新GRE阅读真题与解析(维C上校 编著)(8)

“如果你想做只有少数人才能做到的事情，那么你就得去学会承受大多数人所承受不了的痛苦和孤独...”--献给所有还在追梦的，考新GRE的童鞋们@维C上校（特种部队）---新浪微博

PracticebookEdition1

Section3阅读部分

ForeachofQuestions9to14selectoneanswerchoiceunlessotherwisedirected.Questions9to11arebasedonthispassage.

InRaisinintheSun,LorraineHansberrydoesnotrejectintegrationortheeconomicandmoralpromiseoftheAmericandream;rather,sheremainsloyaltothisdreamwhilelooking,realistically,atitsincompleterealization.Oncewerecognizethisdualvision,wecanaccepttheplay’sironicnuancesasdeliberatesocialcommentariesbyHansberryratherthanasthe“unintentional”ironythatBigsbyattributestothework.Indeed,acuriouslypersistentrefusaltocreditHansberrywithacapacityforintentionalironyhasledsomecriticstointerprettheplay’sthematicconflictsasmereconfusion,contradiction,oreclecticism.Isaacs,forexample,cannoteasilyreconcileHansberry’sintenseconcernforherracewithheridealofhumanreconciliation.Buttheplay’scomplexviewofBlackself-esteemandhumansolidarityascompatibleisnomore“contradictory”thanDuBois’famous,well-consideredidealofethnicself-awarenesscoexistingwithhumanunity,orFanon’semphasisonanidealinternationalismthatalsoaccommodatesnationalidentitiesandroles.

5

10

9.Theauthorofthepassagewouldprobablyconsiderwhichofthefollowingjudgmentstobemostsimilartothereasoningofthecriticsmentionedinline11?

ATheworldiscertainlyflat;therefore,thepersonproposingtosailarounditisunquestionablyfoolhardy.

BRadioactivitycannotbedirectlyperceived;therefore,ascientistcouldnotpossiblycontrolitinalaboratory.

CThepainterofthispicturecouldnotintendittobefunny;therefore,itshumormustresultfromalackofskill.

DTraditionalsocialmoresarebeneficialtoculture;therefore,anyonewhodeviatesfromthemactsdestructively.

EFilmmakerswhoproducedocumentariesdealexclusivelywithfacts;therefore,afilmmakerwhoreinterpretsparticulareventsismisleadingus.

10.Inwhichsentenceofthepassagedoestheauthorprovideexamplesthatreinforceanargumentagainstacriticalresponsecitedearlierinthepassage?AThefirstsentence(“InRaisin…realization”)BThesecondsentence(“Oncewe…work”)CThethirdsentence(“Indeed,…eclecticism”)DThefourthsentence(“Isaacs,…reconciliation”)EThefifthsentence(“Butthe…roles”)

11.Inthecontextinwhichitappears,“realization”(line5)mostnearlymeansAunderstanding

36

“如果你想做只有少数人才能做到的事情，那么你就得去学会承受大多数人所承受不了的痛苦和孤独...”--献给所有还在追梦的，考新GRE的童鞋们@维C上校（特种部队）---新浪微博

BaccomplishmentCdepictionDrecognitionEdiscovery

Questions12and13arebasedonthispassage.

Accordingtotheconventionalview,serfdominnineteenth-centuryRussiainhibitedeconomicgrowth.InthisviewRussianpeasants’statusasserfskeptthempoorthroughburdensometaxesincash,inlabor,andinkind;throughrestrictionsonmobility;andthroughvariousformsofcoercion.Melton,however,arguesthatserfdomwasperfectlycompatiblewitheconomicgrowth,becausemanyRussianserfswereabletogetaroundlandlords’rulesandregulations.Ifserfscouldpayforpassports,theywereusuallygrantedpermissiontoleavetheestate.Iftheycouldpaythefine,theycouldestablishaseparatehousehold;andiftheyhadtheresources,theycouldhirelaborerstocultivatethecommunallands,whiletheythemselvesengagedintradeorworkedasmigrantlaborersincities.10

Forthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicesseparatelyandselectallthatapply.12.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthe“rulesandregulations”(lines9-10)affectingserfdominRussiainvolved

AresponsibilityfortheworkneededtoaccomplishcertaindefinedtasksBrestrictionsonfreedomofmovement

Climitationsontheabilitytosetupanindependenthousehold

Forthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicesseparatelyandselectallthatapply.13.Thesentence“Ifserfs…estate”(lines10-11)haswhichofthefollowingfunctionsinthepassage?

AItprovidessupportforanargumentpresentedintheprecedingsentence.BItprovidesevidencethathelpsundermineaviewintroducedinthefirstsentence.CItraisesaquestionthatthesucceedingsentencewillresolve.Question14isbasedonthispassage.

Rain-soakedsoilcontainslessoxygenthandoesdriersoil.Therootsofmelonplantsperformlessefficientlyunderthelow-oxygenconditionspresentinrainsoakedsoil.Whentheefficiencyofmelonrootsisimpaired,therootsdonotsupplysufficientamountsofthepropernutrientsfortheplantstoperformphotosynthesisattheirusuallevels.Itfollowsthatmelonplantshavealower-than-usualrateofphotosynthesiswhentheirrootsareinrain-soakedsoil.Whenthephotosynthesisoftheplantsslows,sugarstoredinthefruitsisdrawnofftosupplytheplantswithenergy.Therefore,ripemelonsharvestedafteraprolongedperiodofheavyrainshould

37

5

“如果你想做只有少数人才能做到的事情，那么你就得去学会承受大多数人所承受不了的痛苦和孤独...”--献给所有还在追梦的，考新GRE的童鞋们@维C上校（特种部队）---新浪微博

belesssweetthanotherripemelons.

14.Intheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?

AThefirststatestheconclusionoftheargumentasawhole;thesecondprovidessupportforthatconclusion.

BThefirstprovidessupportfortheconclusionoftheargumentasawhole;thesecondprovidesevidencethatsupportsanobjectiontothatconclusion.

CThefirstprovidessupportforanintermediateconclusionthatsupportsafurtherconclusionstatedintheargument;thesecondstatesthatintermediateconclusion.

DThefirstservesasanintermediateconclusionthatsupportsafurtherconclusionstatedintheargument;thesecondstatesthepositionthattheargumentasawholeopposes.

EThefirststatesthepositionthattheargumentasawholeopposes;thesecondsupportstheconclusionoftheargument.

ForeachofQuestions20to25selectoneanswerchoiceunlessotherwisedirected.

Questions20to22arebasedonthispassage.

Inthe1980s,neuroscientistsstudyingthebrainprocessesunderlyingoursenseofconsciouswillcomparedsubjects’judgmentsregardingtheirsubjectivewilltomove(W)andactualmovement(M)withobjectiveelectroencephalographicactivity

calledreadinesspotential,orRP.Asexpected,WprecededM:subjectsconsciouslyperceivedtheintentiontomoveasprecedingaconsciousexperienceofactuallymoving.Thismightseemtosuggestanappropriatecorrespondencebetweenthesequenceofsubjectiveexperiencesandthesequenceoftheunderlyingeventsinthebrain.Butresearchersactuallyfoundasurprisingtemporalrelationbetween

subjectiveexperienceandobjectivelymeasuredneuralevents:indirectcontradictionoftheclassicalconceptionoffreewill,neuralpreparationtomove(RP)precededconsciousawarenessoftheintentiontomove(W)byhundredsofmilliseconds.

20.Basedoninformationcontainedinthepassage,whichofthefollowingchainsofeventswouldmostcloselyconformtotheclassicalconceptionoffreewill?AWfollowedbyRPfollowedbyMBRPfollowedbyWfollowedbyMCMfollowedbyWfollowedbyRPDRPfollowedbyMfollowedbyWERPfollowedbyWandMsimultaneously

21.Inthecontextinwhichitappears,“temporal”(line8)mostnearlymeansAsecularBmundaneCnumericalDphysiologicalEchronological

22.Theauthorofthepassagementionstheclassicalconceptionoffreewillprimarilyinorderto

38

5

10

“如果你想做只有少数人才能做到的事情，那么你就得去学会承受大多数人所承受不了的痛苦和孤独...”--献给所有还在追梦的，考新GRE的童鞋们@维C上校（特种部队）---新浪微博

Aarguethatearliertheoriesregardingcertainbrainprocesseswerebasedonfalseassumptions

Bsuggestapossibleflawinthereasoningofneuroscientistsconductingthestudydiscussedinthepassage

CprovideapossibleexplanationfortheunexpectedresultsobtainedbyneuroscientistsDcastdoubtonneuroscientists’conclusionsregardingthetemporalsequenceofbrainprocesses

Eindicatethereasonthattheresultsoftheneuroscientists’studyweresurprisingQuestions23and24arebasedonthispassage.

Inearly-twentieth-centuryEngland,itwasfashionabletoclaimthatonlyacompletelynewstyleofwritingcouldaddressaworldundergoingunprecedentedtransformation—justasoneliterarycriticrecentlyclaimedthatonlythenew“aestheticofexploratoryexcess”canaddressaworldunder-goingwell,youknow.Yetinearly-twentieth-centuryEngland,T.S.Eliot,amanfascinated5

bythe“presence”ofthepast,wrotethemostinnovativepoetryofhistime.Thelessonfortoday’sliterarycommunityseemsobvious:areorientationtowardtraditionwouldbenefitwritersnolessthanreaders.Butifourwritersandcriticsindeedrespectthenovel’srichtradition(astheyclaimto),thenwhydotheydisdaintheurgetotellanexcitingstory?

23.Theauthorofthepassagesuggeststhatpresent-dayreaderswouldparticularlybenefitfromwhichofthefollowingchangesonthepartofpresent-daywritersandcritics?AAnincreasedfocusontheimportanceofengagingtheaudienceinanarrativeBModernizationofthetraditionalnovelisticelementsalreadyfamiliartoreadersCEmbracingaspectsoffictionthataregenerallyperipheraltotheinterestofreadersDAgreaterrecognitionofhowthetraditionofthenovelhaschangedovertime

EAbetterunderstandingofhowcertainpoetssuchasEliothaveinfluencedfictionofthepresenttime

24.Inthecontextofthepassageasawhole,“address”(lines2and5)isclosestinmeaningtoArevealBbelieCspeakto

DdirectattentiontowardEattempttoremediate

Question25isbasedonthispassage.

Electricwashingmachines,firstintroducedintheUnitedStatesin1925,significantlyreducedtheamountoftimespentwashingagivenamountofclothes,yettheaverageamountoftimehouseholdsspentwashingclothesincreasedafter1925.Thisincreaseispartiallyaccountedforbythefactthatmanyurbanhouseholdshadpreviouslysenttheirclothestoprofessionallaundries.ButtheaverageamountoftimespentwashingclothesalsoincreasedforruralhouseholdswithnoaccesstoprofessionalLaundries

39

“如果你想做只有少数人才能做到的事情，那么你就得去学会承受大多数人所承受不了的痛苦和孤独...”--献给所有还在追梦的，考新GRE的童鞋们@维C上校（特种部队）---新浪微博

25.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainwhythetimespentwashingclothesincreasedinruralareas?

APeoplewithaccesstoanelectricwashingmachinetypicallyworetheirclothesmanyfewertimesbeforewashingthemthandidpeoplewithoutaccesstoelectricwashingmachines.

BHouseholdsthathadsenttheirclothestoprofessionallaundriesbefore1925weremorelikelythanotherhouseholdstopurchaseanelectricwashingmachinewhentheybecameavailable.

CPeoplelivinginurbanhouseholdsthathadpreviouslysenttheirclothestoprofessionallaundriestypicallyownedmoreclothesthandidpeoplelivinginruralhouseholds.

DTheearliestelectricwashingmachinesrequiredtheusertospendmuchmoretimebesidethemachinethandomodernelectricwashingmachines.

EInthe1920sand1930stheproportionofruralhouseholdswithelectricitywassmallerthantheproportionofurbanhouseholdswithelectricity.

Thisistheendofsection3.Section4阅读部分

ForeachofQuestions9to15selectoneanswerchoiceunlessotherwisedirected.

Questions9and10arebasedonthispassage.

Thenearlycircularorbitsofplanetsinoursolarsystemledscientiststoexpectthatplanetsaroundotherstarswouldalsoresideincircularorbits.However,mostknownextrasolarplanetsresideinhighlyelongated,notcircular,orbits.Why?Thebestcluecomesfromcometsinoursolarsystem.Cometsformedincircularorbitsbutweregravitationallyflungintotheirpresent-dayellipticalorbitswhentheyventuredtooclosetoplanets.Astronomerssuspectthatpairsofplanetsalsoengageinthisslingshot

activity,leavingthemindisturbed,ellipticalorbits.Iftwoplanetsformincloseorbits,onewillbescatteredinward(towarditsstar),theotheroutward.Theywilllikelythentravelcloseenoughtoneighboringplanetstodisturbtheirorbitsalso.

Forthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicesseparatelyandselectallthatapply.9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingfactorshelpaccountfortheellipticalshapeoftheorbitsofextrasolarplanets?

ATheplanets’formationincloseproximitytootherplanets

BThegravitationalinfluenceofplanetswhoseoriginalorbitshavebeendisturbedCThegravitationalinfluenceofcomets

Forthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicesseparatelyandselectallthatapply.10.Thepassagesuggeststhattwoplanetsformedincloseorbitsthatengagedin“slingshot

40

百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，免费范文网，提供经典小说综合文库新GRE阅读真题与解析(维C上校 编著)(8)在线全文阅读。