2017新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总(2)

To my surprise_(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.

12. ― I’m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.‖ I replied.

―对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。‖ 我回答说。 【解析1】need v 需要 用于肯定句，是实义动词。

(1)人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 (2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done

①Students need ___to have_______(have) a good rest in studying. ②The watch needs__mending___(mend). 用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词 (1)needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要

(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t — Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t

【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物 (All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.

13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？ 【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把......悬挂/挂起

14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？

【解析】pass ⑴v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某 Pass on 传递 Please pass the paper on to the other students. ⑵ v 通过；路过 I pass your home.

⑶ v 通过（考试） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam. 15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、 Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？ 【解析】borrow /lend/keep

(1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语―【借进来‖】

borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library. (2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】

lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】 【记】 I want to __borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me, because Tom had _kept____ it for two days. 16. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet. 我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。

【解析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。 try v 试图，设法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿

(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 (3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】

(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 17. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。

hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。 I hate to trouble him.

hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。 She hates smoking in her room. 18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？

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【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。 ask for 请求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事 ask构成的短语： 短语 ask sb. to do sth ask sb. not to do sth ask sb for sth ask for help 含义 请某人做某事 不让某人做某事 向某人要某物 寻求帮助 19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。 【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事

— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can. 【解析2】while conj. ―在……期间； 当……的时候‖

While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。

_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. 【解析3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人。 【注】help v 帮助 → helpful adj. 有帮助的

(1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事

(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助之下 (3)without the help of 没有在…的帮助之下 ①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).

② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.

20. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？ 【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀请某人去某地 【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请 (1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事 (2)invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地

21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。 【解析】make sb. do sth 让某人做某事 make → made →made v. 做， 制作， 使得

(1) make sb/sth + 形容词 ―让某人或某物…‖ make you happy (2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.

Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep. 22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too. 他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。 【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事 have time =be free 有空

23. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。

【解析】a waste of 浪费 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱 waste v ―浪费‖

waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱 Don’t ____waste______water. Can’t you see the sign ―save water‖? 第 7 页 共 7 页

24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and

get into a good university. 为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。 【解析1】spend... on sth 在某事上花费...... spend/pay/cost/take 花费

(1)spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人

◆ sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth ◆sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in） doing sth ◆spend on= pay for 支付

He spends too much time on the computer games.

Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever. My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car. (2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人

◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.

— How much did you __pay__ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars. (3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事 ◆sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱 A new computer costs me a lot of money.

I bought a new sweater last weekend. It ___cost_ me 120 yuan. (4)take→took → taken v 花费

◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.

【解析2】in order to ―目的是；为了‖ 后接动词原形。 in order to do sth 为了做某事 He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting. 【解析3】get into =enter 进入 【拓展】与get相关的短语：

get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服

get dressed穿衣 get into进入 get/be lost丢失 get off/on下/上车 get on well with sb.与某人相处得好 get out of从…出来 get warm 变暧

get ready for +n.为…做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事get well康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会 get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相关：(be asleep睡着)

25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now. 而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。 【解析】get older 长大 get/ become/ go辨析：

⑴ get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用。 The days are getting longer and longer. ⑵ become 强调变化的结果 It's becoming colder and colder.

⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad变坏，go blind变瞎，go hungry挨饿

26. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。

【解析】provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物 provide v 提供

provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介词用for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介词with)供应某人某物 相当于：offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. provide offer supply

为应急等做好准备而―提供； 供给‖ 侧重表示―愿意给予‖ 定期―供应‖ , 强调替代或补充所需物品 provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物 Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物 offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事 第 8 页 共 8 页

①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.

② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure. 27. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。 【解析】anyway 无论如何, (一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）

28. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。 【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是重要的

29. Children these days depend on their parents too much. 现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。 【解析】depend on 依靠；信赖

—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather. 30. ... Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。

【解析1】 do one’s part 尽职责；尽本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上尽职责 【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. ―使......处于某种状态‖

Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__. keep 系动词 ―保持‖ keep + adj . We must keep healthy. 实义动词 ―保持；继续‖

(1) keep ( on ) doing sth 继续做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working

He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.

(2) keep sb. Doing sth 让某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.

31. Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教 他们如何照顾自己。 【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识

develop v→development n 发展→developing adj. 发展的→developed adj. 发达的

a developing country 一个发展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家 China is a __developing___country.

32. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。 【解析】since conj. 既然 (表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首）

.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah. __Since___my parents came here.

33. Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself. 我们邻居的儿子上一所好大学，但是在第一年的时候，他还不知道如何照顾自己。

take care of 照顾Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go. I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home. 【拓展】与take相关的短语：

take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出) take care当心 take a walk散步 take medicine服药 take place发生take one’s temperature量体温 take one’s time别着急 34. As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。 【解析1】as a result 结果 （插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）

Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child. 【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡

35 .The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。 【解析】the + 比较级， the + 比较级 ―越...... 越...... ‖ The more you smile, the ___ happier____ you will feel.

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？

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【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢？ 【拓展】用于提建议的句型有：

(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样？ (2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？ (3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。 (4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？

(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事

(6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？ (7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？ (8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？

I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep. 我要学的太多，因此我睡眠不足。 【解析1】(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people (2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework (3)much too +形容词 太… much too cold

【2013山东德州1】— What’s the matter? — I have a stomachache. Maybe I have eaten ___ tonight. A. too much B. too many C. much too

【解析2】so conj. 因此 (表示因果关系，后面跟表示结果的句子，不与because同时使用） 【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴1】18. The shops were closed_______ I didn't get any milk. A. so B. as C. or D. but

My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。 【解析】allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事 【拓展】allow v 允许

allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don’t allow smoking.

allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV. be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 4. What’s wrong? 怎么啦？

【解析】What’s wrong( with sb./ sth) （某人/物） 怎么了？

【2013四川南充】— Mum , I’m not feeling well. — Oh, dear! _____. A. What’s wrong B. Not at all C. All right.

I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night. 我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。 【解析】until 直到......时

【2013山东临沂2】23. Please hold on to your dream _____ one day it comes true. A. if B. until C. unless D. though 【2013山东青岛3】13. If you have trouble pronouncing these words, you can repeat them over and over again ______ you are comfortable with them. A. unless B. if C. until D. while

【2013浙江丽水3】18. —Hey, man. You can’t cross the street now. You have to wait _____ the traffic turn green. —Oh, sorry and thank you. A. when B. after C. until D. while Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你为什么不早点睡觉呢？ 【解析】go to sleep 去睡觉 (强调―入睡，睡着‖这一动作） 7. You look sad, Kim. 金，你看起来很伤心。

【解析】look 看起来 （系动词，后跟形容词作宾语）

【2012江苏苏州3】Some of friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to (更喜欢） what ____ nice. A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastes 【拓展】：系动词：后跟adj. 作表语 一是：（be） am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静

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