基于PLC的变频恒压供水设计

常州信息职业技术学院

学生毕业设计（论文）报告

系 别： 电子与电气工程学院 专 业： 电气自动化 班 号： 电气101 学 生 姓 名： 学 生 学 号： 1005093123 设计（论文）题目： 基于PLC的变频恒压供水设计 指 导 教 师： 王露 设 计 地 点： 海太半导体（无锡）有限公司 起 迄 日 期： 2012.12.25-2013.6.9

常州信息职业技术学院

毕业设计（论文）任务书

专业 电气自动化 班级 电气101 姓名

实践单位名称： 海太半导体（无锡）有限公司 实践岗位名称： OP 岗位职责： 将上道工序流下来的半成品通过操作机器对sub板进行金线焊接，然后自己抽部分sub板检查一遍，没问题后流到下道工序。 岗位能力要求： 掌握基本的英语单词、细心、耐心、吃苦耐劳 一、课题名称： 基于PLC的变频恒压供水设计 二、主要技术指标（或基本要求）

利用可编程控制器（PLC）与变频调速装置构成的控制系统，来实现对泵组控制的调速运行，且能自动调整泵组的运行台数，以实现供水压力的闭环控制，即根据实际设定水压自动调节水泵电机的转速和水泵的数量，自动补偿水量的变化，以保证供水管网的压力保持在设定值，既可以满足生产供水要求，还可节约节能，使系统处于可靠工作状态，实现恒压供水。在恒压供水系统中，采用变频调速技术，改变电动机转速调节流量的方法，不但可以很好地实现恒压供水，而且具有高效节能效果，采用PLC控制技术，系统具有灵活性和可靠性。 三、主要工作内容：

1、硬件部分：该系统是由4台水泵（其中3台主水泵和1台辅助水泵）、一台变频器、一台PLC、一个远传压力表及一些辅助部件构成。 2、软件部分：PLC编程结合PID算法实现对水泵及变频器等器件的控制。 3、对于泵、变频器、PLC等的选型。 4、变频恒压供水系统方案硬件设计和软件设计 。 四、主要参考文献：

[1]赵光.西门子S7-200系列PLC应用实例详解 北京：化学工业出版社.2010 [2]彭小红、刘国东.基于PLC的变频调速恒压供水系统的设计[M]. 软件技术. 2004 [3]卢建勤.PLC及变频器在恒压变频供水系统中的应用[M]. 机床电器. 2005.4 . 学 生（签名） 年 月 日 指 导 教师（签名） 年 月 日 教研室主任（签名） 年 月 日

系 主 任（签名） 年 月 日

常州信息职业技术学院

毕业设计（论文）开题报告

设计（论文）题目 变频恒压供水系统的设计 一、选题的背景和意义： 随着社会经济的迅速发展，人们对供水质量和供水系统可靠性的要求不断提高，同时存在着水、电供应不足的压力。在传统的供水装置中，往往水泵的选取是由最大供水的容量来确定的，但是实际的供水量是时刻变化的，从而导致供水压力不稳、水泵效率低、导致氺资源的浪费。这样就要求设计出更好的供水系统。这些系统利用先进的自动化技术、控制技术以及通信技术，能够设计出高性能、高节能、能适应不同领域的恒压供水系统。 本系统的设计为PLC控制的变频供水系统，通过PLC进行逻辑控制，由变频器进行压力调节。经PID运算，PLC进行控制变频与工频切换，从而使闭环自动调节恒压进行变量供水。这种系统设计具有压力稳定，结构简单，工作可靠等特点。它在居民生活用水系统得到应用，在节能和供水质量方面取得了较好效果。 二、课题研究的主要内容： 利用PLC与变频调速装置构成的控制系统，来实现对泵组控制的调速运行，而且能够自动控制调整泵组的运行台数，来实现供水压力的闭环控制。即根据实际设定水压自动调节水泵电机的转速和水泵的数量，自动补偿水量的变化，以保证供水管网的压力保持在设定值，既可以满足供水要求，也能节约节能，使系统处于可靠工作状态。 三、主要研究（设计）方法论述： 1、 该系统由一台变频器拖动多台水泵电机变频运行。压力传感器采样管网压力信号经PID处理传送给变频器，变频器根据压力大小调整电机转速，改变水泵性能曲线来实现水泵的流量调节，保持管网压力恒定。 2、 研究PLC与PID算法中的应用。 3、 讨论PLC 与变频器的连接。 4、 变频调速恒压供水的硬件设计与软件设计。

常州信息职业技术学院

四、设计（论文）进度安排： 时间（迄止日期） 2012.12.25~2012.12.31 2013.1.1~2013.1.10 2013.1.11~2013.1.31 2013.2.1~2013.2.10 2013.2.11~2013.2.22 2013.2.23~2013.3.23 2013.3.24~2013.4.1 2013.4.2~2013.5.25 2013.5.26~2013.6.9 五、指导教师意见： 指导教师签名： 六、系部意见： 系主任签名： 工 作 内 容 与指导老师共同制定相关指导措施、联系方法、确定好课题 收集资料并按要求撰写任务书和开题报告 整理出论文的系统方案 系统硬件电路设计 选择设备的选型 整理出论文软件的框架 进行软件的编程 进行论文初稿的撰写 定稿，完成毕业设计

常州信息职业技术学院

基于PLC的变频恒压供水设计

目录

摘要 Abstract

第1章 前言 ······················································································································· 1 第2章 系统的发展及其意义 ···························································································· 2 2.1 课题的背景和研究的意义 ································································································· 2 2.2 变频恒压供水系统的国内外研究现状 ·········································································· 2 第3章 系统的理论分析及控制方案确定 ······································································· 4 3.1 变频恒压供水系统控制方案的选择 ················································································· 4 3.2 PLC概述 ·································································································································· 5 3.3 变频恒压供水系统的理论分析 ·························································································· 6 3.3.1电动机的调速原理 ············································································································ 6 3.3.2变频恒压供水系统的节能原理 ···················································································· 7 第4章 系统的整体设计方案 ························································································· 11 4.1 变频调速恒压供水系统构成及原理 ································································· 11 4.2 系统要求实现的功能 ························································································ 12 第5章 系统的硬件设计 ································································································ 14 5.1 系统主要设备的选型 ·························································································· 14 5.1.1变频器的选型 ································································································ 14 5.1.2可编程序控制器选型 ···················································································· 15 5.1.3水泵及其电动机的选择 ················································································ 16 5.1.4压力传感器的选择 ························································································ 16 5.2 系统电路设计 ······································································································ 16 5.2.1主电路图 ········································································································ 16 5.2.2控制电路图 ···································································································· 17 5.2.3 PLC与变频器的外部接线图 ········································································ 18 第6章 系统的软件设计 ·································································································· 19 6.1 系统程序功能图 ·································································································· 19 6.2 系统程序设计分析 ······························································································ 21 6.3 系统程序梯形图设计 ·························································································· 22 第7章 系统PID的调节 ·································································································· 27 7.1 PID调节过程分析 ······························································································· 27 7.2 PID在系统实际中的应用 ··················································································· 28 第8章 结束语 ················································································································· 29 参考文献 答谢辞

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