the perceived benefits of turning - e.g. adventure, excitement, camaraderie, a sense of belonging,being part of something far bigger etc. The key to understandingis not just to ask why people turn but how they turn, and whatstrategies recruiters use in that process. Effective recruiters willuse whatever tools in their arsenal to pull someone in, whether itis convincing them of their duty to go fight in defense of others,to convincing them that involvement offers them a way out of thehumiliation and victimization the recruiter will remind the youngperson they are otherwise destined to face at home. Radicalization,and how it relates to recruitment (and how we respond to it) is aconstantly changing system. Some extreme traits are not as disadvantageous for fitness, as they appear to be for social adaptationor well-being, even when severely disordered subjects are examined.In fact, some traits increase in severity, they become more advantageous for attracting more mates and even producing more offspring.This would characterize these traits as risky shortcuts to fitness,owing less to failures than to the twists and turns made by genes inorder to perpetuate themselves. Why someone joins today is different to why someone might have joined even the same group threeyears ago. The idealism that helps draw someone into terrorismoften conflicts with the reality as experienced by the newly mintedrecruit.

Entrapment (in a psychological sense) develops quickly andrecruits have to cope with that disillusionment one way or another.You acquiesce to it and move on, maybe by embracing ideologicalcontent or seeking comfort in the camaraderie. Or you struggle withand try to conceal it until you can get out. Some terrorists reportbeing disillusioned long before they have been able to disengagefrom terrorism. They report a sense of suffocation - being unable toleave for fear of retaliation (either by the terrorists or by the State)and being equally afraid of their disillusionment being detected bythose close to them in the movement. We need to do a better jobof providing “off-ramps” not just for people who are on the roadto terrorism in the first place, but also to those who have gottenthemselves in a jam and want to get out before it’s too late. Weneed to know their certain psychological characteristics.Consider two questions. First: Who are you? What makes youdifferent from your peers, in terms of the things you buy, the clothesyou wear, and the car you drive (or refuse to)? What makes youunique in terms of your basic psychological make-up-the part of youthat makes you do the things you do, say the things you say, andfeel the things you feel? And the second question: How do you usethe internet?Although these questions may seem unrelated, they’re not. Clearlythe content of your internet usage can suggest certain psychologicalcharacteristics. Spending a lot of late nights playing high stakesinternet poker? Chances are you are a

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