高一、高三合并稿(5)

[例] It was in today‘s newspaper that we found the news. 他是在今天的报纸上打到那条新闻的。

去掉It was … that后，句子可以整理为：We found the news in today‘s newspaper. 这是一个完整的句子，故本句是强调句。

强调句型的常见考法：

①用介词短语来作为被强调的部分。

[例] It was for this reason that he left the company. 正是因为此原因他才离开公司。

It was in this way that he solved the problem. 正是用这种办法他才解决了问题。

②用时间状语从句、条件状语从句等作为强调的部分

[例] It was only when I reread his poems that I began to appreciate their beauty. 我在重读了他的诗歌之后才开始欣赏到这些诗歌的美。

③用not until结构作为被强调的部分。

[例] It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. 直到她取下眼镜之后我才意识到她是一位影星。

④在被强调的部分后接定语从句，使句子结构更加复杂。 [例] It was on July 5th, 1980 when he was born that his father died. 他是在1980年7月5日即其父亲去世的那一天出生的。

⑤通过句型转换来进行考查。如把肯定句改成一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，或把肯定句改成否定句或否定疑问句等。

[例] Was it during the Second World War that he died? 他是在二战期间去世的吗？

When was it that the sports meeting began? 运动会什么时候开始？

It was not Tom that stole the book. 不是汤姆偷了书。

Wasn‘t it he that had made a mistake? 难道不是他犯了错误的吗？

⑥通过改变系动词的形式来进行考查。强调句型的系动词除了用is或was外，还可以在其前面加上may / might / must等表示推测的情态动词。 [例] It might be him that you met yesterday.

你昨天遇到的或许是他。 [高考示例]

1. I just wonder ___ that makes him so excited. (06山东卷32) A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 答案D。

2. ---______ that he managed to get the information? ---Oh, a friend of his helped him (05山东卷31)

A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 答案.C。

2. With so many people communicating in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.

每天有这么多的人用英语交流，我们可以看出掌握英语是越来越重要。

“with +宾语+宾补”是with引起的复合结构，常用作原因或伴随状语，也可作定语。 除了可以用现在分词形式作宾补外，根据宾补与宾语的关系，还有以下形式： with +宾语+形容词 with +宾语+副词 with +宾语+介词短语 with +宾语+过去分词

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with +宾语+动词不定式

[例] He fell asleep with the window open.

他睡着了却没有关窗子。

He was working there with only a shirt on. 他只穿一件衬衫在那里干活。

The policeman was running after the robber, with a gun in his hand. 警察手里拿着一把枪在追抢劫犯。

With my homework finished, I went out to play football. 作业写完后，我去出踢足球。

With nothing to do, I went out for a walk.

由于没有什么事情可做，我便到外面去散步。 [典题示例] (2007·安徽卷)

John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished 答案：A

解析：with sth. done为独立主格，作伴随状语。

3. However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.

然而，在多数时间里，英国人和美国人都能容易地相互听懂对方所说的话。

常用句型have / find / there be + (any / some / no / much, etc.) difficulty (in) doing sth / with sth.表示“做某事有??的困难”，其中difficulty通常用单数形式。 [例] We have no difficulty (in) dealing with the matter.

我们处理此事没有困难。

He found some difficulty in finishing the task / with the task on time. 他发现按时完成任务有些困难。

本短语中difficulty也可替换成trouble，均为不可数名词。后接名词时，常用介词with。

4. For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.

长期以来，美国英语保持原状，但英国英语却发生了变化。 此句中的while意为“而；然而”，表示转折对比。

[例] He always stays the calm while his brother gets excited easily.

他总是很平静，而他弟弟却很容易激动。

There‘s plenty of rain in the southeast, while there‘s little in the northeast. 东南部雨量充足，而东北部则很少下雨。

Some people waste food while others haven‘t enough. 有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。 You like sports, while I prefer music. 你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。

( 1 )在作“然而”解时，while句子不能放在前面。while和but有所不同，while用于对比，but表示转折；在用同一个主语表达不同动作并进行转折时应用but，不用while来表示转折。下面两句均不能用while。

[例] He is not a scientist, but a musician.

他不是科学家，而是音乐家。 I like sports but don‘t like music. 我喜欢体育而不喜欢音乐。

( 2 ) while 引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管； 虽然”。

[例] While I don‘t have much money, I would like to help the people who need help. [典题示例]

1. We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall ______, in fact, there were 40. (06·全国)

A. while B. whether C. what D. with 答案：A

解析：while此处表转折，意为“然而”。

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The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ______ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. (2006·天津) A. since B. when C. as D. while 答案：D

解析：将生活开支与生活质量进行对比。

2. ______ I really don‘t like art, I find his work impressive. (07·山东卷)

A. As B. Since C. If D. While 答案：D

解析：while引出让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，此处while不表转折，而表让步。 3. I‘d like to study law at university ______ my cousin prefers geography. (07·四川卷)

A. though B. as C. while D. for 答案：C

解析：while表示对比转折，意为“然而”。

4. I won‘t call you _______ something unexpected happens. (07·全国卷I) A. unless B. whether C. because D. while 答案：A

解析：考查连词的用法，unless意为“如果不?，除非?”。即：如果没有意外之事，我不给你打电话了。whether意为“是否”；because表原因，意为“因为”；while表时间等，意为“当?之时”，皆不合题意。

课后综合训练

I．单项填空（1×20=20‘）

1. He jumped ______ at the sports meeting and was ______ praised by his teacher. A. high; high B. highly; highly C. high; highly D. highly; high 2. ―Goodbye,‖ then she said, without even ______ from her book. A. looking down B. looking up C. looking away D. looking on 3. Someone once compared the parks of London ______ the lungs of the human body. A. with B. to C. for D. as 4. The sound was a ______ for everyone to leave the building. A. signal B. sign C. sight D. mark

5. There are a great many people on the playground. Some are standing still, ______ others are walking about. A. where B. when C. while D. but 6. It is the first time that he ______ to join us in a research. (2007·郑州质检) A. agree B. agreed C. has agreed D. will agree 7. If you know anything ______ about it, you should tell us. A. in all B. at all C. of all D. for all

8. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ______ take care of your luggage. (2007·北京卷) A. can B. may C. must D. will 9. The ______ of the students in our school are from this city. A. most B. majority C. much D. many 10. Owing to bad management, this company fell into a difficult ______. A. condition B. state C. situation D. position

11. With the capital ______ to greet even more people from around the world, Beijing is doing its best

to make herself more open. (2007·海淀期中) A. prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. prepares 12. It is said that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer. How does this ______? A. come from B. come about C. come across D. come down 13. The number of people invited _____ thirty, but a number of them _____ absent for different reasons.

A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were

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14. I know nothing about the gentleman ______ he is from the South. A. except of B. except for C. except that D. besides 15. I was ______ tired after the trip; thus I went to bed without having dinner with them. A. now and then B. sooner or later C. here and there D. more or less 16. The ______ on his face told me that he was angry. (2006·湖北卷) A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression 17. The government aims to improve public _____, especially education and health care. A. behaviors B. products C. assistances D. services 18. I don‘t understand what you‘re talking about. Would you ______ yourself a little. A. express B. excuse C. explain D. say 19. The officer communicated his order ______ the men by radio. A. to B. on C. in D. for 20. He ______ the experiment several times to prove his conclusion to be sound. A. exchange B. repeat C. publish D. compare II．介、副词填空(1‘×15=15‘)

21. It‘s raining hard, ______, he still wants to go there. 22. Jack is a good man ______ ______ his bad temper. 23. Mr. Brown, please return the key ______ the front door. 24. He was elected ______ a majority of 5,000.

25. Many foreign words have come ______ the language.

26. ______ the teacher‘s help, our English has improved a lot recently.

27. With so many people communicating ______ English every day, it will become more and more

important to have a good knowledge of English. 28. Is there anything that isn‘t clear ______ you?

29. Would you please speak quietly _______ the phone?

30. An equal number of people learn English ______ a second language. 31. The most difficult challenge ______ Chuck is how to survive. 32. My dear, I‘ve been hunting _______ you everywhere.

33. How did it come ______ that he fell off the tree and broke his legs? 34. He was ______ praised for his brave deeds at the meeting. 35. What other subjects do you learn ______ English and maths? IV. 完形填空( 2×20=40 )

I was very disappointed not to be able to go to the jazz concert last Friday. The advertisement in the paper 36 that you could buy tickets at the theatre box in Richland Hills any day 37 10:00 and 4:00. Since I work from 9:00 to 5:30, the 38 time I could go to the theatre was during my 45-minute lunch break. 39 , the theatre is on the other side of the town, and the bus 40 between my office and Richland Hills is not very good. But if you are lucky, you can 40 the round trip in 45 minutes. Last Monday, I stood at the bus stop for fifteen minutes 40 the bus. By the time I saw one come 43 the corner, there was not enough time left to make the trip. So I 44 and went back to the office. The same thing happened on Tuesday, 45 again the next day. On Thursday, my 46 changed. I got on a bus right away and 47 at the theatre in exactly twenty minutes. When I got there, 48 , I found a long line of people at the box office. I heard one man say he had been waiting 49 for over an hour. Realizing I would not have enough time to wait in line, I 50 the next bus and headed back across the town. By Friday I 51 my only hope was to make the trip by taxi it was expensive, but I felt it would be 52 hearing the concert. The trip by taxi only took 10 minutes, but it 53 an hour to me. When I got to the theatre, I was 54 to see that nobody was waiting in line. The reason, however, I quickly 55 , was that they had already sold all the tickets. 36. A. asked B. said C. announced D. explained 37. A. at B. since C. between D. from 38. A. good B. correct C. right D. only 39. A. unfortunately B. anyway C. certainly D. therefore 40. A. line B. service C. driver D. conductor 41. A. get B. make C. finish D. meet 42. A. longing for B. looking for C. waiting for D. asking for 43. A. on B. in C. at D. around

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44. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave back D. gave out 45. A. but B. and C. yet D. so 46. A. life B. thought C. luck D. plan 47. A. arrived at B. found out C. came across D. met with 48. A. besides B. however C. likewise D. otherwise 49. A. in person B. in addition C. in line D. in turn 50. A. stopped B. met C. followed D. caught 51. A. realized B. recognized C. received D. regarded 52. A. comfortable B. worth C. pleasant D. agreeable 53. A. would like B. should like C. felt like D. would love 54. A. relaxed B. reported C. related D. relieved 55. A. discovered B. recognized C. explored D. expected IV.阅读理解( 2×2.5=10)

If you want to live longer and lower the risk of heart disease, a move to the mountains may help. Research by scientists in Greece show that mountain dwelling is good for the heart and longevity. People living at higher altitude have lower odds of dying from heart disease than those closer to sea level, even if they have factors that could increase their risk. ―Residence in mountainous areas seems to have a ?protective effect‘ from total and coronary mortality,‖ said Dr Nikos Baibas of the University of Athens. He and his colleagues suspect that the increased exercise from walking up mountainous terrain gives the heart a good workout and enables it to cope with lower levels of oxygen. Researchers studied the health records and death rates of 1,150 Greeks who lived in three villages near Athens over 15 years. One village was 1,000 metres above sea level and the other two were in low-lying areas. Although men and women living in the mountainous village had higher blood pressure rates and other risk factors than people in the other village, they had a lower rate of death from heart disease and other causes after a 15 year follow-up. ―The contrast was more evident among men than among women,‖ Baibas added in a report in the Journal of Epidemiology(流行病学) and Community Health. Heart disease is one of the world‘s top killers. Smoking, high blood pressure, raised cholesterol(高胆固醇) levels, being overweight or obese and a family history of the illness increase the odds of developing the disease.

56. The underlined word ―odds‖ in this passage in most near in meaning to ______. A. function B. probability C. trend D. danger

57. Scientists believe that mountain living is good for heart and health mainly because ______. A. people can take in fresh air B. people get shocks or surprises C. the heart can get enough exercise D. oxygen in mountains is lower

58. From the passage we know that those who‘re easily suffering from high blood pressure rates are ______.

A. people living at higher altitude B. people living at lower altitude C. people living in big cities D. people living by the sea 59. It seems that the writer of this passage is ______. A. troubled as where to live B. suffering from a bad heart disease C. in doubt about mountain living D. in favour of mountain living

V.书面表达（1 × 25= 25 ） 书面表达

据报载，日前北方某知名作家走上街道，公开乞讨。 其原因是他没有象其同事一样坐班，领导便停发他的工资。

请以―作家要不要坐班‖为题，写一篇字数约100字

的英语短文，简述其事并发表自己的看法。(文章开头已给)。

It is reported that a well-known whiter went to the street begging

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