2012专升本词汇与语法模拟练习（含解析）(5)

12. custom, habit

custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot. 13. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 14. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson

作\课\解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 5

16. speech, talk, lecture

speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on… 17. officer, official

officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer 18. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job 19. couple, pair

couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers 20. country, nation, state, land

country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家 The whole nation was sad at the news. 21. cook, cooker

cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook. 22. damage, damages

damage不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金 $900 damages 23. police, policeman

police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house. 24. problem, question

problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用 25. man, a man

man人类，a man一个男人 Man will conquer nature. 26. chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious. 27. telegram, telegraph

当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph 28. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip

29. sport, game

sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则 His favorite sport is swimming. 30. price, prize

price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low

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