The public policy means the society public authority (mostly refers the decision-maker of the public policy) constitutes the action plans or the choices to achieve a certain policy in a certain case. David Easten pointed out, “public policy is the authorizing distribution of the total society value.” This value is not only refers material, but the power, honor and status. Excerption for distributing the value, the policy distributes the society recourses. To achieve the strategy purposes, the government can distribute and assemble the society recourses such as human, money and material by policy. Thus we can clearly realize the relationship of the policy and the government.
The relationship of the policy and the government is mainly in three aspects: First, policy is the carrier of the power, is the tool of the government governing. Francis Bacon pointed out that the right policy is in factor to complete ability needed by exerted the power. The ability is mainly expressed by winning support and agreement rather than conflict to obtain the authority and validity. It provides government a way to realize the validity. The form of the policy must be supported and agreed by the heart. The decision-maker must sense the necessity of establishing this kind of agreement. The policy is governor’s decision to obtain the balance of politic strength. Obviously, comparing the violence or the other governing methods (governance, rule), policy is a relative softy and rational governance tool. Not only authorities always declare their policy is the result of rationally analyzing, the public is also inclined to expect to the government take the policy method when dealing with the public problems. In the hand, the policy provides authority for the government in the reason and evident. Of course, this only takes place in the relative democratic condition.
Secondly, policy is the carrier of the government’s will. Decision-maker’s all kinds of “politic attempts” can be realized by the policy, such as settling conflicts, controlling discords and dissolving the other society problems. At the same time, the decision-maker regards the policy as the inspirit system of the government action, focusing on the aims of execution and offering the impetus for public execution. Of course, as government induces and inspirits the masses, it also inhibits and restricts them.
Thirdly, policy is a government’s society management method or means. “Government using policy as the form and the measure, translates and utilizes the society recourses, macroscopically plans and deploys the society’s development, organizes the society economy activity, develops the education, science and culture and accumulate society, economy and culture.”
Policy is an important tool of government governance. The efficient of the tool affect the government’s activity directly. The policy ability’s good or not reflects government executive ability’s strong or not. The policy ability means as a tool, the degree of the policy adjusts its content. The policy ability in fact reflects the ability of government governance, which is a key index of the government executive ability. Government and policy depend on each other and elevate each other.
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