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The Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige (help·info)) is a Nordic country in Scandinavia. It is bordered by Norway in the west, Finland in the northeast, the
Skagerrak Strait and the Kattegat Strait in the southwest, and the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia in the east. It is connected to Denmark in the southwest by the Oresund Bridge.
Sweden has a low population density except in its metropolitan areas, with most of the inland consisting of forests. The country has large natural resources of water, timber, and iron ore. Its citizens enjoy a high standard of living in a country that is generally perceived as modern and liberal.
Following the end of the Viking Age, Sweden became part of the Kalmar Union together with Denmark and Norway (Finland at this time was a part of the Swedish kingdom). Sweden left the union in the beginning of the 16th century, and more or less constantly battled its neighbours for many years, especially Russia and the still united
Denmark-Norway, which never completely accepted Sweden leaving the union. In the 17th century Sweden extended its territory through warfare and became a Great Power, twice its current size. By 1814 Sweden had lost its empire as well as Finland, previously an integral part of the Kingdom of Sweden. Since 1814, Sweden has been at peace, adopting a non-aligned foreign policy in peacetime and neutrality in wartime.
Sweden has been a major European exporter of iron, copper and timber since the Middle Ages. However, improved transportation and communication allowed it to utilize natural assets from different parts of the country on a far larger scale, most notably timber and iron ore. Economic liberalization as well as universal schooling contributed to the rapid industrialization and by the 1890s the country had begun to develop an advanced
manufacturing industry. In the 20th century a welfare state emerged. Today, the country is defined by social-liberal tendencies and a strong national quest for equality, and usually ranks among the top nations in the UN Human Development Index.
在瑞典,一切社交场合都要遵循一定的规范和传统,而这些传统又具体表现为如鞠躬、握手和问好等正式礼仪上。
All social occasions in Sweden are regulated by rules and traditions. And these traditions are expressed in a specific ritual made up of formal bows, handshakes, and greetings. 每当有客人来访,瑞典人一成不变的问候是"欢迎您!";而等客人离开时,主人也会告诉他"欢迎您再来。"
When a visitor enters a Swedish home, he is invariably received with a "Welcome"; when he leaves, his host will tell him "You will be welcome again."
这些可爱的字眼成为瑞士人社会生活中牢不可破的一部分,它们给这种生活抹上了一层昔日礼节的优雅风度。
These charming phrases are an indestructible part of Swedish social life and they give it an old-world flavor of good manners.
同样引人注意的是瑞典人对现代技术设备的接受。
Equally attractive is the Swedish acceptance of modern technological equipment.
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