第四节 形近词辨析
1. affect [?'fekt] V.影响、假装
effect [i'fekt] n.结果、效力 V.产生、导致 2. illusion [i?lju:??n] “幻觉,错觉” delusion [di?lu:??n] “欺骗,迷惑” 3. avert [??v?:t] “防止,避免”。 avoid [??v?id] “回避,逃避” 4. impel [?m?pel] “推动,驱使,激励” compel [k?m?pel] “强迫,胁迫,迫使”。
5. complement [?k?mplim?nt] “补足(物),补全”,“补足语”。 compliment [?k?mplim?nt] “恭维话,赞辞,敬意”; Your presence is a great compliment. 承蒙光临,不胜荣幸。
6. council [?kaunsl] “议事机构”,委员会; a cabinet council内阁会议。 counsel [?kauns?l] “商议,劝告”; follow sb's counsel close牢记某人忠告。
7. defective [d??fekt?v] (having a fault or flaw)“有缺陷的”。
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deficient [d??f???nt] (lacking in what is needed)“不足的”; be deficient in欠缺。
8. discreet [dis?kri:t] “考虑周到的,慎重的”。 discrete [dis?kri:t] “分离的,分裂的”
9. distinctive [d??st??kt?v] “有特色的”,“独特的”; distinct [dis?ti?kt] “清楚的,明显的”
10.evoke [i?v?uk] “唤起,引起”;evoke admiration引起羡慕。
invoke [?n?v??k] “祈求(神灵)保佑,乞灵于”,行使(法权);The shaman invokes the spirits of their ancestors. If our case fails in the national courts we will invoke the European Declaration on Human Rights. 11.infer [in?f?:] “猜想,臆测”,“推断”; infer a motive from an effect从效果推知动机。 imply [im?plai] “含有……的意思”;
Do you realize what his words imply?你领会他说话的含意吗? I do not imply that you are wrong.我的意思不是说你错了。 12.incredible [in?kred?bl] “不可相信的,难以置信的”; incredible energy惊人的能量,精力。
incredulous[?n'kred??l?s] “不相信的,表示怀疑的”; be incredulous of hearsay不相信道听途说;
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an incredulous look怀疑的目光。
13.intense [in?tens] “激烈的,强烈的”,“紧张的”
an intense light强烈的灯光;intense heat酷热;an intense life奋发图强的生活。 intensive [in?tensiv] “加强的,集中的”;“深入细致的,彻底的”; an intensive bombardment密集炮击;an intensive study彻底的研究;an intensive reading精读(extensive reading泛读)。
14. historic [his?t?rik] famous in history, 历史上著名的
historical [his?t?rik?l] belong to history 历史上的
15. electrical [i'lektrik?l] worked by, changed with, 用电的,带电的, 有电的
electric [i'lektrik] 电的
16. economic [??k??n?mik] 经济的
economical [??k??n?mik?l] careful in the spending of money 经济的,节俭的
17. industrial [in?d?stri?l] of industries 工业的
industrious [?n?d?stri:?s] hard-working 努力的~ people 18. considerable [k?n?sid?r?bl] great much 相当多(大)的
considerate [k?n?sid?rit] thoughtful 体谅的, She is ~ to others.
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19. sensible [?sens?bl] reasonable, 实用的, 明智的 sensitive [?sensitiv] quick to receive 敏感的
20. respectable [r??spekt?b?l] deserving respect, 值得尊敬的,有名望的 respectful [r??spektf?l] showing respect 尊敬人的,有礼貌的, respective [ris?pektiv] belongs to each of these 分别的,各自的
21. intelligent [in?telid??nt] having, showing intelligence, clever 有才智的, 聪明的
intelligible [in?telid??bl] clear to mind, that can be easily understood. 易了解的, 易领悟的
intellectual [??nti?lektju?l] possessing a great deal of knowledge 知识的, 智力的
22. contemptible [k?n?tempt?b?l] deserving contempt 可卑的 contemptuous [k?n?tempt?u:?s] showing contempt 表示轻视的 23. credible [?kred?bl] that can be believed 可信的, 可靠的
credulous [?kred??l?s] too ready to believe things. 轻易相信的, 易上当的 creditable [?kred?t?b?l] that brings credit. 可称赞的 24. beneficial [?beni?fi??l] 有益的
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beneficent [bi?nefis?nt] 多多行善的 25. potent [?p?ut?nt] 强有力的 potential [p??ten??l] 潜在的, 可能的 26. social [?s?u??l] 社会的 sociable [?s?u??bl] 善社交的 27 .childish [?t?a?ld??] 幼稚的 childlike [?t?a?ld?la?k] 孩子般的
28. distinct [dis?ti?kt] clear 明显的, 清晰的 distinctive [d??st??kt?v] characteristic 独特的, 有区别的 29. classic [?kl?sik] 一流的 classical [?kl?sik?l] 古典的, 经典的
30. comprehensible [?k?mpr??hens?b?l] 可理解的 comprehensive [?k?mpri?hensiv] 全面的, 综合
31. disinterested [d?s??ntr?st?d, -??nt??rest?d] 公平的 uninterested [?n??ntr?st?d, -t?r?st?d, -t??rest?d] 冷淡的
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