2017新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总(8)

( ) We have been planning ____ a bridge. A. build B. to build C. building D. to building

【湖北·咸宁】 — I hear you have to run for half an hour every day.— Right. It is one of the _____ in my school. A. choices B. plans C. hobbies D. rules

3. The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest,the whole family would die. 妻子告诉她的丈夫，除非他把孩子丢在森林里等死，否则全家都得死。 【解析】whole 全部的；整体的 【辨析】whole/all

(1) whole adj. 整个的，全部的 ，用于冠词之后 the whole country 全国 the whole school 全校 (2) all adj. 全体的，全部的 用于冠词和所有其他限定词之前 常用词组：above all 首先，最重要的是 not… at all 一点也不 all the time 一直 all over the world 遍及全世界 first of all 首先 【记】 词条 whole all 含义 强调“完整性” 强调“总量” 与限定词和名词连用的顺序 后接词 限定词+ whole +名词 All + 限定词+名词 集体名词或可数名词单数 可数名词复数或不可数名词 ( ) I had to look after my little brother _____.

A. the whole morning B. whole the morning C. the all morning D the morning all 4. Did you hear our stepmother planning to kill us?你听见我们的继母计划杀了我们吗？ 【解析】hear sb. doing sth 听到某人做某事

hear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事， 表示听到的全过程 be heard to do sth 被听到做某事

【2013甘肃白银3】— George was heard ____ just now. What happened? — People was telling a joke. A. to cry B. cry C. to laugh D. laugh

5. Don’t eat it until you get to the forest. 直到你们到森林之后才能吃。 【解析1】not … until …直到……才……

【2013山东临沂2】Please hold on to your dream _____one day it comes true. A. if B. until C. unless D. though 【2013山东青岛3】If you have trouble pronouncing these words, you can repeat them over and over again ______ you are comfortable with them. A. unless B. if C. until D. while

【2013内蒙古】 _______ you told me，I had heard nothing of what happened. A. Until B. Though B. When D. If

【2013湖南长沙】 —It’s too late. I have to go now. —Oh, it’s raining outside. Don’t leave _____ it stops. A. since B. until C. while 【解析2】get to 到达【拓展】get → got→ gotten v 得到

get to +地点=arrive in/at +地点=reach+地点get on 上车 get up 起床 get used to 习惯于 get along with sb 与某人相处融洽 get together相聚

【2013四川广安】 —When will the plane _____Shanghai? —Sorry，I don’t know. A. get B. arrive at C. reach

【2013江苏苏州】 I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ____ just fine together. A. get along B. get up C. get away D. get off 6. Unless I do , we’ll be lost.我要是不这么做，我们将会迷路。

【解析1】unless unless = if … not 除非…… ,如果不（引导条件状语从句）

( ) I won’t take part in Julie’s birthday party ___ I am invited. A. unless B. after C. because D. if 【2013日照】 Don’t come into the lab ________ you are asked to.

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A. unless B. until C. because D. since

【2013盐城】12.Learning to write is learning to think. You don’t know things clearly _______ you can write them down. A. unless B. if C. since D. whether 【解析2】be lost 迷路 He was lost 他迷路了。

7. What a long time you lost in the forest! 你们在森林里睡了这么久！ 【感叹句】 What (a / an) + adj. + n. + 主 + 谓！ How + adj. / adv. +主 + 谓！

( ) ①. _____ beautiful hat she is wearing! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) ②. ______ kind the old man! A. What B. What a C. How a D. How ( ) ③. _____ unusual day ! A. What a B. What C. What an D. How 【2013黔西南】 —_____________beautiful skirt ! —Thank you . A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 【2013云南】 ________ exciting sport it is to go bike riding! A. What a B. What an C. What D. How 【2013黄石】______ fun it is to have ice cream in hot summer! A. What a B. How C. What D. How a 8. Maybe it was the birds. 或许是鸟（吃）了。

【解析】maybe = perhaps adv 也许；可能 （在句中作状语，常位于句首） It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread , cake and sugar. 引导我们到一个用面包、蛋糕和糖做成的漂亮的房子里。 【解析1】lead 带路；领路

lead to 导致......， 通向...... All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 lead sb. to do sth 带领某人做某事

The teachers lead us to study hard. 老师引导我们努力学习。Hard work _________________(引导) success. 【解析2】 be made of 由……制成【拓展】make →made→ made v 制作，做 (1) make v 制作，做

make a milk shake 制作一份奶昔 make kites 制作风筝 make the bed 整理床铺 make sentence 造句 make a noise 制作噪音 make a mistake 放错 make money 赚钱 make friends with 与……交朋友 (2) make 的被动语态结构：

①be made of … ― 被用……制成‖ (看得出原材料) The table is made up of wood. ② be made from “ 被用……制成‖ (看不出原材料) The bread is made from wheat. ③ be made into + 成品 “ 被制成……‖

④ be made up of…= consists of “ 被……构成‖ (3) make v 迫使，导致

①make sb. do sth 让某人做某事 make sb. laugh 使某人发笑

②make sb/sth + adj. 使某人、某物处于某种状态 Rainy days often make me sad ③be made to do sth 被迫做某事

The boy was made to stand out of the classroom for ten minutes because he came to school late. ①The story made me ______________(laugh) in the bed. ② I was made _______________(stop) doing my work.

【2013梅州】I like the cartoon ______ has a happy ending and makes me ______. A. which; to laugh B. that; to laugh C. whose; laughing D. which; laugh (2011贵州毕节)28．I ______ many new friends since I came here．

A．make B．made C．will make D．have made 【2013湖北黄冈2】— Do you believe that paper is made ___ wood? — Yes，I do. And you can see that books are made ____ paper. A. from; from B. from; of C. of; from D. of; of

10. Then they heard an old woman’s voice from inside the house. 后来他们听到屋里传来了一个老妇人的声音。

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【解析1】voice 声音【拓展】voice/noise /sound (1)voice 多指人说话、唱歌、鸟的叫声。

(2)noise n → noisy adj. 吵闹的 指不悦耳的吵闹声 如嘈杂声、噪音等make a noise制造噪音 (3)sound ①n 泛指人听到的任何声音。② v 听起来

【记】There was a loud ________ outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his __________: ― Light travels much faster than __________‖.

( ) ① At the foot of Wulian Mountains, you can hear the ____ of running water. A. sound B. noise C. voice D. silence

( ) ②–Do you like the song You and Me? --Of course. It ____ great. A. sounds B. looks C. smells

( )③ Oh, my god! The kids are making too much ____ here. I can’t do anything. A. sound B. voice C. noise D. footstep 【2013 湖北黄冈】 ——Someone called you just now.

——I know. But I was busy at that moment. When I called back, there was no ______. A. voice B. sound C. answer D. result

【2013江苏盐城】The show I’m a singer helps audience rediscover many good __________ (嗓音). 【解析2】inside里面

11. The next day , the wife sent the children to the forest.第二天，妻子把孩子送到了森林里。 【解析】send sb. to +地点 将某人送到某地 send→ sent → sent v 发送 【短语】： send away 赶走 send for 派人去请 send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射 send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物

【注】类似的动词有：show (展示； 给……看) give (给) lend (借出) offer（提供） return （归还） tell （ 告诉） ( ) ① You fill in both parts of the form, then_____.

A. send up it B. send for it C. send it away D. send it off ( ) Please send a photo of your family ____ me. A. for B. at C. to D. with

Hansel dropped the stones as they walked. 韩塞尔在走过的路上撒了一些小石头。 【解析】as 当……的时候

【2013淄博】 ___ a teacher, Mr. Wang thinks it's very important to teach the students how to learn. A. From B. With C. As D. Of 13.Hansel wanted to get more stones, but his stepmother did not let him go out . 韩塞尔想要弄更多的石头，但是他的继母不让他出去。 【解析】more 更多的

【2011苏州】 During this year’s Reading Week, I read the most books in our class. No one read ______ books than I. A. many B. more C. few D. fewer

【2013山东枣庄1】In the future I think cities will be crowed because there will be a lot ___ people. A. more B. fewer C. less D. many

14. . … We’ll be able to see the stones. 我们就可以看到这些石头了。 【解析】be able to do sth 能够做某事 15. Just keep walking. 一直往前走。 【解析】keep doing sth 一直做某事

【拓展】keep → kept →kept v 留住；保持

(1)keep +adj. 使保持…… keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康

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keep quiet =be quiet 保持安静

( )— What should I do , doctor?

— _____ healthy, you should take more exercise.

A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Having kept (2)keep sb. doing sth 使某人一直做某事 (3)keep sb. from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 (4)keep away from 远离……

(5) be keep on doing sth . / to do sth 喜爱/ 渴望做某事

【上海中考】 Steven and Willian are keep ______ playing computer games. A. to B. with C. on D. at (6) keep out 挡住； 使进不去

(7) keep sth for sb. 为某人保留某物

( ) This kind food ____ cool, clean and dry according to the instruction.

A. should be carried B. must be put C. should be placed D. must be kept 【江苏中考】You can’t sneeze and keep your eyes ____ at the same time. A. open B. opens C. opened D. opening

【西宁中考】 Although you like the book, you may only ______ it for two weeks. A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. stay.

【上海中考】As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others ____ for a long time. A. wait B. waited C. to wait D. waiting

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

1. The elephant weights many times more than this panda. 这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。 【解析1】weigh v 称……的重量 → weight n 重量

【记】 She weighs herself every day and wants to lose weight. 【解析2】time ①“是......的几倍”

主语 + 数词 + times + as +形容词+ as +被比较的内容 Our new school is four times as big as the old one.

②―次数‖ 一次 once 两次 twice 三次及三次以上 ：基数词 + times three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次

【短语】many times 很多倍 last time (在)上次……时 every time 每次/每回…… each time 每当……时 the first time 第一次……时 next time (当)下次……时 【句型 】

It’s time for sth . 或 It’s time ( for sb . ) to do sth . 意为：该是??的时候了 It’s time for dinner . 该是吃晚餐的时候了。

It’s time for children to go to bed . 是小孩睡觉的时候了。

【2012浙江杭州2】We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen _____ we speak.

A. as twice much as B. twice as much as C. as much as twice D. as much twice as 2.At birth, a baby panda is about ___ to ____ kilos. 刚出生的小熊猫幼崽约___到 ____公斤。

【解析】at birth 出生时 （用作时间状语）___________(出生时)， a baby panda is about 20cm long. give birth ( to sb/ sth) 生孩子；产仔

A panda can live up to ___ to ____ years. 一只熊猫活____ 年到____ 年 【解析】up to 高达

up to +数量词 达到 （某数量、程度等）；至多 I can take up to four people in my car. 直到 （现在） Up to now , Tony has been very quiet. be up to sb. “由某人决定” — Shall we go out or stay in ? — It’s up to you.

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4. Lin Wei and the other panda keepers are preparing the milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast. 林微和其他熊猫饲养员们正在给熊猫幼崽准备牛奶作为早餐。 【解析1】the other 其他的 （指两个事物或两个人中的“另一个”， 后接名词时，表示“其他的人或物”； One.... The other ... （两者中）一个......， 另一个........ the others=the other +复数名词

the other的复数形式是the others “其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”。 Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。 【2013孝感3】22. My family has two dogs. One is white, ________ is black. A. other B. another C. the other D. others[来源:学 【解析2】prepare…for… 为……准备……

1). prepare sth.表示\准备......\，后接名词或代词作宾语。

Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office.我进办公室时，我们的英语老师在备课。 2). prepare to do sth.表示\准备做......\。

They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。 3). prepare for sth.表示\为......做准备\。

The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正在准备期末考试 5. At 9:00 a.m, they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. 上午9:00的时候，他们发现大部分熊猫幼崽已经醒来并且饿了。

【解析】awake adj. 醒来 （反义词）asleep 睡着的 She was awak all night. V. 唤醒；使醒来 = wake up The noise awak me.

【2013江苏苏州】 Do you lie __________ (醒着的）at night，worrying about things？ ( ) He fell ____ early last night, and he was ___ early this morning.

A. sleep; wake B. asleep; wake C. asleep; awake D. sleep ; awake

6. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall down! 当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便激动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！ 【解析1】run over 撞倒 run →ran→ run→ running → runner 赛跑的人

【短语】run after 追逐,追求 run away from 从??跑掉;逃避 run out (某物)被用完 run out of 用完(某物) run into 无意间碰到,和??相撞 【解析2】excitement 激动；兴奋

exciting 形容词，表示\令人兴奋的；使人激动的\，指

人、事、物本身让人兴奋、激动

He told us an exciting story yesterday. excite v \使)兴奋\→excitement n 激动；兴奋

Are you excited about going to Beijing? excited 形容词，表示\兴奋的\，指人、物

对......感到兴奋，是（主动地感到）兴奋的 be excited about 对……感到激动

to one’s excitement 使某人兴奋的是

【2013遂宁2】Everyone was _______when they heard the ______ news.

A．exciting，exciting B．excited，exciting C．exciting．excited 【解析3】fall down 跌倒 fall “落下，跌落，降落”，指在重力的作用下落下，或失去平衡而跌落 The leaves fall in the autumn. fall down强调的是“滑倒、倒下”，后接宾语时应加上介词from The book fell down from the table to the floor. 【短语】 fall down 倒下 fall over 落在...之上, 脸朝下跌倒

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