come短语,before,when(2)

7. not long before译为“不久将”、“不用多久就”、“快”

I hope it will not be long before we meet again.

希望我们不久再相见。

It will not be long before the despot comes to his end.

暴君的末日快到了。

8. before译为“以免”、“以防”

Put down her telephone number before you forget it. 把她的电话号码写下来，免得忘了。 It is vital that scientists should perceive the danger now before it is too late. 重要的是，科学家们现在就应该觉察到这种危险，以免为时过晚。

It will be three months before I can come home.

三个月以后，我才能回家。

It was three years before I could come home.

三年以后，我才回到家里。

另外还有一些情况应灵活处理 9. before译为“……以后，才” 10.

The guerrillas would fight to death before they surrendered.

游击队员宁愿战死，也绝不投降。

Look before you leap.

三思而后行。

11. 值得注意的是，before的下面这种结构常会引起误译

It was 27 December before we reached Xi'an and already the Young Marshal had flown his captive back to Nanjing.

［误译］我们12月27日还未到达西安之前，少帅已经用飞机将他的俘虏送回南京了。 ［正译］我们12月27日才到达西安。那时少帅已经用飞机将他的俘虏送回南京了。 But everyone was soon ordered to leave the site because of severe new avalanche hazards, and it was Monday before they could return.

［误译］大家很快接到了撤离的命令，因为严重的雪崩即将来临，他们星期一以后才回来。

［正译］大家很快接到了撤离的命令，因为严重的雪崩即将来临，但他们直到星期一才回来。

这样的句型，外国人一目了解，而中国人却很难看出其中的奥妙，问题在于对it is＋时间before-clause这一结构的正确理解。该结构相当于it is not until＋时间＋before-clause. before这时应译为“直到……才”。如以上两个例句可改写为：

It was not until 27 December that we reached Xi'an, and already the Young Marshal had flown his captive back to Nanjing.

But everyone was soon ordered to leave the site because of severe new avalanche hazards, and it was not until Monday that they could return.

由上可见before的译法极为复杂，具体情况应在具体的语境中分析其语法和逻辑关系而定，同时译者应能熟练使用汉语，才能在汉语中找到恰当的译语。

When

并列连词 when 和引导时间状语从句的从属连词 when 是不同的。这主要表现在以下几个方面：

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