cost as the basis for the legitimacy of the tender evaluation is based on legitimate and effective to ensure that the scientific and reasonable price. The market for the tender offer, the basic price of the provision of social services, and create an environment for fair competition.
（4） Phase of the project implementation, cost management can not be ignored. Project implementation stage is a stage of building products, the entire process of building the project cost management is also the most difficult, most complicated stage. In addition to this stage of the passage of time with the other construction costs, a large number of investment funds through the construction of this part of the \the ultimate form of fixed assets, and investment projects. Effective cost control can be a good adjustment of the contracting parties and interests, namely the owners to reduce the input costs and increase the project's profit, but also to standardize the construction of the contractor. As a project cost advisory body, the actual operation in strict accordance with the owners agreed to assist the analysis of the claims handling matters, clearly define the responsibilities in the timely submission of counter-claims, to restore the unnecessary loss of the contract and the provisions have been agreed, calculated each time changes caused by Cost changes for the control of owners provide the basis for investment decisions.
（5）Clearing stage is the completion of construction projects truly reflect the price of the product, is also the terminus of construction cost management. The stage should carefully examine the pre-clearing, more than one operator works out of high fixed sets, Takatori, are not realistic and visa, unreasonable technical measures such as increasing the cost should be based on the information available price information, on review Whether or not to raise prices of materials; should strengthen contract management,
implementation of the contract itemized review system so that the project cost through a legally binding contract to identify and control; In addition, the completion of the project delivery, to conduct post-project evaluation,
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according to the original Rules, analysis and comparison project scope, progress and the changes in the cost, sum up experience, and cost information collated entry computer, so that future use.
2.Effective control of the principles of project cost
To the planning stage, the design stage as the focus of the entire process of construction cost control. Project cost control throughout the entire process of building projects, but must be focused. Clearly, the project cost control is the key to the project before the implementation of the investment decision-making and design phase of the project to make investment decisions, project cost control is the key to the design. According to some western countries analysis, design fee is generally equivalent to lifetime cost of all construction projects of less than 1%, but this is less than 1 percent of the cost of the construction project cost to the impact of more than 75 percent, thus, important that the design stage Sexual. However, for a long time, China's generally ignored the project phase of the preparatory work for cost control, project cost control are often the main focus on the construction phase - review of budget plans and reasonable settlement of the purchase price Jianan. This approach, while also effective, but is, after all, \measures\shift the focus to control the project's initial stage of construction - the planning stage and the stage of design.
Active Control, in order to obtain satisfactory besults. Since the eardy 1970s, the people vill control theory, system theory and research results for project management, will be controlled based on the decisions taken in advance of active measures to reduce and avoid as much as possible0the target value and acdual value of the deviations from this Is an active, positive control method, known as the active control. In other words, the project cost control, not only to reflect the investment decision-making, reflecting the design, contracting and construction, passive control project cost, more dynamic to
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the impact of investment decisions, the impact of design, contracting and construction and taje the initiative to control project cost. Cost of dhe project to identify and control between interdependenae and mutual restraint, the ddtermination of the project cost control project cost is the basis and the carrier. At the same time, cost control resides in the project cost determine the whole process of determining the cost of the process that is cost control process.
Technology and economic integration of project cost control is the most effective means. In the process of building projects, technology and the organic integration of economic, technological, economic analysis and evaluation, correctly handle the advanced technology and economic strength between the unity of opposites relations, and strive to achieve the advanced technology and reasonable under the conditions of the economy , On tha basis of reasonable economic advanced technology, the project cost control to infiltrate into the concept of the design and construction techjology measures. Project Management Project Cost control is an effective way. Construction supervision system is highly developed market economy, constrection project management professional and social level continuously improve the `roduct. Construction supervision of the mission, organization and management from the perspective of science and to take measures to ensure the construction project cost goals, objectives and time limit to achieve a reasonable quality objectives for the owners seek the best input and output. Practice has proved that the engineering supervision of the project cost control is an effective way.
3.Various stages of the project cost control
Decision-making phase of project cost control. The planning phase of the project cost, many owners have the wrong understanding that the cost of the lower the better. Cost control is not a unilateral issue, and should be a multi-factor problem, should be integrated engineering practice, considering. In the investment decision-making phase of construction projects,
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the project's technical and economic decision-making, the project cost and the economic benefits of the project when completed, has a decisive role in project cost control is an important stage, rationally determine the cost of the project and control the direction of the exact location And building optimization of guiding role.
The design phase project cost control. The design phase is the construction of intent from investors to the idea of the changing reality of a critical stage, the design phase of the project cost control is a key link. From the following aspects of project cost control: the design implementation of the tendering system, strengthen supervision of the design phase, determine a reasonable design, mature technology, to reduce the construction phase of major design changes and programmes of change in the effective control of the works Cost will play a role. An engineering design, if the Commissioner of participation into the project, excluding unfavorable factors may generally be excluded 80 percent of the error. In the entire process of construction cost control, the start of construction at best can only invest 20 percent savings, the key lies in the cost of construction period to identify and control. Commissioner of the design phase of work: Design Institute under the provision of design drawings and notes to help owners examine different design options for the economy, develop the preliminary capital expenditure plan to ensure that the investment will be the most effective use of support Owners of the Commissioner of work: Design Institute under the provision of design drawings and notes to help owners examine different design options for the economy, develop the preliminary capital expenditure plan to ensure that the investment will be the most effective use of the owners meet The different design options, the need to work out their own materials and equipment to conduct a cost analysis and research, design and cost proposals to assist them in the investment limit within the limits designed to reduce investment. To seek a one-time small investment and economic good design, the most rational economic indicators.
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The use of optimal design principles. At the design stage to reduce the use of value engineering cost 25 percent ￣ 40 percent, with notable results. Also known as value engineering value analysis, is a modern scientific management techniques, is a new technical and economic analysis, through analysis of the product's features to save resources and reduce the cost of the purpose of an effective method. It made up for the cost of traditional management that simply reduce costs and improve quality management always stressed that the quality of the deficiencies and is conducive to resolving the long-term construction period long, waste, poor quality, high cost of the problem. Value Engineering laws generally carried out in three steps: assessing the design of targeted technical scores and scores of economic calculation of the design object technology index and economic index, calculated each design object of the geometric mean, from which to compare, choose the best design .
Construction of the tender stage project cost control. Construction of the tender stage of the project cost control should be accurate grasp of design drawings, construction projects through the analysis of the specific circumstances of the units and pre-qualification of bidders, preparation of tender documents, works basic price determined through Pingbiaodingbiao, select the successful bidder units, and to determine the contract price . Reasonably sure of is the basic price of the tender stage of the project cost control an important way of determining the basic price is often incomplete because of the design, material changes, or the market price because of the constantly changing and difficult to have an accurate value. When these happen, you can use fuzzy identification, fuzzy clustering analysis, computer simulation technology (Monte Carlo simulation) Three mathematical methods, the project cost to more accurately determine.
The construction phase project cost control. Project implementation phase of the project cost control can proceed from the following: careful review of the contract price and volume list, the basic unit prices and other relevant
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