升运链式马铃薯播种器的设计

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马铃薯播种器的设计

摘 要：本设计中的马铃薯播种器全名叫升运链式马铃薯播种器，这是一种块状马铃薯播种

器，其主要的设计结构有：机架，升运链式排种器，外槽轮排肥器，锄铲式开沟器，行走轮，镇压轮，链轮等。这种播种器结构简单，体形小巧，工作可靠，播种效率高并且不伤种，在国内得到广泛的应用。在设计中我通过查找的大量资料为播种器的各个结构进行选型，计算并最终定型。在这些结构的设计计算过程中，我充分的利用大学中所学过的各方面的专业知识，尽力把设计做得详细全面。最后我在老师的悉心指导下，我不断改进与完善了我的设计内容。

关键词：播种器；马铃薯；升运链式排种器；外槽轮排肥器；锄铲式开沟器

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The Design of The Potato Seeder

Abstract: The design of the potato seeder's full name is rises to transport the chain potato seeder,

this is a kind of sowing seeds massive potato seed tuber's seeder. Its main design structures: Rack, Ladle—chain dispenser, Fluted roller fertilizer apparatus, Hoe opener, The road wheel, The compacting wheel, Sprocket and so on. This seeding is simple structure, small shape, reliable operation, high seeding efficiency, and hurt less to plants, this machine is widely applicated in our country. In the design of large quantities of data I through the search for seeder each structure of selection, calculation and eventually to finalize the design. In the structure design and calculation of the process, I make full use of university learned all aspects of professional knowledge, try to do detailed design comprehensive. At the end I teacher of meticulous direction, I continuously improve and perfect the content of my design.

Keywords：Planter ；Potato ；Ladle—chain dispenser ；Fluted roller fertilizer apparatus ；Hoe ope

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目 录

摘要 .................................................................... Ι 关键词 .................................................................. Ι 1 前言 .................................................................. 1

1.1 课题的意义 ....................................................... 1 1.2 国内外马铃薯播种器的发展 ......................................... 1

1.2.1 国外马铃薯播种器的发展 ..................................... 1 1.2.2 我国马铃薯播种器的发展 ..................................... 1 2 总体设计 .............................................................. 2

2.1 主要技术参数 ..................................................... 2 2.2 基本结构及工作原理 ............................................... 3

2.2.1 基本结构 ................................................... 3 2.2.2 工作原理 ................................................... 3

2.3 配套动力选用 ..................................................... 3

3 传动装置的设计计算 .................................................... 4

3.1 传动路线的确定 ................................................... 4 3.2 传动比的计算 ..................................................... 4

4 排种器的选型设计 ...................................................... 4

4.1 种箱结构参数的设计 ............................................... 4

4.1.1 种箱尺寸的确定 ............................................. 4 4.1.2 种箱容积的计算 ............................................. 5

4.2 排种器的选型与计算 ............................................... 5

4.2.1 马铃薯播种器对排种器的性能要求 ............................. 5 4.2.2 现有排种器的类型和特点 ..................................... 6 4.2.3 排种器的选型 ............................................... 6 4.2.4 中间轴的计算 ............................................... 7 4.2.5 滚子链传动的设计计算 ...................................... 10

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4.2.6 升运链相关系数确定 ........................................ 11 5 排肥器的选型设计 ..................................................... 11

5.1 排肥器的性能要求 ................................................ 11 5.2 选用排肥器的种类和特点 .......................................... 12 5.3 排肥量的计算 .................................................... 13

6 开沟器的选型设计 ..................................................... 13

6.1 开沟器的性能要求 ................................................ 13 6.2 现有开沟器的种类和特点 .......................................... 13 6.3 开沟器的选型 .................................................... 14 6.4 开沟器结构参数的确定 ............................................ 14

6.4.1 入土角α的确定 ............................................ 14 6.4.2 切土角β的确定 ............................................ 14 6.4.3 铲翼张角γ的确定 ......................................... 14 6.4.4 开沟器外形尺寸的确定 ...................................... 14 7 输种管的选型设计 ..................................................... 15

7.1 输种管的性能要求 ................................................ 15 7.2 输种管的选型 .................................................... 15 7.3 输种管参数的确定 ................................................ 15

7.3.1 输种管的直径 .............................................. 15 7.3.2 输种管的倾斜度与长度 ...................................... 16 8 覆土器的选型设计 ..................................................... 16

8.1 覆土器的种类和特点 .............................................. 16 8.2 覆土器的选型 .................................................... 16 8.3 覆土器性能结构参数的确定 ........................................ 16

9 镇压轮的选型与设计 ................................................... 17

9.1 镇压轮的使用条件 ................................................ 17 9.2 设计要求 ........................................................ 17 9.3 结构设计 ........................................................ 17

10 行走轮的选型设计 .................................................... 18

IV

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10.1 行走轮的设计要求 ............................................... 18 10.2 行走轮的结构 ................................................... 18 10.3 行走轮的安装 ................................................... 18 10.4 行走轮转速的计算 ............................................... 19

11 结论与建议 .......................................................... 19

11.1 结论 ........................................................... 19 11.2 建议 ........................................................... 20

参考文献 ................................................................ 20 致谢 .................................................................... 21

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