基于单片机的数字频率计设计

基于单片机的数字频率计设计

The Design of Digital Frequency Meter Based on

Single Chip Microcomputer

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基于单片机的数字频率计设计

目 录

摘要 ............................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ................................................................................................................................... II 第1章绪论 ................................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 课题背景 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外发展现状 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 频率测量方法概述 ...................................................................................................... 2 1.4 本文研究内容 .............................................................................................................. 3 第2章基于单片机的数字频率计硬件设计 ............................................................................ 4

2.1 基于单片机的数字频率计组成 .................................................................................. 4 2.2 单片机最小系统 .......................................................................................................... 4 2.3 输入放大整形电路设计 .............................................................................................. 5 2.4 分频电路设计 .............................................................................................................. 6 2.5 频率量程自动匹配模块设计 ...................................................................................... 7 2.6 频率测量原理 .............................................................................................................. 8 2.7 显示模块设计 .............................................................................................................. 9 2.8 电源系统设计 .............................................................................................................. 9 2.9 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 10 第3章基于单片机的数字频率计软件设计 .......................................................................... 11

3.1 数字频率计软件系统整体结构 ................................................................................ 11

3.1.1 主程序 .............................................................................................................. 11 3.1.2 频率测量子程序 .............................................................................................. 11 3.1.3 显示子程序 ...................................................................................................... 12 3.2 软件仿真 .................................................................................................................... 13

3.2.1 输入放大整形电路仿真 .................................................................................. 13 3.2.2 频率测量与显示电路仿真 .............................................................................. 14 3.3 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 16 第4章总结与展望 .................................................................................................................. 17

4.1 总结 ............................................................................................................................ 17

基于单片机的数字频率计设计

4.2系统改进意见 ............................................................................................................. 17

4.2.1 硬件的改进 ...................................................................................................... 17 4.2.2 软件的改进 ...................................................................................................... 17 4.3 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 18 结论 .......................................................................................................................................... 19 致谢 .......................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 参考文献 .................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 附录A 电路总图 .................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 附录B 程序 ............................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

基于单片机的数字频率计设计

摘 要

频率测量是电子测量领域的一个重要组成部分，频率计作为频率测量的主要仪器，被广泛应用于人们日常的生产、生活之中。但传统的频率计都是以分立元件组成的，不但体积大，不易于携带，而且存在测量频率范围有限、测量频率精度低、反应速度慢等缺点，这种频率计的修改十分麻烦，很难适应当前电子仪器更新换代块的特点。单片机等可编程器件的出现为频率计的数字化、便携化、智能化带来了新的技术手段。

本文提出了一种基于单片机的数字频率计设计方案，采用单片机技术的数字频率计不但测量频率范围宽、测量精度高、测量反应速度快，而且体积小，易于携带，更重要的是这种频率计是通过单片机程序进行控制的，很容易对其功能进行修改。本文中采用直接测量法对频率进行测量，提出了频率范围自动检测电路，对频率范围进行自动检测，从而确定闸门时间，在保证了测量精度的同时保证了频率计的自动化和智能化。

关键词：频率计；单片机；自动频率匹配

I

基于单片机的数字频率计设计

Abstract

Frequency measurement is an important part in the field of electronic measurement, frequency meter frequency measurement most main instruments, are widely used in People's Daily production and life. But the traditional frequency meter is composed of discrete component, not only the volume is big, not easy to carry, and measuring frequency range is limited and the disadvantage of low frequency precision, response speed slower, this kind of change of frequency meter is very trouble, it is difficult to adapt to the characteristics of the current electronic equipment renewal. The emergence of the microcontroller and programmable device for digital frequency meter, portable and intelligent brings new technical means.

This paper proposes a digital frequency meter based on single chip microcomputer, using single chip microcomputer technology of digital frequency meter not only wide frequency range, high accuracy of measurement, measurement response speed, and small volume, easy to carry, more important is that the frequency meter is controlled by singlechip procedures, it is easy to modify its function. The frequency is measured by using the direct measurement method in this paper, put forward the frequencies range of automatic detection circuit, the frequency range for automatic detection, to determine the gate time, in ensuring the at the same time to ensure the accuracy of measurement of frequency meter automation and intelligent.

Keywords ：frequency meter; MCU; frequency automatic matching

II

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