纯电动汽车动力系统参数匹配及性能分析

J I A N G S U U N I V E R S I T Y 本 科 毕 业 论 文

纯电动汽车动力系统参数匹配及性能分析

Battery Electric Vehicle Power-train System Parameters Matching

and Performance Analysis

学院名称： 汽车与交通工程学院 专业班级： 交通运输 学生姓名： 指导教师姓名： 指导教师职称： 讲师

2012 年 6 月

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目 录

第一章 绪论·······························································6

1.1 电动汽车研发的意义··················································6 1.2 电动汽车的结构和特点················································8 1.3 研究技术的关键·····················································10 1.4 本研究的意义·······················································10 1.5 本研究的主要内容···················································11

第二章 电动汽车系统的组成··············································12

2.1 电动汽车的基本组成部分·············································12 2.1.1 车载电源·························································12 2.1.2 电池管理系统·····················································13 2.1.3 驱动电动机和驱动系统·············································13 2.1.4 控制技术·························································14 2.1.5 车身及底盘·······················································15 2.1.6 安全保护系统·····················································15 2.2 本章小结···························································16

第三章 电动汽车传动系·················································17

3.1 差速半轴设计方案···················································17 3.2 电动轮设计方案·····················································17 3.3 传动系的选择·······················································18 3.4 本章小结···························································19

第四章 参数计算与设计···················································20

4.1 总述·······························································20 4.2 传动比的定·························································23 4.3 电机参数的设计····················································24 4.3.1 电动机的功率确定················································24

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4.3.2 电动机最大输出转矩的计算········································25 4.3.3 电动机额定转矩的计算············································25 4.3.4 电动机加速性能计算··············································26 4.4 电池参数的确定····················································28 4.5 本章小结··························································29

第五章 整车仿真模型的建立··············································30

5.1 Cruise简介························································30 5.2对电机模型的建立···················································31 5.3对电池模型的建立···················································32 5.4对整车模型的建立···················································34 5.5 本章小结··························································36

第六章 仿真结果的分析···················································37

6.1 整车仿真结果分析··················································37 6.2 电机仿真结果分析··················································38 6.3 电池仿真结果分析··················································39 6.4 本章小结··························································41

第七章 电动汽车未来发展的展望·········································43 结论·······································································45 致谢·······································································46 参考文献··································································47

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纯电动汽车动力系统参数匹配及性能分析

专业班级：交通运输0601 学生姓名：吴越 指导老师：盘朝奉 职称：讲师

摘要 电动汽车是解决当前能源短缺和环境污染问题可行的技术之一。电动汽车是由车载

动力电池作为能量源的零排放汽车。近些年来，电动汽车的研制热潮在全世界范围内兴起，逐步向小批量商业化生产的方向发展。电动汽车技术的发展依赖于多学科技术的进步，尤其需要解决的问题是进一步提高动力性能，增加续驶里程，降低成本。考虑开发经费和开发周期，建立计算机仿真模型对电动汽车的性能进行仿真分析是有意义的。

本文主要研究整车的动力性匹配计算，主要的参数设计。选择并设计出一种切实可行的纯电动汽车的动力系统设计方案。按照动力性能要求，运用汽车理论相关知识进行传动系统主要参数设计与匹配计算。通过对设计方案的模拟，进行方案的动力性计算。得到计算结果后，选择了某型电机作为我们参照的对象。建立电机仿真模型，然后再在Cruise软件里构建了循环工况试验环境、最大爬坡度实验环境和全负荷加速试验环境。完成环境建构后，便可进行仿真实验。在得到仿真的结果后，文章对整车在仿真实验中产生的结果进行了阐述和分析。通过分析发现，被选择的电机并不能够满足该型电动汽车的加速能力要求，但是可以满足该型电动汽车的爬坡能力要求。然后，依据比对电动机进行的台架试验所获得的转速--扭矩数据，分析了电机无法满足设计要求的原因，进而验证了Cruise仿真结果的可靠性。

最后，对电动汽车未来发展进行展望，对于安全、环保的节约型社会电动汽车发展必将成为发展的趋势。

关键词： 电动汽车 传动系 参数匹配 仿真

论文

Battery Electric Vehicle Power-train System Parameters Matching and Performance

Analysis

Abstract EV（Electric Vehicle）is an available technique solving the energy crisis and environment

pollution. EV is the 0-emission vehicle powered by vehicle battery. These years, the wave of the research of the EV is springing up all around the world, and EV has developed into the small-scale production for business. The developments of EV depend on the development of a variety of sciences and techniques, especially for the dynamic performance and driving range improvements, and costs reduction. In consideration of development cost and time, the establishment of simulation model can contribute to the performance analysis of EV.

This thesis researches the method of calculation of dynamic system matching, and the design of some important parameters. We choose and design an available plan of EV power-train system. Following the dynamic requires, with the knowledge referred to the automobile theories, we do the design of important parameters from dynamic system and matching calculations. By the simulation of the design, we start the dynamic system calculations. After getting the results of calculations, we choose one model electromotor as what we reference. The simulate model of electromotor is established, then the cycle run experiment\\climbing performance experiment\\acceleration of all gears without slip experiment are established in Cruise. After the finish of experiments environment establishment, we can start the simulation experiments. And the analysis is taken after we get the results of the experiments then. Through the analysis, we know that the chosen electromotor cannot meet the requirement of acceleration but can meet requirements of the climbing performance. Then we compare the results with the Rev-Torque data we got from the test bench, we get the reason why the electromotor cannot meet the requirements of design, and this process proves the reliability of Cruise.

Key words EV transmission power-train matching simulation Cruise

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