综合英语4 unit6 notes(3)

新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 6

Section Four Consolidation Activities

I. Vocabulary

1. Word Derivation

1) fluent a. →fluency n. →fluently ad.

①她通晓五种语言。

She is fluent in five languages. ②他说英语和法语同样流利。

He speaks English and French with equal fluency. ③通过练习他能把西班牙语讲得很流利了。 With practice he could speak Spanish fluently.

2) enroll v. →enrollment n.

①每年，超过15,000名学生在这所大学登记注册。

Each year more than 15,000 students enroll with the college. ②学校下学期要招200人。

The school will enroll 200 students next term.

③近年，我校的升学率大幅度跃升。

In recent years, the enrollment rate our school has surged by a large margin.

3) access n. →access v.→ accessible a.

①只有俱乐部会员才能使用体育馆和游泳池。

Only people with the membership of the club can get access to the gym and the swimming pool. ②分行官员可以访问中央数据库。

Branch officials can access the central data bank.

③他正在研究这本著作，为的是让这本书更容易被学生接受。

He was studying the work, with the aim of making it more accessible to his students.

4) obtain v. →obtainable a. ①我妈妈无法负担我的学费，所以我要找份工作。

I need to obtain a job because my mother cannot cover the cost of my school fees. ②我们的产品在所有计算机商店中有售。

Our products are obtainable in all computer shops.

5) personify v. → personification n.

①我们经常用拟人的方式称太阳为“他”，称月亮为“她”。

We often personify the sun and the moon, calling the sun “he” and the moon “she”. ②她虽然穷，却是慷慨大方的典范。

Although she is poor, she is the personification of generosity.

6) enlighten v. →enlightening a. →enlightenment n. ①持不同观点的人可以相互启发。

People with different ideas can enlighten each other. ②这是一次极有启发性、极令人兴奋的体验。

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新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 6

It can be an enormously enlightening and exciting experience. ③他们的发展经验对我们有一定的启示。

We can get some enlightenment from their developmental experience.

7) global a. →globalize v. →globalization n.

①近来，全球变暖成为大家热衷讨论的话题。 Lately, global warming has become a very hot issue. ②今时今日，新兴的小企业主为什么不试试将他们的生意全球化呢？

Why aren’t the new small business owners of today trying to globalize their businesses? ③全球化使不同文化有了更多的共性。

Because of globalization, different cultures share more of the same features.

8) prompt v. → prompt a. → promptly ad.

①他的讲话激怒了人群中一名男子。

His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd. ②快速准确的信息在商业竞争中是最重要的因素。

Prompt and accurate information is the most important element in business competition. ③如果想避免更大的损失，我们就得立即行动。

We have to act promptly if we want to limit the damages.

2. Phrase Practice

1) The murderer was about to be hanged. Before the execution, in his mind’s eye he confessed all the crimes he had committed.

in one’s mind’s eye: in one’s imagination or memory

①在我心目中，她仍然是上次那个我见到过的小女孩。

In my mind’s eye, she is still the little girl she was the last time I saw her. ②在他脑海里，他可以看到河边有一座美丽的房子。他决定造这样一座房子。

In his mind’s eye, he could see a beautiful house beside the river. He decided to build such a house.

2) As university campuses become increasingly multi-ethnic, they offer a glimpse of the conflicts society will face tomorrow.

a glimpse of: catch a brief, quick view of, as in passing; perceive momentarily and incompletely ①人们拥挤在人行道上, 想看一眼总统的车。

People swarmed over the pavements, trying to catch a glimpse of the President’s car.

②我从火车的窗口瞥见了一座古老的城堡。

I got a glimpse of an old castle from the window of a train. ③对古英语单词及其现代意义的调查可使你大致了解语言的发展历史。

Examination of Old English words and modern meanings can give you a glimpse of how languages develop through time.

3) All the people of the country took pride in offering the highest standards to the man who had used up all his talents for the welfare of the people. take pride in: be proud of

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新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 6

①我们为国家的繁荣昌盛感到自豪。

We take pride in the prosperity of our country. ②每取得一点成就，你都应引以为豪，因为它们是你实现梦想的阶梯。 Take pride in your accomplishments as they are stepping stone to your dreams.

4) Under the protection of their well-furnished residence, they had not been exposed to most diseases common to urban populations.

be exposed to: to subject or allow to be subjected to an action, influence, or condition ①曝光之后，这个胶片就损坏了。

The film was damaged after it was exposed to light.

②当你不再每天沉溺于尼古丁和其他有害物质的时候，你的身体就开始恢复了。

When you are no longer exposed to nicotine and other poisons every day, your body begins to repair the damage.

5) The railway company decided to extend a branch line to Newcastle to convey coal direct to other cities. convey to

a. communicate ideas or feelings indirectly

b. give official information or a formal message to sb. c. (formal) move sb. or sth. from one place to another

①我希望通过这个音乐传递一种非常愉快的独特感受。

I wanted to convey a particular feeling of overwhelming joy in the music. ②请把我们的歉意转达给史密斯先生，好吗?

Could you please convey our apologies to Mr. Smith?

③我们会改善公交服务，承载更多的游客到我们的城市。

We will better our bus service and convey more visitors to our city.

3. Synonym/Antonym

1. Virtually every imaginable product available to my children’s American cousins is now obtainable here. Synonym: available, attainable, accessible 2. The particular narratives of American history aside, American culture is not theirs alone but that of their French classmates, too. Synonym: tale, story 3. The sinister Jud Fry personified evil for quite some time afterward. Antonym: harmless, auspicious 4. We happened to run across a reenactment of the skirmish that launched the war. Synonym: begin, start, commence 5. On the one hand, our children are confronting a much less jarring cultural divide than I did. Synonym: tackle, face, handle 6. The American in me feels a twinge of unease about the great lacunae in our children’s understanding.

Antonym: comfort, relaxation, ease 7. For my expatriated family, too, the flag is meaningful, in part because we don’t do anything

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新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 6

else to celebrate the Fourth. Antonym: immigrate

II. Grammar

1) Relative clauses introduced by where, when, why

Relative clauses are used to give additional information about something without starting another sentence. By combining sentences with a relative clause, the text becomes more fluent and repetition of certain words can be avoided.

Relative clauses can be introduced by:

1. a relative pronoun (who/whom, which, that, whose); 2. no relative pronoun at all;

3.a relative adverb (where, why and when) instead of a relative pronoun.

A relative adverb can be used instead of a relative pronoun plus preposition. This often makes the sentence easier to understand. For examples:

This is the shop in which I bought my bike. → This is the shop where I bought my bike. July and August are the months in which most people go on holiday. → July and August are the months when most people go on holiday.

Do you know the reason for which so many people in the world learn English? → Do you know the reason why so many people in the world learn English?

Practice:

Fill in the blanks with the proper adverb.

①This is the church _____ Sue and Peter got married. Key: where ②25 December is the day _____ children in the West get their Christmas presents. Key: when ③A famine was the reason _____ so many Irish people emigrated to the U.S. in the 19th century. Key: why

2) Passive voice

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action. For example: My bike was stolen. Sometimes a statement in passive voice is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows: A mistake was made. The passive voice is especially helpful in scientific or technical writing or lab reports, where the actor is not really important but the process or principle being described is of ultimate importance.

Practice:

Rewrite the following paragraph in the active voice.

Last summer our house was painted by me. The job took about two weeks. First, the exterior was washed using warm water and a mild detergent. Then all the chinks and pores in the walls were sealed with putty. After the putty had had a chance to dry, the exterior could be painted. A latex paint was used because it is easy to apply and cleans up with water. A whole

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新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 6

week was needed to finish this part of the job. I was very careful to apply the paint evenly because I did not want to have to apply two coats. A color was used that was very close to the original color. Our house is a two-story house, which meant that a tall ladder was needed to do the second story. The paint can had to be balanced on the top rung of the ladder while I worked. When the job was finished, a great deal of satisfaction was felt by me. I had to pat myself on the back. Even my dad said that a good job was done.

Keys:

Last summer I painted our house. The job took about two weeks. First, I washed the exterior using warm water and a mild detergent. Then I sealed all the chinks and pores in the walls with putty. After the putty had had a chance to dry, I could paint the exterior. I used a latex paint because it is easy to apply and cleans up with water. I took a whole week to finish this part of the job. I was very careful to apply the paint evenly because I did not want to have to apply two coats. I used a color that was very close to the original color. Our house is a two-story house, which meant that I needed a tall ladder to do the second story. I had to balance the paint can on the top rung of the ladder while I worked. When I finished the job, I felt a great deal of satisfaction. I had to pat myself on the back. Even my dad said that I did a good job.

III. Translation

1. 大厅里回响着小号独奏的乐曲声。(resonate with) Explanation: resonate with:

a. exhibit or produce resonance or resonant effects b. evoke a feeling of shared emotion or belief

Translation:

The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet solo.

Practice:

这个基于畅销小说的感人故事将会引起世界各地观众的共鸣。

Answer: This inspiring tale based on a bestselling novel will resonate with audiences around the world.

2. 他走路的样子使我想起他父亲也是这样走路的。(remind of) Explanation:

remind sb. of sb./sth.: bring a memory of sb./sth. into someone’s mind

Translation:

The way he walks reminds me of the way his father used to walk.

Practice: ①你能提醒我明天我和牙医有约吗？

Answer: Can you remind me about my dentist’s appointment tomorrow? ②这些照片会使我经常想起我在那个国家的愉快旅行。

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