2017新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总(5)

A. pick up B. mix up C. set up D. use up 6. That’s strange. 真奇怪

【解析】strange adj. 奇怪的 →strangely adv奇怪地 →stranger n 陌生人 be strange to 对……感到陌生 strange 奇怪的 陌生的 It’s strange that she came to the party. He stands in a stranger street. 7. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮， 让人感觉这是在午夜。 【解析1】with + n +adv ，在句中做伴随状语

with +n +adj. She can see stars in the dark sky with the window open 【解析2】feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事 I feel like _______ (catch) a clod today.

8. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.电视新闻报道，这个地区有一场大暴雨。 【解析】report v 报道 → reporter n 记者

make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报give a report 作报告 It’s reported that… 据报道 I want to be a ___________(report) when I grow up.

9. so ,when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing? 那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？ 【解析】so 的用法：

无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容 做语气词 So, you were the first one to enter the classroom. so so + adj./ adv ―如此……‖ The book is so interesting. 作副词

so + adj./adv +that 从句 He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him. 作连词 so + 从句 ―所以― I was ill yesterday, so I didn’t go to school.

so that +从句 ―以便，为了……‖

I fixed the TV so that we can watch it tonight

10.I see .I called again at eight and you didn’t answer then either.我八点钟又给你打电话， 你也没有接。 【解析1】I see . 我知道了。 （表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解） ( ) —It’s bad for your eyes to read in the sun. — _____. A. I’m OK B. I don’t know C. I’m sorry D. I see

【拓展】 see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事 see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 【解析2】either 也

【辨析】also /too/as well/ either

(1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。 (2) too 也， 用于肯定句句末 (3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末 【练习】用either, also , too, as well 填空

③?? Tom can sing this song . I can sing it, _____. ②Tom can sing this song, I can sing it _______.

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③Tom can sing this song, I can _______sing it. ④Tom couldn’t sing this song, I couldn’t , _______. （ ）⑤ He can’t swim .I can’t,_____. A. too B. also C. either D. neither

11.Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working .

本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。 【解析1】while当......的时候

【2013四川雅安1】5. Amy was reading a book _____ I came in. A. when B. while C. because D. though

【2013山东菏泽3】13.______the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. A. When B. If C. While D. Once 【解析2】make sure确信； 确保

make sure to do sth Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave

make sure of Do you know the time of the train? You’d better make sure of it.

【2013山东青岛3】22. There aren’t many tickets left for the concert, you'd better ______that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans 【解析3】work 运转；发挥作用 The madicine doesn’t work. 【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混： 表示―工作‖，是不可数名词：

He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。 work →worker

⑵. 表示―著作‖或―作品‖，是可数名词，但多用复数： He has read many of Hemingway’s works.

⑶ 表示―工厂‖，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：

The glass works（=factory) is [are] near the station. 玻璃工 厂在车站附近。 【2012曲靖中考】 My mother is a doctor , and my father is a _________ (work).

Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。 【解析1】.beat与win辨析

?beat?比赛、竞争对手（如人或球队等）??战争?获胜，赢得??win??奖杯、奖牌??比赛、游戏???

We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我们以2:1赢了他们。

Which team won the football match? 哪个对赢了那场足球赛？ 【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地

【拓展】heavy adj. 重的（反） light → heavily adv 猛烈地 【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard

①It rained ______ (heavy) ,so he didn’t go to work yesterday. ( ) ②Sometimes it rains ____ in Xi’an in summer. A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly

【2012广西玉林】33. —Peter is _______ than you, right? —Yes, but he is _______ runner in our class. A. heavier; best B. heavy; the best C. heavier; the best D. heavy; better 【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer . A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly

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【解析3】 against 倚；碰；撞

⑴表示―反对‖，其反义词为 for。若表示―强烈反对‖，一般用副词 strongly：

Are you for or against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对 ⑵表示位置，意为―靠着‖、―顶着‖、等： The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。 He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上

【2013】50. Mr. Wang is strongly ____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom. A. up B. for C. against D. down

【2013青岛1】68. I'm ______ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in. A. against B. on C. in D. for 13. Ben could not sleep at first. 起初，本睡不着。 【解析】 at first 首先；最初

【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始 【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】

(2) first of all 首先，第一 【表明陈述事情的重要性】

( ) When you want to work for our country in the future, ____, we should have strong body and rich knowledge. A. at first B. first of all C. for the first time D. after all

【山东德州】 We can do a lot to stay healthy. ____ , we should eat a balanced (平衡的) diet. A. At a time B. In fact C. First of all D. All together

14. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，本终于睡着了。

【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：

(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，

(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态 (3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。

【记】 He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleep until . He only fell asleep for 5 hours. ( ) — Jim, Where is your sister? — Oh，She is still in bed. A. going to bed B. in her bedroom C. sleeping D. sleepy 【2013江苏泰州】David fell _________(sleep) in class because he stayed up too late last night. be asleep fall asleep 强调睡着的状态 强调入睡的动作 The baby is asleep My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly ( ) He found it was hard to get to sleep those days. A. sleeping B. fall asleep C. be asleep

【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。

⑴fall asleep属―连系动词+表语‖结构，―入睡；睡着‖，指进入梦乡，往往含有―不知不觉就睡着了―的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。

He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。 ⑵ sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。

He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon. 他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。 ⑶ go to sleep意为―入睡，睡着‖，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。

I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible. 我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。 ⑷get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。 She was too excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。 ⑸go to bed―就寝‖，―上床睡觉‖，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。

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The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening. 我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。 【解析2】 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别： 指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。

die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程； die out则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用的普遍。 die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。 die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。

This kind of bird has died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。

15. When he woke up. the sun was rising 当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。 【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来；睡醒

【2012广东河源】_____ , Tom! It’s time to get up and go to school. A. Wake up B. Make up C. Grow up D. Look up

【2013南京中考】— What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired. — I _____ to prepare for the final exam last night. A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up 【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起 rise raise 升起；上升 举起；提高 主语自身移向较高位置 主语发出的动作作用于其他事物 Price rose gradually Let’s raise our glasses to Tom. ( ) The river ___ two inches this morning. A. rose B. raised C. are getting up D. grow

16. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.到处都是倒下的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。 【解析1】过去分词做定语 fallen leaves 落叶 【解析2】 everywhere 处处，到处；各个地方 词条 everywhere somewhere anywhere 含义 处处；到处；各个地方 某个地方 任何地方 用法 可用于任何句式 多用于肯定句中 否定句 疑问句 例句 We have many friends everywhere in the world You can go somewhere you like to. You can’t go anywhere Can I go anywhere I choose 【2013杭州1】There has never been such a beautiful village _________ in the world. A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere

【2013无锡4】31. We arrived at the station too early and had____ to go, so we sat there and chatted with each other. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere

【2013浙江杭州1】26. There has never been such a beautiful village _________ in the world. A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere

17. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neigh hood together. 他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。 【解析】 join 加入；参加

【辨析】join/join in/take part in

(1) join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。

join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部 ◆ join in 后接活动名称

◆ join sb. 加入到某个人群之中

(2) take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。

( )① – I suppose we’ll go to plant trees next week.-- Terrific! Planting trees is a lot of fun. I’d like to ___ you. 第 24 页 共 24 页

A. visit B. join C. follow D. meet

( )② –Mary, would you like to ___ this game? —I’d love to, but I have to finish ___ the composition first. A. join in; to write B. attend; writing C. join; to write D. take part in; writing. 【2013天津3】26. He ______an English club last year and has improved his English a lot. A. protected B. produced C. joined D. received 18. turn on the radio 打开收音机

【解析】turn on 打开（反）turn off 关掉

【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】22. It’s time for CCTV news. Let’s _______ the TV and watch it. A. turn on B. get on C. try on D. put on 【2013江苏淮安】13. It's getting dark. Please ________ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around 【2013湖南益阳】33.The boy is sleeping. Please _____the radio. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on

【2013河南】30. ______a light when necessary. You will bring light to other people and yourself. A. Try on B. Get on C. Turn on D. Put on

19.When we got to the place of the accident, the car was in bad shape from hitting a tree. 当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了些。 【解析】get to 到达get → got→ gotten v 得到 【辨析】get/ reach/ arrive

get to +地点=arrive in/at +地点=reach+地点

get on 上车 get up 起床 get used to 习惯于 get along with sb 与某人相处融洽 get together相聚 【2013四川广安】28. —When will the plane _____Shanghai? —Sorry，I don’t know. A. get B. arrive at C. reach

【2013江苏苏州】 I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ____ just fine together. A. get along B. get up C. get away D. get off

What event happened at the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？ 【解析】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）

(1) happen v ―发生‖没有被动语态 ，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性

a. sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上What happened to you?=What was wrong with him? b. sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 She happened ________(be) out when we called.

(2)take place 发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生The sports meeting took place in our school last week. (3) It happened that…碰巧

( ) ① An accident ____ at the school gate this morning.

A. happened B .happened to C. took place D. took places

( ) ②What happened _____ the boy? A. with B. to C. at D. on ( ) ③A serious bike accident ____ her , and she was badly hurt.

A. happened to B. was happened to C. was happing D. was happen

( ) ④The accident took place on a cold night. A. took the place B. happened C. told D. hold ( ) ⑤I happened _____him last night. A. to meet B. meet C. meeting D. meets 【2011?铜仁】30. Great changes _________ in Tongren in the past five years.

A. have happened B. have taken place C. have been happened D. have been taken place 【2013山东临沂】30. The Olympic Games of 2016 will _____ in Brazil. A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take away 【2013山东济南】53. —It’s hot today, isn’t it?

—Yes, it is. Why not __________ your jacket? A. take care B. take place C. take after D. take off

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