四级写作讲解资料 - 图文(6)

十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不......） 例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。 十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 （可想而知的） It is obvious that + 句子 （明显的） It is apparent that + 句子 （显然的） 例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。 二十、That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是......的原因） 例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don?t like it. 夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。 二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去......年来，......一直......） 例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。 二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。 例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. 自从他上高中，他一直很用功。 二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ （......是值得的。） 例句：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。 二十四、be based on （以......为基础） 例句：The progress of the society is based on harmony. 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 二十五、Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的） We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。 二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 （让......明白......事） 21 例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard. 我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。 二十七、be closely related to ~~ （与......息息相关） 例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health. 做运动与健康息息相关。 二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V （养成......的习惯） We should get into the habit of keeping good hours. 我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。 二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~ （因为......） 例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream. 因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。 三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么......！） 例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! How important a thing it is to keep our promise! 遵守诺言是多么重要的事！ 三十一、Leave much to be desired （令人不满意） 例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired. 我们的交通状况令人不满意。 三十二、Have a great influence on ~~ （对......有很大的影响） 例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health. 抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。 三十三、do good to （对...有益），do harm to （对......有害） 例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。 Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。 三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ （对......造成一大威胁） 例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence. 污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。 22 三十五、do one?s utmost to + V = do one?s best （尽全力去......） 例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life. 我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。 四级写作讲解（6）实用必备句型归纳 一、议论文实用句型 1. 开头段： When talked about -----, the overwhelming majority of people are of the opinion that---- but others think a little bit differently that ----- There has been a heated discussion about -----Some people think that -----（正观点）, others, however, are of the opinion that -----（反观点） 2. 中间段： Those who argue that ----（正观点） have the reasons as follows. First, ------ Second, ------ Third/Besides, ------ Others also have their own opinions.（反观点） On the one hand, ----- On the other hand, ----- Last but not the least, ----- 3. 结尾段： TO sum up, I hold that -----（正反观点随便选一种，正观点为多数，或者说个中立的观点） In conclusion, -----（同上） In summary, ----- From what's said above, I'd like to bring my story to a conclusion that ----- 二、说明文/描述文（常见有柱状图、饼状图以及表格）实用句型 1. 开头：As is vividly / symbolically shown/ described/ depicted/ illustrated/revealed in the drawings/photos/pictures, we can find with ease that-----（据图所示，我们可以很清楚地看出……） 23 2. 中间：由上述所表示的情况写出现象背后的本质 3. 结尾：提出自己的想法（解决方法、办法或手段） Under such circumstances, we ought to take drastic measures to lessen the phenomenon. Only in this way can the problem be solved. 三、应用文 1. 开头：说明写信/通知等的目的 2. 中间：有补充地翻译提纲（要有所扩展和延伸） 3. 结尾：固定结构（再次感谢、道歉，或希望参加活动等） 四级写作讲解（7）书信体写作1 格式 （1）地址： School of Foreign Languages Beijing Forestry University 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District Beijing, 100083 P. R. China （2）日期： 1 February 2009（英），1st February 2009（英），February 1st, 2009（美），February 1, 2009（美） （3）收信人姓名和称呼： 收信人姓名 称呼 Dear Mr. John F. Kennedy Mr. John F. Kennedy Dear John（非正式） Dear Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy Dear Jacqueline（非正式） Mr. and Mrs. John F. Kennedy Dear Mr. and Mrs. John F. Kennedy 24 Dear John and Jackie（非正式） Dear Messrs. Kennedy Messrs. John and Robert F. Kennedy Dear John and Robert（非正式） Dear Mmes. Kennedy Mmes. Kathleen and Rosemary Kennedy Dear Kathleen and Rosemary（非正式） Dear Messrs. Kennedy and Onassis Messrs. John F. Kennedy and Aristotle OnassisDear John and Aristotle（非正式） Dear Mmes. Kennedy and Monroe Mmes. Jacqueline Kennedy and Marilyn MonroDear Jacqueline and Marilyn（非正式） The President Ladies and Gentlemen （4）信尾敬语： 公函、商务 同事、熟人 亲属、家人 Faithfully yours，Respectfully yours，Sincerely yours，Truly yours，Very sinSincerely，Cordially yours，Fraternally yours，…… Affectionately yours，Love，With love，Lovingly yours，Yours ever，…… Yours most affectionately，Yours devotedly，Yours adoringly，Tenderly，Lovin恋人、夫妻 yours，Yours own，…… （5）签名： Stephen Lee, Ph.D. Director Human Resources Department Dear Sir or Madam To Whom This May Concern 模板 开篇：寒暄句引出写信目的（寒暄句和主题句可以是同一个句子）； 25

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