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16.hat put on / take off one’s hat 17.hate hate / like to do sth. hate / like doing sth.
18.have (had, had) I have got a cough . = have cf have to & must
have on 1）(无进行时态，表状态)穿着，戴着 e.g He had nothing on except a hat. 2）有事在手头 I don’t have anything on tonight.
19.head use one’s head head teacher 班主任 headmaster 校长 ★ Two heads are better than one .两人智慧胜一人 20.headache have got a headache /toothache /backache
21.health n. healthy adj. unhealthy 指人（不）健康的 He is healthy.
healthful adj.有益于健康的食物 a healthful food be in good /bad /poor health 22.hear (heard, heard) 听见 强调结果 listen to 强调过程
hear sb. do sth. hear sb. doing sth. hear from sb.收到…来信 hear of 听说 23.heart n. heart and soul 全心全意的 break one’s heart 心碎 learn /get /know sth. by heart 熟记，背出 put one’s heart into sth.全神贯注做sth = be absorbed in doing sth. lose one’s heart to sb.爱上 … lose heart 灰心，气馁 with all one’s heart / with one’s heart and soul全心全意的
adj. hearted cold/warm –hearted 冷酷的/热心的
heart disease 心脏病heart failure 心脏衰竭 heart transplant 心脏移植
24．heat n./v.热 adj. heated 加热的，热烈的，激烈的 a heated discussion 25.heaven n.天堂，天国 go to heaven 死去
26．heavy adj. 重的；大量的 n.heaviness adv. heavily a heavy rain 大雨 27.height n. / hait/ v. heithten 增高 adj. high high jump 跳高
adv.highly think /speak highly of highly skilled 高度熟练的28.hello say hello to sb. 29.help n.& v. cannot help but do sth.不得不 e.g Icannot help but admire his courage. help oneself to sth.随便吃 help sb. out help sb with sth help sb. (to )do sth. help (to) do sth. with the help of
cf assist assist sb. with sth. assist sb. to do sth. assist sb. in doing sth. 30.here here and there
31.hero (heroes) heroine (女英雄) heroic adj.
32.hide (hid,hid/hidden) hide sth.from sb. sth.瞒着sb. 捉迷藏 hide and seek hiding—place 藏身之处
33．hill 小山 adj. hilly mountain 大山 hillside 山坡，山腰 hill billy (俚语) / yokel 乡下人 34．he-- him --his --himself she --her --her--herself by oneself 独立的 35．hire雇佣 fire 开除
36．history n. with a history of adj. historic 有历史意义的 a congress of historic significance
historical adj.历史的，历史上的 historical events
37.hit(hit,hit)v./n. 击中 hit sb. on the head 偶然碰到，找到 hit on/upon a good idea n. 轰动一时的人或物 make a hit
38.hold (held, held) hold on （to） 抓着不放，坚持；不挂电话 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 hold one’s head high hold up the traffic 延误交通 hold the view that… 持有…的观点 hold back one’s tears = keep back one’s tears 阻止，抑制 hold sb. from doing sth.阻止；隐瞒 e.g You are holding it back from me .你在瞒着我 39．hole n.洞 be in a hole 处于困难，为难
40．holiday ( 英) vacation (美) be on holiday /vacation make holiday /vacation take a holiday / vacation
41.home adj. home life 家庭生活 home and foreign affairs 内政外交 adv. go home on one’s way home see sb. home 送回家
n. at home make oneself at home 别拘束 one’s last /long home 坟墓
adj. homeless无家可归的 homelike 像家的 home born 土生土长的 homesick 想家的 n. hometown 家乡 homeland 祖国 homework do one’s homework
42.honest adj.（dishonest） 正直的，诚实的 adv. honestly /dishonestly n. honesty /dishonesty
honest wool真羊毛 to be honest 坦白说
43．hono(u)r n.荣誉，尊敬 adj. honourable adv. dishonourable
do honour to 对…表示敬意，带来荣誉 in honour of 表示敬意，为了纪念 I have the honour to inform you that… an honoured guest 贵宾 44． hope n./ v. There is not much hope that… hope (to) do sth. hope for hope that…
wish sb. sth. wish sb. to do sth. wish for wish that…
in (the) hope of
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adj. hopeful be /feel hopeful about the future adv.hopefully hopeless a hopeless case 绝症 adv. hopelessly
45．horse talk horse 说大话，吹牛 horse sense 起码常识 be on one’s high horse = hold one’s head high
a horse of another color 风牛马不相及的人
eat like a horse 很能吃 ride /mount the high horse 趾高气昂 Put the cart before the horse .本末倒置 46．hospital be in hospital 住院
47．hot a hot temper 急躁的脾气 hot dog blow hot and cold 摇摆不定 hot spring 温泉
48．hotel motel = motor + hotel 汽车旅馆
49．hour by the hour 按终点 the rush hours 拥挤时间 adj./adv. hourly 每小时的 50． house housewife housework
the House of Commons 英国下议院 the House of lords 上院
n.
51.how far 多远 how long how many /much how old how often how/what about doing…
52.however adv. 无论如何 However cold it is, she always goes swimming. 但是 I’d like to go with you, however, my hands are full. 53.huge adj. hugely adv. n. hugeness 54.human a human being
55.hundred three hundred hundreds of
56.hunger n. 饥饿 die of hunger hunger strike 绝食
adj. hungry go hungry be hungry for news渴望的 adv. hungrily 57.hurry in a hurry 匆忙 Hurry up, or we’ll be late. 快点
58．hurt (hurt,hurt) adj. hurtful adv. hurtfully n. hurtfulness vt.伤害He hurt his leg when he fell. vi.疼痛 My leg hurt. 59.husband hook a husband 钓一个金龟婿 wife I
1.ice ice cream ice water water ice冰棍 ，刨冰 break the ice 打破僵局 adj.icy 冰冷的，冰似的
2．idea have a good idea 有了好主意 have no idea 不知道 ideal adj. 理想的，完美的 3．ill adj.生病的 （常作表语） fall ill/sick (定语) 不好的，不祥的 ill luck 坏运气，厄运
a sick man病人 an ill man 坏人 speak / think ill of sb. be ill off = be badly off 贫穷 n. illness / sickness疾病
4.imagine (sb./sb.’s) doing sth.
5.immediate adj. 立即的 an immediate reply 直接的 the immediate cause 直接原因 adv.immediately 马上 conj. 一…就… I came immediately I heard the news.
6.importance n. adj. important be of great / no importance = be very /not important be of great value = be very valuable
7.impossible adj. adv. impossibly n.impossibility It is impossible for sb. to do sth.(不用人作主语) 8．improve v. 改善 n. improvement vt. He has improved his health. vi. He has improved a lot. 9.in
10.inch 英寸 by inches 差点儿 foot 英尺
11．include 包括，包含 There are ten people ,including me/ me included. 12.income n.收入 a small income
13.increase v. n.增加 vi.increase by 增加了 increase to 增加到 vt. increase one’s knowledge 14.indeed adv. 真正的，当然 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 15.India n.印度 Indian adj. 印度的 ；印度人，印度语
16．industry 工业 adj. industrial agriculture 农业 adj. agricultural 17.infer 推断，推论 n. inference make/ draw an inference 做出推论
18．information n. 不可数 a piece of information information desk 服务台 19.ink 墨水
20．inside / outside
21.insist doing sth. sb. insist(s) that (陈述语气（坚持认为）) should + v. （坚持要求） 22.instead 代替 adv. She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. instead of 介短 He will go to Italy instead of France. 23.institute n. 学院，学会 24．instruction n.命令（复） carry out the instructions 说明书 The instructions/directions are on the bottle. v. instruct instruct sb. to do sth. adj. instructive 有教育意义的
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25．interest a place of interest 名胜 have /show (no) interest in sth. be interested in sth. adj. interesting 有趣的 interested 感到有趣的
26.international adj.国际的 international law 国际法 the international date line 国际日期变更线 27．interrupt vt.打扰，打断 n. interruption interrupt a conversion 打断谈话 28．into look into 调查 run into 偶遇；撞车 29.introduce 介绍，引进 introduce sb. to sb. n. introduction An introduction to English Grammar 英语语法入门
30．invent 发明 discover 发现 n. invention
31．invite v. invite sb. to do sth. invitation n.邀请 32. iron n. 铁 Strike while the iron is hot . 趁热打铁 33．island 岛 34．it its itself
J 1. jacket n.上衣，夹克衫
2. jam 果酱；交通阻塞，困境 strawberry jam 草莓酱 traffic jam 交通阻塞 get into a jam 陷入困
境
3．January 一月
4．Japan n. Japanese n.日本，日语 adj. 日本的，日本人的，日语的 5．jar 罐子
6．job (可数) out of a job 失业 = out of work
7.join 参加组织成为一员 join the Party 参加 join (sb.) in sth. /doing sth. ; join up 参与，入伍
take part in; participate in
8．joke play a joke on sb. 取笑 make a joke 讲笑话 9．journey
10.joy n. to one’s joy / to the joy of 使人高兴的是 adj.joyful
11.judge judge by 根据… 判断 n.judgement Don’t judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人 12. juice 果汁 a glass of orange juice 13. July 七月
14. jump jump over the fence跳过篱笆 jump across the river跳过河 15. June 六月
16. just adj. 公正的，公平的 fight for a just caus为正义事业而战
adv.正好，恰好 That’s just what I want. 刚刚，The bell has just rung .常用完成时态
The bell rang just now 常用于过去时 just then 就在那时 k 1. keep (kept, kept) keep on doing sth. 继续做… Prices kept on increasing. keep doing sth. 一直做… keep an eye on 留神，当心
keep away from 远离 keep up a good state of mind保持好状态 keep sb. from doing 阻止 keep up with 跟上，不落后 2．key the key to the door the key to the answer 3. kick 踢 kick back 踢回 ，回报
4．kill kill one’s time 消磨时间 kill off 消灭，杀光 ★ Kill two birds with one stone. 一箭双雕
5．kilo （缩） kilogram 千克 kilometer公里
6．kind all kinds of 各种各样的 a kind of 某种，几分，稍稍
I had a kind of suspicion that he was cheating. of a kind 同一类 ★ Things of a kind come together.物以类聚 adj. 善良的 it’s kind of / for sb. to do sth.
7.kindergarter 幼儿园 8.king 国王
9.kiss kiss…goodbye 吻别
10．kitchen 厨房 11.kite 风筝
12．knee 膝盖 bent the knee 屈膝 13．knife pl.knifves
14.knock at/on the door 敲门 knock down 撞到 knock into 撞，偶遇 knock off撞到 knock out of 敲出
15.know (knew, known) be known to /for /as
16.knowledge (不可数) 但 a knowledge of English L
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1. lab 实验室 2. labour the labour market 劳动市场 labour at 从事
3. lack vt. lack the courage vi. lack in experience be lacking in sth. He is lacking in courage. n.(不可数) The plants died for lack of water.
4.ladder 楼梯 5.lady 6.lake 7.lamp 8.land 9.language the English language 10.large 11.last at last最后，终于 to the last 直到最后 breathe one’s last 死掉 the last but one 倒数第二
12．late adj. be late for adv. get up late stay up late
adj.靠后一些的，晚点的 in one’s late fifties in late spring 13.lately adv. 最近的(同recently)
14.later (late 的比较极) later on 在过些时候；后来 see you later sooner or later
＊ latest (late 的最高级)adv. come the earliest and leave thelatest adj.最近的，最新的 the latest fashion /news
15.laugh v. laugh at 嘲笑 n. laughter (不可数) burst into laughter ★ He laughs best ,who laughs last.
16.law lawyer
17. lay -- laid --laid --laying 放置 ,下蛋 lay the table lay eggs
lie --lay —lain --lying 平躺，位于 lie -- lied--lied--lying 撒谎 lie to sb.
lay aside 积蓄 lay down one’s arms 放下武器 lay out 布置 18．lazy adj. adv. lazily
19.lead (led, led) lead/live a happy life lead to prep.导致 lead sb. to do sth. 导致，造成
e.g What led you to change your idea?
1.leaf c.n.叶子(leaves复数) turn over a new ~改过自新
2.league n. 同盟,联盟; 社团 a ~ member团员 the UK L~英超联赛
3.least adj./adv./pron.最少 at ~至少 not...in the ~ 一点也不；根本不 4.learn v.学习（learned/learned; learnt/learnt） ~ (how) to do sth.
learner n. beginner初学者 a ~ed(有学识的) man A little learning is a dangerous thing.一知半解是危险的。
5.leave v.(left/left)离开；留下；使处在......状态 He left Ningbo for Beijing. He left his wallet at home. He often left us thinking deeply about our future. He often left his homework unfinished. She left me unhappy. The naughty boy sometimes left his father in trouble. Don’t leave the lights on when you go out of the room.
~...about乱放 ~ sb. alone听任；不干涉 ~ sth. behind拉下；忘记携带 ask for ~请假 ~...off停止 ~...out省去；遗漏
~...over留下；剩下 ~ room for为留下余地 ~ word留下口信 take French ~不辞而别 6.lecture c.n. 讲座 give a ~做讲座 have/take a ~听讲座
7.left n./adj.左边(的)；剩下的 on the ~(静态)在左边 to the ~(动态)向左边 the ~= the rest= the remaining(可数和不可数名词都可以修饰)所有其余的 8.lend vt.(lent/lent)借给 ~ sb. sth.= ~ sth. to sb. ~ sb. a hand 9.length n.长度 at ~ = in detail详细地
10.lesson c.n. 课；教训 do one’s ~s学习 draw a ~ from吸取教训 give sb. a ~给上课 teach sb. a ~教训
11.let vt.(let/let) 让 ~ sb. do sth. ~...in放进 ~...out放出去；泄漏 ~ alone不干涉；更不必说
~ sb. down使失望 ~ go放开；松手 ~...off放掉（气等） 12.letter c.n. 信；字母 a red-~ day节日 in capital ~s用大写字母写
13.level n.水平；杠杆 adj.水平的 on a ~ with sb.和同一水平 on the ~公平地；老实说 14.liberate vt.解放 liberation n. the PLA(the People’s Liberation Army)解放军 15.librarian n.图书管理员 library n.图书馆 16.lie
lie vi. 撒谎 n.谎话 lied lied lying lie vi. 位于；躺 lay lain lying lay vt. 放；产（卵） laid laid laying South of Zhejiang Province lies Fujian. He laid the eggs on the desk one by one. He has never lied to anyone ever before.
~ in在于 His success lay in his diligence and wisdom.
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17.life c.n.生命 lose one’s ~ for为献出生命 a matter of ~ and death生死攸关的事情 all one’s ~= through one’s ~=throughout one’s ~毕生；终生=for ~ bring sb. to ~使苏醒；使复活 come to ~苏醒；复活 u.n.生活 live/lead a dog’s ~过着牛马不如的生活 18.lift vt.举起 vi.(云)散去 n.举起；搭便车 give sb.a ~让某人搭便车 ask sb. for a ~向某人请求搭便车
19.light vt.点燃 （lighted/lighted; lit/lit） a lighted cigar The lamp was lit at once. ~ up点着；照亮；变快活
n.光 bring sth. to ~使真相大白；暴露；公开 come to ~出现；显露 20.lightning c.n.闪电 thunder and ~ at ~ speed风驰电掣地
21.like vt.喜欢I like you as mice do rice. would/should ~/love to do sth. 想要；欲
prep.像 I’ll talk to you ~ your father. cf. I‖ll talk to you as your father.(作为) and such like等等 feel ~ doing sth.想要；欲 look ~看起来像 It’s ~ Tom to say such things about a lawyer.(...使某人的本性)
22.limit c.n.极限 Life is limited, but there is no ~ to serving the people. set a ~ to sth.限制 without ~ 无限地
vt.限定 The composition is limited to 80 to 120 words.
23.line c.n.线；线段；行 draw a ~ between划定界限；区分 drop sb. a ~写一封短信 stand in (a) ~站成一排
v.i. 站成一排 ~ up排队
24.lion n.雄狮 lioness 雌狮 take the ~’s share拿大份
25.list c.n./vt.列出名单 be on the top ~= head/lead the ~名列榜首
26.listen vi.听（动作） I am fond of ~ing to music. He won’t ~ to any advice. 27.liter/litre n.公升
28.little adj. /adv./pron.一点点 not a ~许多；非常 cf. not a bit一点也不 only a ~=~很少 29.live v.活；生活；住 ~ a happy/poor life ~ and learn活到老学到老 ~ by doing sth.靠......为生 ~ on sth. 靠......为生；以为主食
~ through...度过；经历 ~ up to sth./sb.实行；不辜负......的期望 adj.现场直播的 broadcast sth. ~ a ~ program
30.lively adj.活泼的 living活着的 alive adj.(表语形容词) 活着的 31.load n. (精神方面的)负担;重任; 装载; 工作 reduce the students’ ~减负
vt. 装载[~ A with B] The sip is loaded with coal. upload 上传 download下载
32.loaf cn.(复数loaves) (面包等) 一条或一块 a ~ of bread vi. 闲混,虚度(光阴) He ~ed the whole evening.
33.lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的 alone adj./adv. 独自 along prep./adv.沿着
34.long adj./adv.长的;长时间的 ~ before很久以前（过去完成时） ~ ago很久以前（一般过去时） before ~不久
no ~er=not...any ~er不再 all day ~整天 as/so ~ as只要
at ~est至晚 for ~长久 in the ~ run从长远来看 So ~!再见 L~ live...!......万岁！ It was not ~ before he came to realize the importance of English.(才) L~ before they came back, Tom had left the airport.
vt.渴望 He ~ed for a long holiday.＝He ~ed to enjoy a long holiday. 35.look vi./n.看（动作） He ~ed happily at his son playing in the garden. link v.看起来 He ~s happy with my answer.
~ after... ~ at... ~ for... ~ in
~ around到处寻找 ~ away移开目光 ~ into...调查 ~ down俯视 ~ down on...蔑视 ~up仰视 ~...up查阅 ~ up to...尊敬
~ on旁观 ~ on A as B把A看作B ~ out向外看；当心 ~ out for...提防 ~ like...看起来像 Look sharp! 当心！~ through...看穿 have/take a ~看一眼
36.lorry cn.货车
37.lose/lost/lost vt.丢失；失去 loss n. be lost in...沉迷于 be lost to sth.感觉不到 ~ oneself迷路
~ oneself in...入迷 ~ sight of...看不见 ~ control of...对......失去控制 ~ heart失去信心 ~ one’s heart to...爱上 be at a loss困惑；不知所措 38.lot cn. 很多; (作特定用处的)一块地 a ~ of=lots of the parking ~停车场
39.love vt./n.爱 would/should ~/like to do sth. Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌 lovely adj.可爱的 40.luck un.运气；命运 wish sb. good ~ Bad ~!真倒霉！ Good ~!祝你走运！
as ~ would have it碰巧 have the ~ to do sth.侥幸 She had no luck finding a job.她很不幸,找不到工
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