2018高考英语北师大版必修四：：Unit12 Culture Shock(2)

1．owe v．欠(账、钱、人情等)；归因于；归功于 (1)owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.

owe it to sb.to do sth. (2)owing to

(1)I owe the garage $20 for the new tyre. 因那个新轮胎我欠汽车修理厂20美元。 (2)He owes a great deal to his publishers. 他对他的出版商感激涕零。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空

(1)Anyhow，I owe a favour you. (2)I owe to your contribution that our brand has taken off. (3)You owe apology for what you said. (4) (owe)to bad weather，the flight was delayed for a couple of hours. 答案：(1)to (2)it (3)an (4)Owing

2．absorb v．吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并 (1)absorb one's attention absorb ...from ... (2)be absorbed in be absorbed by/into

(1)International affairs absorb his attention. 他专心研究国际问题。 (2)She was absorbed in the book. 她专心于这本书。

[注意] 表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus one's attention on，devote ...to，concentrate one's mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等

[即学即练] (1)完成句子

①With the development of science and technology，the surrounding villages (被……吞并)the growing city.

②Zhang Lei's attractive voice

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欠某人某物；把……归功于……

(为了感谢某人)应该做……，有义务做…… 由于

吸引某人的注意 从……中吸收…… 全神贯注于 被……吞并(吸引)

(吸引了很多音乐爱好者的注意力)at The Voice of China.

(2)句型转换

Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.

① that he forgot to inform her of it.(改为含so ...that ...的倒装句)

② ，Tom forgot to inform her of it.(用过去分词短语作状语) 答案：(1)①have been absorbed by/into ②has absorbed many music lovers' attention (2)①So absorbed was Tom in his work ②Absorbed in his work

3．exchange n．交换；互换；交流；兑换；v.调换；交换；交流；兑换 (1)exchange A for B exchange sth. with sb. (2)in exchange (for)

拿A换B 与某人交换某物 作为(对……的)交换

(1)I wish to exchange it for another camera or declare a refund. 我希望可以换一台相机，否则我要求退款。

(2)He exchanged a quick smile with her and then entered the lift. 他和她匆匆相视一笑，然后走进了电梯。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空

(1)It's believed that God offers to exchange what he has what we have.

(2)I've offered to paint the kitchen exchange a week's holiday. (3)We students should often exchange ideas our parents，who are rich in experience，and above all，love us most in the world.

答案：(1)for (2)in；for (3)with

4．attach vt.喜欢，依恋；系，固定；附上，贴上 (1)attach ...to ... 到……上，

在……上

attach oneself to attach to sb./sth. attach importance to (2)be attached to

(1)She has attached herself to the band. 她已加入了那个乐队。

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把……固定

把……附

参加；和……在一起 与……有联系，与……有关联 重视；认为……重要 依恋，爱慕，附属于

(2)This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby. 这所医院附属于附近的那所医科大学。 [即学即练] 语段填空

Yesterday I received a letter from my good friend.A very beautiful stamp (1) (被贴在……上)the envelope.My friend is studying in a middle school (2) (附属于)Beijing University.She (3) (认为……重要)her lessons and is working hard at them and hopes I'll study hard，too.

答案：(1)was attached to (2)attached to (3)attaches importance to 5．belong vi.适应；属于 (1)belong to (2)belongings n. belong vi. 员，合得来

(1)Poetry written from the perspective of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.

以都市年轻人的视角写的诗歌往往反映他们因为缺乏归属感而产生的焦虑。 (2)All the members belonging to the club should take part in this activity. 俱乐部的所有成员都应参加这次活动。

[注意] belong不可用进行时，也不可用被动语态，但常用belonging to作定语。 [即学即练] 单句改错

(1)He took away the suitcase not belonged to him by design.

(2)China is a developing country that belonging to the third world at present.

答案：(1)belonged→belonging (2)去掉that或belonging→belongs 6．request vt.&n.要求；请求 (1)request sb.to do sth. request sth.from sb.

request that ...(should)do ... 要求…… (2)at one's request＝at the request of sb.

(1)You are kindly requested not to smoke. 请不要吸烟。

应某人的要求

请求某人做某事 向某人要求某物

所有物，行李；财物

成为集体的一属于

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(2)He requested a loan from a bank yesterday. 昨天他向银行申请了贷款。

[注意] 动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为“(should＋)动词原形”。

[即学即练] 单句语法填空

(1)The headmaster attended our evening party our request. (2)He made a request another application. (3)The spokesman requested that people present(should) (keep)quiet. 答案：(1)at (2)for (3)keep

7．spot n．斑点；污渍；地点；场所；v.看见；发现 (1)on the spot (2)be spotted with spot sb.doing ...

(1)She has a white dress with blue spots. 她有一件白底蓝点的连衣裙。

(2)I finally spotted my friend in the crowd. 我终于在人群中发现了我的朋友。 [即学即练] (1)单句语法填空

①He spotted his friend (talk)with someone in the distance.

②The young man，who was the only man the spot，was told to set down what he saw.

(2)单句改错

①The thief was spotted run away from the entrance to the building.

②His trousers spotted with ink.

答案：(1)①talking ②on (2)①run→running ②spotted前加were 8．get used to习惯于 used to do sth. 事

be used to do sth.

be/get accustomed to(doing)sth.

被用来做某事 习惯于(做)某事

过去常常做某

满是……的斑点 发现某人做……

当场；在现场

When he was young，he used to go there on foot.Now he has got used to going there by

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bike，though his bike is used to pick up his grandson sometimes.

当他年轻时，他常常步行去那里。现在他已经习惯骑自行车去那里，尽管有时候他的自行车要被用来接他的孙子。

[即学即练]

用use短语的适当形式填空

He (1) be tired of the dog barking at midnight，but now he has (2) it，for the dog (3) guard his courtyard. 答案：(1)used to (2)got used to (3)is used to 9．bring an end to结束，制止 come to an end 结束，告终

bring ...to an end?

? 使……结束；终结……

put an end to ...?

at the end of ... 在……结束时；最终

(1)Only through political solution could we put an end to the violence. 只有通过政治上的解决方案我们才能结束暴力。 (2)The meeting didn't come to an end until 12 o'clock. 会议直到12点才结束。

[注意] (1)在end的习语bring an end to，put an end to，come to an end中，用an不用the。(2)bring an end to sth.可以转化为bring sth.to an end，但put an end to不可改为put ...to an end。

[即学即练] (1)介、副词填空

①Ready or not，some day all will come an end.

②Our teacher runs over the main points the end of each lesson. (2)句型转换

We're sure to bring an end to air pollution in this area. ①We're sure to in this area. ②We're sure to air pollution in this area. 答案：(1)①to ②at (2)①bring air pollution to an end ②put an end to

1．Decide where to go on holiday with a friend. 定好和朋友到哪儿度假。

“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。

(1)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。

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