虚拟语气的用法总结
语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类:
(1)陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。如 We are ready. What a fine day it is!
(2)祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。如 Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点:
1. 主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形(或be)如 Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here.
2. 有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es如 You be quiet. He stand up.
3. 祈使语气可以用do加强语气如 Do come to see this Sunday.
4. 在Let’s 的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you 如 Let’s go out for a walk after supper,shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you?
5. 祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。如 Think hard and you will have a good idea.
(3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如 If I were you, I should study English.
一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法
条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如 If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气,列表如下:
例如:If he were here, everything would be all right.
If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled.
有时候省略if,采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词(不包括行为动词)移到从句的句首。例如:
百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读,免费范文网,提供经典小说教育文库虚拟语气用法总结在线全文阅读。
相关推荐: