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本科生毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）

题 目：热水锅炉电气控制系统设计

学生姓名：

学 号： 3

专 业：自动化

班 级：0

指导教师：师

热水采暖锅炉电气控制系统设计

摘要

锅炉是工业生产或生活采暖的供热源，按其供热的方式分为蒸汽和热水两种。前者主要用于发电、工业生产及间接供热；后者主要用于生活供暖和生活热水。

电气控制系统一般称为电气设备二次控制回路，为了保证锅炉系统一次设备运行的可靠与安全，需要有许多辅助低压电气设备为之服务。这些设备要有以下功能： (1)自动控制功能：高压和大电流开关设备的体积很大，一般都采用操作系统来控制分、合闸，特别是当设备出故障时，需要开关自动切断电路，要有一套自动控制的电气操作设备，对供电设备进行自动控制。 (2)保护功能：电气设备与线路在运行过程中会发生故障，电流(或电压)会超过设备与线路允许工作的范围与限度，这就需要一套检测这些故障信号并对设备和线路进行自动调整(断开、切换等)的保护设备。 (3)监视功能：电是眼睛看不见的，一台设备是否带电或断电，从外表看无法分辨，这就需要设置各种视听信号，对一次设备进行电气监视。 (4)测量功能：监视信号只能定性地表明设备的工作状态(有电或断电)，如果想定量地知道电气设备的工作情况，还需要有各种仪表测量设备，测量线路的各种参数，如电压、电流、频率和功率的大小等。

关键词：锅炉系统、、低压电气设备、电机、变频器

I

Hot water heating boiler electrical control system design

ABSTRACT

Heating of the boiler is the industrial production or the life of the heating source, according to the heating way is divided into two kinds of steam and hot water. The former is mainly used for power generation, industrial production, and indirect heating; The latter is mainly used for heating and living hot water of life.

Electrical control system is generally referred to as the secondary control circuit of the electrical equipment, in order to guarantee a boiler system equipment running reliability and safety, need many low auxiliary electrical equipment for the service. The equipment should have the following functions: (1) automatic control function: the volume of a high voltage and large current switch equipment is very big, generally USES the operating system to control points, closing, especially when the equipment is out of order, need to switch to cut off the circuit automatically, to a set of automatic control electric equipment operation, automatic control of power supply equipment. (2) protection function: electrical equipment and line that breaks down in the process of running, the current (or voltage) is beyond the scope of equipment and line allowed to work with, which requires a set of detecting the fault signal and automatically adjust for equipment and lines (disconnected, switch, etc.) the protection of the equipment. (3) the monitoring functions: electricity is invisible to the eyes, whether a device is charged or blackout, outwardly is unable to distinguish, it is need to set up all kinds of audio and video signals, electrical monitoring on a device. (4) measurement functions: monitoring signals can only be qualitatively show that the working state of the equipment (electricity or without electricity), if you want to know quantitatively the performance of the electrical equipment, also need to have all kinds of gauge measuring equipment, measuring circuit of the

II

various parameters, such as the size of the voltage, current, frequency and power, etc.

Key words: boiler system, low voltage electrical equipment, motor, frequency converter

III

目录

摘要 ............................................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. II 第一章 锅炉系统 .................................................................................................................... 1

1.1锅炉系统概况 .............................................................................................................. 1

1.1.1锅炉的分类 ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2锅炉设备配置 ................................................................................................... 2 1.2锅炉设备工艺要求 ...................................................................................................... 3

1.2.1 热水锅炉供暖系统简介................................................................................... 3 1.2.2 锅炉及部分辅机设备的功能 ........................................................................... 4 1.2.3 锅炉运行中的有关参数................................................................................... 5 1.2.4锅炉工作的基本过程........................................................................................ 7 1.2.5锅炉供暖系统主要包括的两个控制任务 ........................................................ 8 1.2.6锅炉燃烧控制系统的任务主要 ........................................................................ 8

第二章 电气控制线路设计 .................................................................................................. 10

2.1常用的控制线路的基本回路的组成 ......................................................................... 10 2.2 常用电气图举例 ....................................................................................................... 11

2.2.1点动控制线路 ................................................................................................. 11 2.2.2连续运转控制线路（自锁） .......................................................................... 11 2.2.3两地控制线路 ................................................................................................. 12 2.3 热水采暖锅炉辅机电气图设计................................................................................ 12

2.3.1设计控制系统的要求...................................................................................... 12 2.3.2 各辅机电气图设计 ........................................................................................ 13

IV

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