阅读理解技巧及练习

阅读理解解题技巧和专项练习

最近几年，中考阅读的题材走向多元化、材料的时代气息更浓，更贴近生活实际，而且注重文化背景和对学生综合的能力考查。

一、做好阅读理解，应具备五种能力

１、快速的浏览能力。把短文从头至尾读一遍，初步了解大意和时态。

２、巧妙的猜词能力。精读，考虑上下句之间的联系，判断个别生词的含义。 ３、独立的分析能力。对难度稍大的问题，要反复精读短文，认真分析，找出答案。

４、准确捕捉主题句的能力。根据问题划出短文中与之有关的句子，以便正确做题。

５、合乎逻辑的判断能力。对短文中没有明确答案的问题，要根据短文内容，通过认真分析推断，做出合乎逻辑的判断。

二、做好阅读理解，应分“四步”走。 1、细读题干，心中有数。

首先分清问题的类型，客观性题目从文中直接可以找到答案；主观性题目考查的是考生对文章的深层理解，是作者未加陈述的观点，以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解。只有了解题干以及各个选项包含的信息，才能有针对性的对课文扫读、定位、分析。

2、速读全文，了解大意。

抓主题句是快速阅读的主要方法，而主题句一般在文章的开头或结尾。在速读时要注意发现与问题有关的信息，重点扫视一下起首段和尾段，把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。

3、细读原文，捕捉信息。

抓住六个\。边读边用铅笔做标记，把Who（谁），When（时间），Where（地点），What (事件)， Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。

抓住六个“W”。就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。

抓住关键词。起关键作用的词对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。领会文章寓意。在实际阅读时，要根据字面的意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意。

初选答案。仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。明显的，有把握的题断然确定；略难的题，查阅短文，找出依据，予以排除；注意上下文之间的关系，综合推理及至计算，归纳出正确答案；在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。

4、认真复查、避免失误。这是最后一步，也是最重要的一步。我们确定答案后，要将原文读一遍，用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。

例题：

It was Sunday. MrsYoung didn't go to work. Her husband went to Paris on business and she had to wash her children's clothes and tidy the rooms. So she called Mike in and said, \I'll give you more until I finish my work.\

Mike went out happily with the bananas. But half an hour later the five-year-old boy ran in and told his mother that Mabel was in the pool. The woman rushed out and found her

two-year-old daughter nearly drowned（淹死）. She jumped into the water and pulled the poor girl out.

\

\（边）.\

\\\

\1.It was Sunday, but _________.

A.Mrs. Young couldn't go to Paris

B.Mrs. Young had to look after her children C.Mrs. Young had a lot of housework to do

D.Mrs. Young had buy some fruit for her children 2.___, so she gave some bananas to her son.

A.Mrs. Young wanted Mike to look after Mabel B.Mrs. Young wanted Mike to play outside C.Mrs. Young hoped to stay in the room quietly D.Mrs. Young had no time to divide fruit 3.Mike left happily because ___.

A.he could eat more bananas B.he liked bananas very much C.he could play with Mabel D.he could play near the pool 4.___, so he ran into the room.

A.Mike wanted more bananas B.Mike knew Mable couldn't swim C.Mike went to say sorry D.Mike wanted mum to save Mabel 5.Mike pushed Mabel into the pool because ___.

A.she didn't listen to him B.he wouldn't play with her C.she wouldn't give her bananas to him D.he thought his mother loved only her 点拨：

这是一个星期天，Mrs. Young 仍然很忙，她有许多家务事要做。她给了儿子 Mike 一些香蕉，要他和妹妹一起玩，好好照看她。Mike 很高兴，就出去了。过了半小时，他跑进屋子对妈妈说，Mabel 掉进了水池。Mrs.Young 急忙跑出去，见女儿差一点淹死，忙跳进水里把她拖了出来。她问儿子是怎么一回事。Mike 说他告诉 Mabel 别在水池边上玩，但她不听他的话，于是他把她推到水池中，想让她知道不听话的后果。 1.C。从 Mrs. Young 忙着洗孩子的衣服，打扫房间， 说明她有很多家务事要做。

2.A。Mrs. Young 给 Mike 香蕉， 告诉他她干完活以后还要给他一些，就能看出，她是要他照看妹妹。

3.B。从 Mike 兴冲冲地拿着香蕉走了就可以得知，他爱吃香蕉。

4.D。Mike 把妹妹推到水池，知道自己闯了祸，跑回家找妈妈去救她。

5.A。从Mike的话来看，他阻止 Mabel 别在水池边上完，她却不听他的话他才把她推下水的。

阅读理解专项训练

A Red Rose Garden, Pudong 3-storey home, 509 sqm total (总的) land area, 428.8 sqm built-in, 312.9 sqm garden. Asking RMB 13 million(USD 1.57 million). MP:13761973547 Tel: 021-58609228 Fax: 021-58609728 Cherry, 24, a shining girl, good at oral English and Putonghua. Now I am working at an international trade (国际贸易)company in Guangzhou. I am kind-hearted, hard-working and healthy, and would like part-time weekend work offering Putonghua lessons to foreign friends. If you are interested, please email me at cherrylf@hotmail.com. Price: 18 yuan (ticket), 50 yuan/hour on weekdays and 70 yuan/hour on weekends, 120 yuan/four hours on weekdays and 190 yuan/four hours on weekends Tel:010-69191617 根据以上广告信息，回答下列问题：

1. If an Australian student wants to learn Chinese, he or she can __________.

A. call 021-58609228

B. fax 021-58609728

C. email cherrylf@hotmail.com D. telephone 010-69191617 2. How many square meters is the garden of the house for sale?

A. 509 sqm. B. 428.8 sqm. C.312.9 sqm. 3. Where is Cherry working now? A. Shanghai. B. Guangzhou. more money than on Tuesday. A. Sunday B. Friday least?

A. 138 yuan. B. 200 yuan. C. 208 yuan.

Ｂ Driver Wanted 1.Clean driving license 2.Good-looking 3.Age over 25 Apply(申请) to：Capes Taxi, Shenzhen Tel：0755-6561382 Teacher Needed For private language school Teaching experience necessary Apply to：Instant Languages Ltd, Dalian Air Hostess（空姐）Wanted 1.Age between 20 and 33 2.Height from 1.6m to 1.75m 3.Two foreign languages 4.College graduate Apply to: China airlines, Beijing Tel：010-88488970 D. 280 yuan.

C. Wednesday

D. Monday

5. If you want to ski for four hours on weekdays, how much money will you pay at

C. Beijing.

D. Pudong.

4. If he goes skiing on ________in Beijing Snow World Ski Park, Nick has to pay

D. 80.2 sqm.

1.If you want to work in the south, you can apply for a job as ______.

A. a driver B. an air hostess C. a teacher D. all of the above 2.You may call _______ when you wish to be a teacher.

A.0755-6561382 B.0411-4313861 C.010-88488970 D.A and B

3.Mary, aged 26, knows English and Japanese. Which job can be given to her?

A.Driving for Capes Taxi. B.Working for China Airlines. C.Teaching at Instant Languages Ltd. D.None of the above.

4.What prevents Jack, an experienced taxi driver, working for Capes Taxi?

A.Liking beer and wine. B.Breaking traffic rules.

C.being unable to speak a foreign language. D.not having college education. 5.Which of the following is not mentioned in the three ads? A. Height. B.Age. C.Language D.Health

C

TODAY’S WEATHER

East England, North East England: Mostly rather cloudy at first, although it will be dry. Bright or sunny spells(一段时间) are expected in many places by the afternoon. Light west southwest winds.

North West Scotland, Northern Ireland: A lot of cloud is expected, Western coasts(海岸) will also see some light rain at times. Light southwest winds.

South Wales, West Scotland: Cloudy at first but bright or sunny spells should develop, away from western coasts, by the afternoon, Light west winds.

Edinburgh, North East Scotland: A dry with some pleasantly warm sunshine by the afternoon, especially around Edinburgh. Light west or southwest winds.

Outlook: Dry, bright and very warm once again in central and eastern parts. Western coasts will be still rather cloudy with the chance of a little rain.

FOUR-DAY FORECAST(预报) City Today

Glasgow 21℃ Cloudy Newcastle 21℃ Fine Liverpool 21℃ Cloudy London 26℃ Cloudy Birmingham 25℃ Fine A．Friday A．Birmingham

B．Saturday B．Liverpool

Tomorrow 20℃ Rainy 21℃ Cloudy 22℃ Cloudy 25℃ Fine 24℃ Cloudy

C．Sunday C．Newcastle B．Northern Ireland D．North East Scotland B．North West Scotland D．Edinburgh

Sunday

19℃ Cloudy 20℃ Cloudy 20℃ Cloudy 26℃ Fine 20℃ Cloudy

Monday 21℃Fine 22℃ Cloudy 23℃ Rainy 27℃ Sunny 24℃ Fine

1．What day is today? ___________.

D．Monday D．Glasgow

2．Which of the following cities is the coolest these days? ________. 3．In the afternoon, the weather in ________ will not get better. A．North Fast England C．West Scotland A．East England C．South Wales

4．There are southwest winds in some parts of Britain except _________.

5．The underlined word “outlook” in this passage means “_________” in Chinese.

A．态度 B．观点 C．风光 D D．展望

December 25, 2004 Dear Rose, How are you? I like your programmes very much. They're very interesting and I can learn a lot from them. I like travelling and I have won a free four-week trip to England, but I know little about the British way of life. Would you please write to tell me something about the British meals? Thank you. Yours, Wang Lin January 1, 2005 Dear Wang Lin, It's very helpful to know something about the British meals before travelling. In many English houses, people eat four meals a day. They are breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner. Breakfast takes place at any time from 7:00 to 9:00 in the morning. They usually have eggs, bread with butter(黄油), cheese and so on. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast. Lunch comes at one o'clock. It can be a hamburger or a three-course (三道菜) meal. Afternoon tea is between 4:00 pm and 5:00 pm. Dinner begins at about half past seven. The first course is soup. The next is often meat or fish with vegetables. Then come fruits of different kinds: apples, pears, bananas and so on. But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper. And all these meals are usually simple. Wish you a good time in England! Yours, Rose 1. Wang Lin wrote to ______.

A. say hello to Rose B. ask Rose about the British meals

C. tell Rose about the free trip D. tell Rose that he liked her programmes 2. The possible time for breakfast in England is ______.

A. from 7:00 pm to 9:00 pm B. from 7:00 am to 9:00 am C. from 4:00 pm to 5:00 pm D. from 4:00 am to 5:00 am 3. In England, afternoon tea often takes place ______.

A. before lunch B. between breakfast and lunch C. during supper D. between lunch and dinner 4. The second course at dinner is often ______ at British meals.

A. soup B. cheese

C. bread with butter D. meat or fish with vegetables 5. Rose answered the letter ______.

A. on New Year's Day B. at the Lantern Festival C. on New Year's Eve D. on Christmas Day

E

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