The Formation of Diplomatic Policy in New China and its Main(3)

　　In September 1947the Communist and Workers ‘Parties of nine European countriesestablished Information Bureau and issued a declaration stating that the world hadbeen divided into two camps ，the anti-imperialist democratic camp headed by theSoviet Union and the imperialist camp headed by the United States.Although thedeclaration made no mention of the major significance of the Chinese revolution ，the CPC Central Committee lost no time in welcoming the theory of "two camps"anddeclared that it would side with the Soviet camp.

　　From the spring of 1948，the Communist leaders began to express their ardentdesire to strengthen their ties with the Soviet Union and make urgent politicaland ideological preparations for this new development within the party.Liu Shaoqistated in a simple and straightforward manner in an article that in the currentsituation it was impossible to remain neutral ，and that forming an alliance ornot forming an alliance with the Soviet Union was "a demarcation line between revolutionand counter-revolution，"and "a demarcation line between progress and retrogression"for a nation.7

　　When the communist leaders began to map out their foreign policies they hada relatively profound and fixed understanding of the world political.situationand the trends of development ，i.e.，that "conflict between the two blocs headed respectively by Americaand the Soviet Union is the most fundamental conflict ，and the struggle betweenthe two blocs is a life-and-death struggle."8In this sense ，the policy "to leanto one side ，"that is ，towards the Soviet Union ，embodied the Communist leaders‘general view of the division of world political forces and trends of development.

　　As noted by some scholars ，the term "leaning to one side"also had anothermeaning ，and was put forward as the "general fundamental principle of the Party."When he advocated to one side in "On the People ‘s Democratic Dictatorship"MaoZedong was answering a question greater than diplomatic strategy -the questionof the road China would follow.The logical inference was that Mao Zedong ’s considerationof New China‘s diplomatic strategy was closely linked to the nations developmentstrategy，and that the former was also closely linked to the Communist leadership’s decision to set up a people ‘s democratic government and follow the socialistroad .

　　In recent years Chinese scholars have begun to study the way in which the ChineseCommunist leaders adjusted their basic domestic policies in an effort to forge analliance with the Soviet Union.Newly released archives also show that during Mikoyan‘s visit to Xibaipo and Lui Shaoqi ’s visit to Moscow the Chinese Communist leadersdevoted a great deal of effort to bring Chinese general and specific domestic policiesin line with those of the Soviet Union.It can be definitely stated that it wouldhave been difficult for the Soviet Union to accept New China as an ally if no agreementhad been reached between the CPC and Moscow on the Chinese Communists ‘domesticpolicies.Against the background of two opposed international political and economicsystems ，the ultimate result of high legal coordination between the CPC ’s domesticand foreign policies and those of Moscow was that New China entered into the politicaland economic system headed by the Soviet Union.

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