2019年高考英语一轮复习北师大版学案：Unit 8 Adventure 必修3(3)

preparation for their journeys the next year.

在1910～1911年的南极夏季期间，两个探险队为准备第二年的旅行组建了食品储存处。

in preparation for?? ?为(做)某事做准备 (be) in preparation (2)prepare vt. vi. prepare to do sth. prepare (sb.) for sth. (3)prepared adj. 在准备中 预备；筹备；调制；为……做准备 准备；预备；作准备 准备做某事 (使某人)为某事做准备 有准备的，事先准备好的 ?? ? be/get ready for/to do sth.愿意做某事；为(做)某事做好准备 [多角练透] 单句语法填空

①The children had been prepared to_show (show) me their latest projects. ②The best preparation (prepare) for tomorrow is doing your best today. 完成句子

③The teacher is_preparing_the_reviewing_quiz,_while the students are_preparing_for it. 老师正在准备复习测试题，而学生正在为测试做准备。

④In_preparation_for the 2020 Olympic Games, he trains hard every day. 为备战2020年奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。 ⑤We'll

do

everything

in

our

power

to

help

you,

but

you

must

get_prepared_to_meet_all_kinds_of_difficulties. 我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。 ⑥Mrs. White is busy making_preparations_for her daughter's wedding. 怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。

6．aim n．目标，目的；瞄准 vi.& vt.瞄准；对准；针对；旨在；(向某方向)努力 [经典例句] Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims.(牛津P36) 要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。 [练牢基点] 写出句中aim的含义

①They're aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.(向某方向)努力 ②Before the hunter could take aim, the deer jumped out of sight.瞄准 ③Our aim is to make the students' speech comprehensible.目标，目的 ④This anti-smoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers.针对 [系统考点]

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(1)take aim at with the aim of (2)aim sth. at sb./sth. aim at doing sth./aim to do sth. be aimed at (3)aimless adj. aimlessly adv. [练通重点] 单句语法填空

向……瞄准 以……为目标；旨在…… 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物 意欲/企图/旨在做某事 目的是；旨在 无目的的 无目的地 ⑤I'm aiming to_lose (lose) 4 kilograms before the summer holidays.

⑥They will start their project, aiming at helping (help) the poor children to be educated in the west of China.

⑦Don't argue aimlessly (aim). Let's sit down and talk things over. ⑧The visit was aimed at expanding relations between the two countries. 完成句子

⑨She visited the school with_the_aim_of seeing the library. 她参观学校的目的是看看图书馆。

⑩Slowly he raised his bow and began to take_aim_at the bird. 慢慢地他举起弓，开始瞄准那只鸟。 7．observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝

[高考佳句] Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.(2014·北京高考)

在实验室做实验时，要仔细观察是否有变化发生。 [练牢基点] 写出句中observe的含义

①Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守 ②He made a telescope through which he could observe the stars.观察

③Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？庆祝 [系统考点]

(1)observe sb.do/doing sth. observe sth.done observe a rule observe the law (2)observer n. observation n. under observation 看到某人做了/正在做某事 看到某事被做 遵守规则 遵守法律 观察者 观察；观察力；观测 在观察中，在监视中 12

[练通重点] 单句语法填空

④She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite side of the way. ⑤He is often observed to_cheat (cheat) at cards. 完成句子

⑥All the citizens should observe_the_law without exception. 所有的公民都要守法，没有例外。

⑦The police decided to put him under_observation because he looked dangerous. 因为他看起来很危险，所以警察决定监视他。

[名师指津] observe作“观察；注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.-ing形式作宾语补足语；但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。

8．limit vt.限制；限定 n．界限；边界；限度

[高考佳句] The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)

文章的长度应限制在四百词左右。 (1)limit ... to ... (2)set a limit to/on ... within the limits of ... within limits without limit (3)limited adj. be limited to sth. [多角练透] 单句语法填空

①He was born in a poor family, and only received limited (limit) education in his childhood. ②There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to serving (serve) the people. ③I've been asked to limit my speech to ten minutes maximum. 完成句子

④Within_the_limits_of legal rights, people are free to do as they please. 在法律权限范围内，人们可以自由地做他们高兴做的事。 ⑤We must set_a_limit_to the expense of the trip. 我们必须为此次旅游费用定一个限额。

⑥Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without_limit. 生命有限，知识无涯。

把……限定在……范围内 对……规定限度 在……范围内 在一定范围内；有限度地 无限地 有限的 受限制于某物 13

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.

2．He stopped in confusion (confuse) as everyone turned to look at him. 3．When I passed his house, I observed him playing (play) in his yard. 4．How will you use the limited (limit) time you have? 5．Neither should we embrace online voting aimlessly (aimless) nor can we deny it completely.

6．Changing schools did make a difference (differ) to my life. 7．So far large quantities of information have_been_stored (store) in the computer. 8．The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the upcoming Christmas party. Ⅱ.单句改错

1．Confusing by the question, the boy turned to his teacher for further explanation.Confusing→Confused

2．The thief was observed open the window and run away. observed后加to 3．People who can speak English are at the majority in this country.at→in

4．A large quantity of money have been collected to help those suffering from the floods.have→has 5．The

team

have

been

training

hard

in

preparations

for

the

big

game.preparations→preparation

Ⅲ.句型转换/一句多译

1．A large quantity of water has been polluted already, which makes the river around the village smell terrible.

→Large quantities of water have been polluted already, which makes the river around the village smell terrible.

2．美国人和中国人在时间的处理上非常不一样。

①Americans_and_Chinese_differ_in_managing_time.(differ in) ②Americans_differ_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(differ from) ③Americans_are_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different) 3．汤姆正在学习，为下次考试做准备。

①Tom_is_studying_in_preparation_for_the_next_examination.(in preparation for)

②Tom_is_studying_to_make_preparations_for_the_next_examination. (make preparations for)

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4．为了通过驾照考试，他努力训练。

①He trained hard with_the_aim_of_passing_the_driving_test. (with the aim of) ②He trained hard, aiming_at_passing_the_driving_test.(aim at) ③He trained hard, aiming_to_pass_the_driving_test.(aim to do sth.)

二、过短语、句式——学通学活靓人一眼

1．take off起飞；脱去(衣服)；开始成功；休假；匆匆离去

[经典例句] When he saw me coming he took off in the opposite direction.(牛津P2059) 他见我走过来便赶快转身走了。 [一词多义] 写出句中take off的含义

①She got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work.脱掉 ②Hurry up. The plane will take off in about half an hour.起飞

③Congratulations, Paulo! Now maybe you can take a few days off.休假 ④After his third film, his career of film performance took off.开始成功 [归纳拓展] take over take in_ take up take on He was homeless, so we took him in. 他无家可归，我们便收留了他。

I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time. 对不起，我占用了你这么多宝贵时间。

(天津高考满分作文)There will be many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that I'll take on the burden.

尽管前面有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。

2．get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路、河等) [教材原句] It's difficult to get across how exciting it is! 要讲清楚这是多么令人兴奋的事并不容易！ [归纳拓展]

①get across_to (sb.)/get sth.across_to (sb.) ②get away from ③get down_to (doing) ④get through 被传达/理解；把……讲清楚 逃离；远离；避开 开始认真处理/对待，开始(做) 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完；通过 接任，接管；接收；取得主导地位 吸收，理解；受骗；接待 拿起；占据；对……有兴趣；开始从事 呈现；雇用；承担 15

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