基于freescalehcs12系列单片机的结晶器振动控制系统位移数据采集(2)

内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）

基于Freescale HCS12系列单片机的结晶器振动控制系统

——位移数据采集

摘 要

结晶器是现代钢铁企业炼钢工艺的关键设备。钢水在结晶器中进行一次水冷，使其形成坯壳。最初的连铸机结晶器是静止的，在拉坯工程中极易与结晶器壁发生粘结，从而导致拉不动和拉漏事故，因此静止不振动的结晶器限制了连铸生产的工业化。结晶器按合适的规律进行振动能保证出料均匀，减少拉坯摩擦力，促使保护渣按一定的规律和节奏即使填充到结晶器和坯壳之间，形成一定厚度的润滑层，从而达到防止初生坯壳与结晶器之间粘结而被拉裂。不难看出结晶器的振动位移对整个连铸过程起着至关重要的作用。

针对上述问题，课题提出了一种基于Freescale HCS12系列单片机的结晶器振动位移数据采集系统。本文详细介绍了系统结构框图、硬件原理图及软件流程图等。硬件部分主要使用了MC9S12DG128芯片、AD7367等。软件部分采用C语言进行编程。由传感器发出的电流信号通过电流/电压转换芯片变成0~10V电压信号，经过AD7367转换成数字信号，送入单片机，进行滤波、标度变换等处理，然后由串口发出，并用上位机接收显示。

关键词：结晶器；Freescale单片机；AD7367；数据采集

V

内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）

Study of Continuous Casting Mould Oscillating Based on the Freescale

HCS12 MCU -- Data Acquisition Displacement

Abstract

In the modern iron and steel enterprises, Mould Oscillating is the key steelmaking process equipment. After awater-cooled molten steel in the mold form a green shell. The initial mold continuous casting machine is fixedly in the works .It can easily make the Mould felt with casting mold occur,and it may bring on pull leakage incidents. it does limit the vibration of a continuous casting mold of industrialized production . If the Mould is in accordance with the laws of the right vibration it will ensure uniformity of the material, and in a certain degree reduce the friction of the casting. It make the protecting liquid in accordance with the laws and rhythms, even if filled to the shell mold and the billet between the formation of a certain thickness of the lubrication layer.So as to achieve the prevention of new-born billet mold shell and pulled between the adhesive and crack. It is not difficult to see that the vibration displacement of Mold plays a vital role in the entire continuous casting process.

In response to these problems, the design put forward a Mould mold vibration displacement data acquisition system based on the Freescale HCS12 MCU. It gives the system block diagram, schematic diagram of hardware and software flow chart, It uses some of the major hardware like MC9S12DG128 chip, AD7367 and so on. Software program uses C language.The sensor send out current signal and the signal through the current / voltage converter chip into a 0 ~ 10V voltage signal. After it thread AD7367 and conversion into digital signals. In the single-chip the signal would be filted, transformed and then sent by the serial port.At last the data is received and show by the epistatic machine. Key words: Vibration； Freescale MCU；AD7367； Data acquisition

VI

内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）

目 录

摘 要 ....................................................................................................................................... V Abstract .................................................................................................................................... VI 第一章 序言 .............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 连铸结晶器振动技术的发展及现状 ......................................................................... 1 1.2 课题研究目的及内容 ................................................................................................. 3

1.2.1 课题研究目的 .................................................................................................. 3 1.2.2 课题研究内容 .................................................................................................. 3

第二章 结晶器技术简介 .......................................................................................................... 4

2.1 结晶器技术简介 ......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 结晶器结构和功能 ..................................................................................................... 5 第三章 嵌入式系统简介及HCS12单片机 ............................................................................ 7

3.1 嵌入式系统简介 ......................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Freescale单片机 .......................................................................................................... 8

3.2.1 Freescale单片机 ............................................................................................... 8 3.2.2 Freescale HCS12系列单片机 ........................................................................ 10

第四章 硬件设计 .................................................................................................................... 11

4.1 整体电路设计 ........................................................................................................... 11 4.2 MC9S12DG128单片机简介 ..................................................................................... 12

4.2.1 MC9S12DG128单片机的封装结构和引脚功能 .......................................... 14 4.2.2 MC9S12DG128 MCU最小系统 .................................................................... 16 4.3 模数转换器件AD7367 ............................................................................................ 18

VII

内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）

4.4 系统串口通信 ........................................................................................................... 20

4.4.1 串行通信的基本概念 .................................................................................... 21

4.4.1.1异步串行通信的格式 .......................................................................... 21 4.4.1.2串行通信的波特率 .............................................................................. 22 4.4.1.3 奇偶校验 ............................................................................................. 22 4.4.1.4串行通信的传输方式 .......................................................................... 23 4.4.2 RS-232C的引脚功能 ..................................................................................... 23

4.4.2.1 RS-232C的引脚功能 .......................................................................... 23 4.4.2.2 电平转换 ............................................................................................. 24 4.4.3 电平转换芯片MAX202 ................................................................................ 24

第五章 软件设计及调试 ........................................................................................................ 25

5.1 程序总体设计 ........................................................................................................... 25 5.2 详细程序设计 ........................................................................................................... 27

5.2.1 AD采样程序的软件设计 ............................................................................... 27 5.2.2 滤波程序设计 ................................................................................................ 27 5.2.3 标度变换程序设计 ........................................................................................ 28 5.2.4 延时子程序 .................................................................................................... 28 5.2.5 串口程序设计 ................................................................................................ 29 5.2.6 软件调试 ........................................................................................................ 30

第六章 结论 ............................................................................................................................ 31 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 32 附录A 程序源程序 ................................................................................................................ 34 附录B 硬件原理图 ................................................................................................................ 38

VIII

内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）

致 谢 ...................................................................................................................................... 39

IX

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