生成树的详细配置及实验

STP及其优化

实验拓扑图：

R1Core1Core2ED-SW

实验步骤：

1. 设置SW1，SW2，SW3主机名分别为Core1,Core2, ED-SW

2. 把Core1与Core2间的两条链路绑定成etherchannel2，并设置成Trunk mode

Core1:

interface range fa0/23 - 24

switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q //支持ISL及dot1Q的交换机必须设置trunk的封装

协议。低端的C2950，C2960，C2918只支持dot1Q，无此命令。 switch mode trunk //接口设置为Trunk模式。

channel-group 2 mode on //接口加入Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 2

//系统提示自动创建 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk Core2:

interface range fa0/23 - 24

switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switch mode trunk channel-group 2 mode on

Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 2 interface Port-channel2

switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk

Etherchannel2。

port-channel2。

interface Port-channel2 // Port-channel2接口配置必须同物理接口一致。

3. 验证etherchannel设置

Core1#sh etherchannel summary //显示etherchannel的详细信息 Flags: D - down P - in port-channel I - stand-alone s - suspended H - Hot-standby (LACP only) R - Layer3 S - Layer2

U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator u - unsuitable for bundling w - waiting to be aggregated d - default port

Number of channel-groups in use: 1 //目前已经建好Number of aggregators: 1

Group Port-channel Protocol Ports

------+-------------+-----------+-----------------------------------------------

2 Po2(SU) - fa0/23(P) fa0/24(P) // S - Layer2 U - in use P - in port-channel

1个etherchannel。

4. Core1，Core2，ED-SW间的所有链路均设置成Trunk

ED-SW:

int range f0/23 – 24 no shutdown

switchport mode trunk Core1: int f0/21

switch trunk encap dot1q switch mode trunk Core2: int f0/21

switch trunk encap dot1q switch mode trunk

5. 验证etherchannel设置

Core2#show interface trunk

Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan

Fa0/21 on 802.1q trunking 1 // F0/21，TrunkPo2 on 802.1q trunking 1

Port Vlans allowed on trunk

Fa0/21 1-4094 //此Trunk允许所有的vlan流量通过。 Po2 1-4094

Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain

Fa0/21 1 //此交换域只有vlan 1是活动的vlan。因为现在无其他vlan

Po2 1

Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned Fa0/21 1 //Vlan没有被vtp修剪

Po2 1

模式为ON，封装为802.1q，目前已经形成Trunking，native vlan为vlan 1。

6. 添加vlan1-10,奇数vlan生成树根选择Core1，偶数vlan生成树根选择Core2

Core1，Core2，ED-SW:

vlan 2 //添加vlan 2

name testvlan2 //命名vlan 2为testvlan2 vlan 3

name testvlan3 vlan 4

name testvlan4 vlan 5

name testvlan5 vlan 6

name testvlan6 vlan 7

name testvlan7 vlan 8

name testvlan8 vlan 9

name testvlan9 vlan 10

name testvlan10

7. 验证新添加的vlan

Core1#sh vlan brief // Vlan

VLAN Name Status Ports

--------------------------------------------- ------------------------------- 1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4 Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8 Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16 Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20 Fa0/22, Gi0/1, Gi0/2

//这些端口默认划分到vlan1，注意Fa0/21,23,24不在这里，因为这3个端口做成了Trunk

2 testvlan2 active ――――部分输出忽略――――――

9 testvlan9 active 10 testvlan10 active

1002 fddi-default act/unsup //这些为特殊vlan，现在基本不用 1003 token-ring-default act/unsup

标号列，vlan名字，状态，及对应端口

8. 验证新添加的vlan

Core1#sh spanning-tree VLAN0001

Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee //Spanning-tree为ieee标准 Root ID Priority 32769 //此交换机

vlan 1的优先级＝默认32728＋vlan

的标号，则vlan2为32768＋2，其他vlan类似。 Address 000d.65dc.8800 //交换机MAC

This bridge is the root //此交换机已经成为valn1的root，默认情

况一台交换机成为所有vlan的root

Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec

Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1) Address 000d.65dc.8800

Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300

Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type

---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa0/4 Desg FWD 19 128.4 P2p

Fa0/21 Desg FWD 19 128.21 P2p // F0/21

为指定端口，处于转发

状态，STP Cost为19

Po2 Desg FWD 12 128.65 P2p

VLAN0002

Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32770

Address 000d.65dc.8800 This bridge is the root

Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec

Bridge ID Priority 32770 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 2) Address 000d.65dc.8800

Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300

Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type

---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa0/21 Desg FWD 19 128.21 P2p Po2 Desg FWD 12 128.65 P2p

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