大学应用型综合教程3unit7 - 图文(8)

5. Research project

Issue/Event/Context:

James Blake is a foreign doctor of medicine who lives in the USA. He can be contacted at 1015 Cass, St. Monterey, CA 93940 (Mob 079 7657483, Tel 012 3674892, E-mail peterpan@tesco.net). He was born on 16th August, 1972 and is the father of a 9-year-old son. He is seeking a job as psychiatric practitioner since he is well grounded and experienced in this field. He has seen job ads of this kind and is preparing his CV. Research Goal:

To prepare a CV based on the above information. Research Method & Route:

Search the Internet for information on what a psychiatrist is, a job ad for a psychiatrist, the requirements for a psychiatrist, and how to prepare a CV. Read these materials carefully. Work out a CV for James Blake. Research Resources:

Internet: http://www.yyxenglish.com,

http://www.mentalhealthchannel.net/psychiatrist.shtml,

http://careers.stateuniversity.com/pages/493/Psychiatrist.html, http://jobsearch.about.com/od/cvsamples/a/cvsample.htm. Result:

Present a CV for James Blake.

Reference answer： CURRICULUM VITAE Name: James Blake MD

Address: 1015 Cass St, Monterey, CA 93940 Mobile: 079 7657483 Telephone: 012 3674892 E-mail: peterpan@tesco.net Date of Birth: 16th August 1972 Civil Status: Married

Children: One son aged nine Objective

To follow a career in old age psychiatry, preferably in a post where I will be able to continue my research interests. Education

1989-92 Bachelor of medicine—Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans 1992-96 Doctor of medicine—Oxford College of Emory University, Atlanta Board certification

Psychiatry American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology Addiction Medicine American Society of Addiction Medicine - 36 -

Permanent certificate from the Educational Council of Foreign Medical Graduates License

Current license to practice medicine in the United States, District of Columbia or Puerto Rico Employment to date

1997-2001 Staff psychiatrist, Community Hospital of Monterey Peninsula

2002-2008 Staff physician, Complementary Medicine Clinic, Stanford University Hospital Awards and Honors

Resident Choice teaching awards Representative Publications

\Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, May, 2000, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 36-60 Interests

Stamp collecting, skydiving, power boat racing References

Available upon request

6. Listening-based writing

Listen to a news item twice about a college student's suicide due to mental problems and write a passage entitled How to Improve Psychological Health, referring to the following hints.

1. The importance of psychological health for students; 2. What should the schools do?

3. What should the students do for themselves?

Reference answer： How to Improve Psychological Health?

As is known to all, psychological health is as important as, if not more important than, physical health for a student during his/her growth. However, it's quite worrying that nowadays some students are not quite psychologically healthy.

Undoubtedly, schools and universities should take great account in the responsibilities of students' psychological health. Relevant courses and activities should be introduced to students so that they can be more aware of the significance of psychological health and find appropriate ways to maintain and improve it. For example, there should be a psychological counseling hotline or office for students to turn to when they need some psychological aid.

Of course no psychological health can be obtained without the efforts from the students themselves. From my perspective, what they can do is trying to stay positive, optimistic and follow the right guidelines from their schools. To be more specific, they can participate in some activities such as voluntary work to cultivate an opening and caring mind. Meanwhile, harmful impacts from the cyber space should definitely be avoided.

Mind Map

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fragility n. psychological a. isolation n. Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

脆弱 心理的 孤立 北京航空航天大学 Language for improving psychological health Relevant courses and activities should be introduced...

Learning Find appropriate ways to maintain and improve psychological health.

Stay positive and optimistic and follow the right guidelines... Participate in some activities to cultivate an open and caring mind.

Part 3 Enhancement of Language Abilities

1. Translation skills

Put the following sentences into Chinese. Pay special attention to the underlined expressions.

1. These passive approaches to teaching have little value in a world where a premium is set on creativity and flexibility.

Reference answer： 这些被动的教学方法在当今强调创造性和灵活性的世界根本就没有什么价值可言。

2. Many teachers spend a great deal of their class time disciplining children and playing babysitter, two things that are not a part of their job duties.

Reference answer： 许多教师把大量的课堂时间用于维持纪律，像保姆一样照管孩子，而这些都不在教师职责之列。

3. The students, who cannot afford a textbook, must then transcribe the notes in a notebook. Reference answer： 负担不起教科书费用的学生，必须把老师的授课笔记抄在自己的笔记本上。

4. Many students, who had carefully read through the instructions before doing their experiment, could not obtain satisfactory results because they followed them mechanically.

Reference answer： 虽然很多学生在做实验之前仔细阅读了说明书，但是由于机械地照搬照抄，最终还是不能得到令人满意的结果。（译为让步状语从句）

5. The people of the entire community, not just the parents of the children who attend, pay for public schools, which are free and open to everyone.

Reference answer： 整个社区的居民，而不仅仅是入学儿童的家长，都得为公立学校出资，因此，公立学校是免费的，每个人都可以上学。（译为结果状语从句）

Translation of Attributive Clauses

定语从句的翻译

定语从句（Attributive Clause）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词、代词或词组，被修饰的名词、代词或词组即为先行词。定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引出。

1. 前置法

对于简单的英语定语从句，尤其是限制性定语从句，翻译时可以将其放在被修饰词的前面。有时非限制性定语从句对其主导词限制性较强，且句式较短，也可采用前置法，译成“……的”短语作定语。例如: - 38 -

In many societies women study subjects that conform to their traditional roles, rather than courses that will maximize their opportunities in the labor market. 在很多国家，女性只是学习符合其传统角色的课程，而不是那些能在人才市场上最大限度地给她们提供就业机会的课程。 2. 后置法对于复杂的英语定语从句，将其单独成句，翻译为后置的并列分句。例如:

Budgets must typically be approved by government officials, a few of whom may have little understanding of higher education in general. 财政预算通常由政府官员审核批准，而有些官员可能对高等教育一窍不通。 3. 合成法

把定语从句与其先行词结合起来译成一句。

Market forces, which attempt to reward good performance, are seldom used to determine pay in the higher education sector.

市场机制旨在奖励良好业绩，可是在高等教育领域，却很少用它决定收入高低。 4. 译成状语从句

从意义上讲，英语中的定语从句有时从原因、目的、结果、条件等方面对中心词加以修饰。因此，在对语法结构、上下文逻辑关系深刻理解的前提下，为了更明确地表达这种逻辑关系，可以将定语从句译成相应的状语从句。例如:

The United States has long been known as a \who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new world.

美国历来以“民族熔炉”著称，因为许多美国人都是早期移民的后代，这些移民从世界各地来到这片新大陆安家落户。（译为原因状语从句）

2. Pleasant surprises in language

Expressing LOVE by using JOURNEY and INSANITY concepts

对“爱情”的理解与表达（一）

“这就是爱，说也说不清楚！”歌中如是感叹。这里的“爱”指的是“爱情”。为什么说不清楚？因为它太抽象了，看不见，摸不着，只能体会和感受。因为抽象，理解和表达“爱情”的概念时，我们往往要借助许多其他较为具体的概念。常见的有“旅途”、“力量”、“人”、“疯癫状态”、“战争”等。

旅途有陆路和水路，与陆路、水路相关的词语也可以用于描述爱情。

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Where are they?

他们的关系进展到哪一步了？（不知道关系进展到哪个地步了） Look how far we've come.

我们都相爱这么久了啊。（回顾爱情进展过程时的感叹） We're at a crossroads.

我们的关系正处于十字路口。（爱情处于继续与结束两难境况的时候） It's been a long, bumpy road.

这是一条漫长而崎岖的道路。（回顾爱情关系的曲折发展时） We'll just have to go our separate ways.

我们将不得不各走各的路/分手/分道扬镳。（爱情不能持续下去而要终止了） I don't think this relationship is going anywhere. 我认为我们的爱情不会有结果。（认为爱情不会有什么结果） This relationship is a dead-end street. 我们的爱情是死路一条。（同上） We've gotten off the track.

我们的爱情驶离了轨道。（爱情出现了问题） Our marriage is on the rocks. 我们的婚姻触礁了。（同上） This relationship is foundering. 爱情之舟正在沉没。（同上）

当一个人对另一个人的爱达到一定程度后，这个人可能会处于一种不理智或不清醒的状态，即汉语所说的“痴迷”、“痴狂”、“神魂颠倒”。英语中也有这样的隐喻。描述心智不正常的形容词有crazy、mad、wild、insane，这些词都可以用来描述人在爱情中神魂颠倒的状态。 I am crazy about her. 我爱她爱得发狂。

He has gone mad over her. 他痴迷于她。

I am just wild about Harry. 我简直对哈里痴狂了。 I am insane about her. 我爱她爱得发狂。

上面的情况属于主动的。当强调一个人受到对方的影响而发疯地爱上对方时，我们往往将这种情况理解为后者对前者“施加了魔力”，或“念了魔咒”，因此也就有了“爱情魔力（magic of love）”和“爱情魔咒（spell of love）”的说法。 spell是“咒语”，对某人施咒就是cast a spell on/over sb.，put sb. under a spell；spellbound是形容词，原义为“被施以魔咒的”，现在一般用它的比喻义，表示“入迷的，出神的”；trance表示“昏睡状态”，而hypnotize表示“使进入催眠状态”、“给……施催眠术”，和entrance一样，都用来表示“使着迷”；charm作名词时原指“符咒”，后比喻为“魅力，吸引力”，用作动词时指“使陶醉，使着迷”；bewitch是动词，表示“对……施妖术，蛊惑”，比喻“使入迷，迷住”。

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