新时代交互英语读写译1-4中国文化部分翻译全集(11)

中南大学英语考试翻译部分内容

Song Dynasty (960AD—1127AD) after a long period of development. The chessboard is a rectangular board that is 9 lines wide by 10 lines long. Composed of marshal or general, advisors (scholar or official), civil officials (elephant or minister), military officers (chariots, horses and cannons), and soldiers (soldiers or pawns), Chinese chess is Chinese social institution and culture in miniature. It is also one of the four most popular chess games in the world, the other three being Chinese Weiqi, the games of chess, and shogi (or general’s chess).

4二十四节气

中国古代的先民们，根据太阳在黄道（即地球绕太阳公转的轨道）上的位置，将一年均分为二十四个等分，并分别赋予具有特定含义的专有名称，如春分、清明等，这便是二十四节气。二十四节气以黄河流域气候为背景，把自然季节现象与农事活动的相互联系作为内容列入历法，用以指导农业生产。它是中国古代先民们发明的一种独特而伟大的历法。

The 24 Solar Terms The ancient Chinese divided a year into 24 equal segments according to the positions of the sun on the ecliptic. Names were given with special connotations for these segments; such as vernal equinox (occurs on March 20 or 21) and pure brightness (occurs on April 4, 5, or 6); and hence they are called the 24 Solar Terms. Originating from the Reaches of the Yellow River, the 24 Solar Terms are basically

a calendar to govern agricultural arrangements which takes into account the changes in climate and practical agricultural needs. The 24 Solar Terms are considered a great and unique creation of the ancient Chinese.

5中国书法

中国古代四大艺术“琴棋书画”的“书”特指书法。它是用毛笔书写篆、隶、楷、行、草等各体汉字的艺术。中国书法在技法上讲究笔法、墨法、章法等，其艺术的和谐之美体现在字里行间。隶书的蚕头燕尾，楷书的中规中矩，草书的龙飞凤舞，行书的潇洒飘逸，可谓异彩纷呈，千姿百态。中国书法体现了中华民族豪爽大气、端庄含蓄的特点。

Chinese Calligraphy

The four ancient Chinese artistic forms are called guqin,chess,penmanship, and painting; and penmanship particularly refers to Chinese calligraphy. Chinese calligraphy id a kind of art using a brush to write seal script, official scrip, regular script, cursive script, grass script, and other various writing styles of Chinese characters. The writing techniques of Chinese calligraphy are highlighted by the manner of using a brush, the way ink is used, the art of composition, and so on. Its harmonious beauty of art is reflected in between the lines. Chinese calligraphy exhibits its beauty in different poses, such as the uniquen ess of the official script’s “silkworm head and swallow tail,” the regular script’s requirement to “stick to the norm and rules,” the characteristic of grass script’s “flying dragons and dancing phoenixes,” and the distinctive “natura l grace” of the cursiv e script. Chinese calligraphy reflects the personality of Chinese people’s straightforwardness, dignity, and reticence.

6中国古琴

中国古代四大艺术“琴棋书画”的“琴”特指古琴，亦称瑶琴、玉琴、七弦琴，是中国古老的一种弹拨乐器。据《史记》记载，琴的出现不晚于尧舜时期。为区分于西方乐器，现被称作“古琴”。古琴依风之身形而制并命名各部位，反映出儒家的礼乐思想及中国人所重视的和合性。Chinese Guqin

As one of the four art forms (namely guqin, chess,penmanship, and painting) in ancient china, guqin is a kind of plucked string instrument which is also known as

yaoqin, yuqin and qixianqin. According to Chinese history book Shih Chi, qin

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