高考英语资料包(4)

强调间接宾语顺序为：动词 + 直接宾语 + to + 间接宾语。 eg: Show this house to Mr. Smith. Mr.

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D、宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。 （一）名词/代词宾格 + 名词

The war made him a soldier.战争使他成为一名战士. （二）名词/代词宾格 + 形容词

New methods make the job easy.新方法使这项工作变得轻松. （三）名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语

I often find him at work.我经常发现他在工作. （四）名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式

The teacher ask the students to close the windows.老师让学生们关上窗户. （五）名词/代词宾格 + 分词

I saw a cat running across the road. I saw a cat running across the road. E、同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如：

We students should study hard. (students是we的同位语，都是指同一批?学生‘）

We all are students. (all是we的同位语，都指同样的?我们‘） F、插入语：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。

The story, I think, has never come to the end./我相信,这个故事还远没结束.

情态词,表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状语）:perhaps也许,maybe大概, actually实际上,certainly当然，等。

G、分词独立结构：分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词独立结构。

例：错句：Studying hard, your score will go up.

正确：(1) Studying hard, you can make your score go up. 或 (2) If you study hard, your score will go up.

解析：错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语，则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，既your score . 显然做study的应是人，不应是your score（分数）. 正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致( 同为you );正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了).分词独立结构常省略being, having been.不过?There being...‘的场合不能省略.如： Game (being) over, he went home. He stands there, book (being) in hand. 独立结构还可用with、without引导，作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词，还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。如：

With nothing to do, he fell asleep soon.无事可做，他很快就睡着了。

The teacher came in, with glasses on his nose.老师进来了，戴着一付眼镜。

用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：

I hope you are very well. I\'m fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I\'m helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat.

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We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn\'t often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.

用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（—）、状语（＝）、补语（～）：

Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time. These parties often make us very happy. We cook meat on an open fire outside. It\'s great! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion. Some of my friends drink beer. I don\'t, because I have to drive home after the party. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States. There are five different time areas in the States. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time. How many different time areas do you have in China? Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my best regards to your parents.

高考英语语法考点聚焦 二 名词 一、考点聚焦

1.可数名词单、复数变化形式 （1）规则变化。

① 单数名词词尾直接加-s。如：boy — boys, pen — pens。

② 以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。如：glass — glasses, box— boxes, watch — watches, brush — brushes。 特例：stomach — stomachs。

③ 以―辅音字母 + y‖结尾的变―y‖为―i‖再加―-es‖。如： baby — babies, lady — ladies, fly — flies。

④ 以―o‖结尾的多数加-es。如：tomato — tomatoes, potato — potatoes, hero — heroes。但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。 如：radio — radios, zoo — zoos, photo — photos, piano — pianos, kilo — kilos, tobacco — tobaccos。

⑤ 以―f‖或―fe‖结尾的名词复数形式变―f‖或―fe‖为―v‖，之后再加-es。如：wife — wives, life — lives, knife — knives, wolf— wolves, self — selves, leaf — leaves等。特例：handkerchief— handkerchiefs, roof — roofs, chief — chiefs, gulf — gulfs, belief — beliefs, cliff — cliffs。

⑥ 改变元音字母的。如：man — men, mouse — mice, foot — feet,

woman — women, tooth — teeth, goose — geese, ox — oxen。特例：child — children。

⑦ 复合名词的复数形式。

（A）在复合词中最后名词尾加-s。如：armchair — armchairs, bookcase — bookcases, bookstore — bookstores。

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