建筑外文翻译,毕业论文专用(3)

关于建筑的外语文章

dust seems energetic there.

What constitutes contemporary architecture in China?Apart from the massive design institutes,which sometimes number over 1000 persons,contemporary Chinese architects have established individual,designcentric practices that explore the notion. Difficult to characterize as a group without running the risk of oversimplification,nevertheless they deal with certain common questions,including the question of authenticity in a multipartite,multivalent world.

Contemporary architects in China could be characterized as using bold,geometric forms for new construction,though few firms other than the Beijing Architect Ma Yansong and his partners at MAD architects in Beijing reflect the recent Western tendencies toward biomorphic form-making—a tendency encouraged by computer technology.their concern for sustainability,so hyped in the rest of the world,resides in more traditional building technologies and strategies,such as solar orientation,building mass,screening,and natural ventilation,rather than the active ,elaborate systems that characterize European or American design.An evident engagement with landscape characterizes many of new projects,such as in the work of the firm Urbanus,based in Shenzhen and Beijing,in which hillsides flow around or even into the human-built structures,and roofs sometimes serve as additional habitable planes.

Building materials (the "Fa" of professor Wu's discourse) inevitably help to define the appropriate architecture for time and place,none with greater force or combined distinction than stone.Architects like Liu Jiakun extensively employ the use of stone.Ma Qingyun has employed smooth river stones,stacked vertically,in the wall.The cumulative summary of this iterative process serves to create a tactile,sensory response:it creates the desire to touch.Collected into a walled courtyard,the stone wall abstracts nature while making it actual and present,merging the elements of nature with human interaction and art.Yet architects in China must be constantly aware of variables of construction,where refinement of detail must sometimes give away to overall effect,depending on the abilities and budgets of their clientele,and the abilities and budgets of their clientele,and the abilities of their craftspeople.

To Western eyes and sensibilities,the question of authenticity in Chinese architecture suggests tectonic and formal solutions,including the choices of building materials.Some architects seem to be in dialogue with Chinese traditions:Wang Shu,whose architecture hits at the heart of cultural memory,sometimes combines glazed ceramic tiles in a random pattern within masonry walls that varies in coloration from tobacco brown to celadon to light blue.Roofing tiles at the National Academy of Art in Hangzhou,massed and arrayed in horizontal strips above fenestration,provide shade from direct sunlight while recalling memories of the past culture.Material trumps reality.

At the scale of the neighborhood,Xu Tiantian has expanded the residential alternatives for artists in Beijing at the Songzhuang Artist Residence.When the arts movement threatened to overwhelm the 798 district,many artists chose to move.the architect ZhuPei has worked within the fabric of the disappearing hutong,adding new structures to the pre-existing context.

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