商务口译

Introduction（绪论）

Unit 1

ProtocoI Routine（迎来送往）

Long—term Preparation（长期准备） Unit 2

Ceremonial Address（礼仪致辞） Short—term Preparation（短期准备） Unit 3

Dinner Party（晚宴聚会） Active Listening（积极听入） Unit 4

Business TraveI（商务旅行） Discourse Analyzing（语篇分析） Unit 5

Business Interview（商务访谈） Note Taking（Ⅰ）（口译笔记1） Unit 6

Business Advertisements（商务广告） Note Taking（Ⅱ）（口译笔记2） Unit 7

Business Presentations（商务陈述） Note Taking（Ⅲ）（口译笔记3） Unit 8

Enterprise Introduction（企业介绍） Retelling（复述） Unit 9

Enterprise Culture（企业文化） Public Speaking（公开演讲） Unit 10

Marketing & Promotion（市场营销） Paraphrasing（一句多译） Unit 11

Business Negotiation（商务谈判） Figures Interpreting （数字口译） Unit 12

Business Meeting（商务会议） Idioms Interpreting（成语口译） Unit 13

Investment＆Profits（投资利润） Fuzzy Interpretation（Ⅰ）（模糊表达1） Unit 14

Business Policy（商务政策） Fuzzy Interpretation（Ⅱ）（模糊表达2） Unit 15

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International Exhibition（国际会展） Fuzzy Interpretation（Ⅲ）（模糊表达3） Unit 16

Public Relations（公共关系） Sight interpreting《视译练习） Unit 17

Business Strategy（商务策略） Shadowing（影子跟读） Unit 18

Transportation & Logistics（交通物流） Quality Assessment （质量评估）

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Unit Four

Business Travel

Unit Objectives (单元目标) After reading this unit, you should ? understand the ways to identify the main ideas of the source text. ? find ways to improve your interpreting skills and performance. ? master the basic words and expressions about business travel. ? know some cultural background knowledge about business travel.

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Preparing I. Interpreting Skills (口译技能)

Read the following presentation about discourse analysis and try to understand the four speech types and know how to identify the main ideas of the source text. Then complete the following task: 1. Listen to the passage, “My first day in New York”, and answer the following questions: 1). When did the author first arrive in the US? 2). What did the author do on the way to his hotel? 3). Where did the author get something to eat after his friend had left? 4). Why couldn’t he have what he really wanted at the restaurant? 5). What did the author do after dinner? 2. Listen to the passage again and try to catch more details, and then retell the story in your own words. Decoding Training (II): Discourse Analysis（语篇分析）

Interpreting is to “understand and make understood”. To interpret the speech, one must first understand the message of the speech. However, comprehension（理解）of the source discourse goes beyond the simple recognition of words and linguistic structures. The interpreter shall make an analysis of the source discourse. More importantly, the interpreter shall identify（识别）the speech type and know how to identify the main ideas of the original speeches.

Identification of the Speech Types

Speeches are diversified serving different occasions and purposes. It will be of great help to the interpreters if they know the speaker’s style. In most cases, speeches are prepared beforehand. Therefore, a study of the different types of writing helps an interpreter identify the main idea of a given speech. Following are the basic types of writing.

1. Descriptive Writing

Descriptive（描述性的）writing involves a great deal of detailed information. A descriptive discussion aimed at providing details of an event, a scene, a procedure, or a situation. This speech type demands a thorough background investigation of the speaker and the relevant situation by the interpreter.

2. Narrative Writing

Narrative（叙述性的）writing focuses on the development of events. There is no doubt that the interpreter should be very sensitive to dates, time phrases, and verb tenses when a narrative speech is dealt with.

3. Expositive Writing Expositive（说明性的）writing deals with its subject matter in such orders as chronological, spatial, comparison, and definition. It would be to the advantage of the interpreter to conduct a background investigation of the speaker and the situation, for that would provide the interpreter with not only the

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necessary glossary but also the speaker’s standpoint（立场）.

4. Persuasive Writing Persuasive（劝说性的）writers always want to make their arguments clear, strong and convincing. When the purpose is to convince, writers of persuasive writing mainly employ two techniques -- induction（归纳）and deduction（推论）. Inductive writing starts with specific examples or points to draw a general conclusion, while deductive writing illustrates its thesis at first and then supports and reinforces the thesis through specific examples or subordinate ideas.

Identification of the Main Ideas

In the context of interpreting, the main ideas of the source speech can be identified at the sentence level and at the discourse level. Priority should always be attached to identifying the main idea at the sentence level. We argue that identification of main ideas be done on the basis of sentences. Training in identifying the main ideas in interpreting should naturally take place first at the sentence level.

1. Sentence Level

The most important task for an interpreter to identify the main ideas at the sentence level is to discern (洞悉） the subject, verb and object (SVO). It is highly significant for the interpreter to catch the SVO of the sentence while listening to the source text, as the SVO usually carries the major information of the sentence. For example, when listening to “The best way to carry money while traveling is to have a major credit card”, the interpreter is expected to catch “The best way is to have a credit card.” If the interpreter is able to catch the SVO of the sentence, he then will produce a complete sentence with the major information in the target language.

2. Discourse Level

There are also some skills an interpreter might employ on different occasions for grasping the gist（要点）of a speech at the discourse level. In a well-organized speech, the speaker usually explains his point in the first few sentences. Therefore, one of the ways to get the main idea of a speech is to attach priority to the beginning of the speech. Secondly, if the interpreter encounters a speech that is inductively constructed, the interpreter should, to the best of their ability, conduct a study of the speaker's background and viewpoints so that they can follow the speaker's logical guidelines.

II. Phrase Interpreting (短语口译)

Work on the following words and phrases. Interpret them into Chinese and English respectively. A. English to Chinese

1. Have a population of… 2. Cover an area of… 3. Date back to… 4. Have a history of…

5. Be situated in… 6. The gross domestic product 7. Dive-in restaurant 8. Quarantine certificate 9. Duration of stay 10. Residence permit

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