exercises(4)

element of the compound as indicated.

well- -woman -wide -minded self- -related -proof -conscious -based

well-: well-behaved, well-qualified -woman: sportswoman, chairwoman

-wide: nationwide, college-wide -minded: strong-minded, narrow-minded

self-: self-taught, serf-image -related: work-related, age-related

-proof: water-proof, fire-proof -in-law: mother-in-law, sister-in-law

home-: home-made, home-baked half-: half-empty, half-forgotten

-conscious: profit-conscious, status-conscious -based: campus-based, process-based

Tell how the parts in each of the following groups are related to the meanings of the compound.

a. hotline, mainline, redneck, darkroom b. bookshelf, breadbasket, mailbox, wineglass c. letterhead, roadside, keyhole, hilltop

-in-law home- half-

d. dropout, go-between, turnout, standby

e. bad-tempered, clear-headed, long-sighted, heavy-hearted f. grass-green, sky-blue, snow-white, milk-white

Read the following sentences; try to mark the part of speech of the word ―up‖.

Can you lift that box up onto the shelf for me? We climbed slowly up the hill.

Is something up with Julie? She looks really miserable. Without saying another word, he upped and left.

Charlie seems to be on an up at the moment. I hope it lasts. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.

a. Conversion refers to the use of words of one class as that of a different class.( )

b. Words mainly involved in conversion are nouns, verbs and adverbs. ( ) c. Partial conversion and full conversion are concerned with adjectives when converted to nouns. ( )

d. Such words as the poorer, the departed, a Republican are all examples of partial conversion. ( )

e. The conversion between nouns and verbs may involve a change of stress. ( )

f. An alternative for conversion is functional shift. ( )

What is the difference between partial and full conversion? Explain them

with examples.

What are the words in the following examples that stem from conversion? Are they instances of partial conversion or complete conversion? 1. Please hold on. Sudden stops are sometimes necessary. 2. No butts – stub it, bin it!

Pick out the words which you think are converted in the following sentences and explain how they are converted. a. We can‘t stomach such an insult. b. Robert Acheson roomed right next to me. c. He wolfed down his lunch. d. There is no come and go with her. e. I‘m one of his familiars. f. Poor innocents! g. She flatted her last note.

h. The engineers ahed and ouched at the new machines. i. Come to the fire and have a warm.

j. Is Bill Jackson a has-been or a might-have-been? k. He Hamleted at the chance and then he regretted for it. l. These shoes were an excellent buy.

m. He turned his head and smoothed back the hair over one temple. n. Women have an equal say in affairs at home.

o. They lifted their rifle butts and hit him in the small of the back.

p. The song quickly became the hit of the country. q. We must train ourselves to distinguish right from wrong. r. They braved a 40-below-zero snowstorm to rescue the farm cattle. Keys: a. stomach (n → v) b. roomed (n → v) c. wolfed (n → v) d. come, go (v → n) e. familiars (a → n) f. innocents (a → n) g. flatted (a → v) h. ahed, ouched (iht → v)

i. warm (a → n) j. has-been, might-have-been (v → n) k. Hamlet (n → v) 1. buy (v → n) m. smoothed (a → n) n. say (v → n) o. small (a → n)

p. hit (v → n)

q. right, wrong (a → n) r. braved (a → v)

Pick out the words which you think are converted in the following sentences and explain how they are converted.

1. At once the villagers formed a circle and stated moving around me, singing to the accompaniment of a kora. 2. I name this ship Titanic.

3. Agamemnon with the rest of the Greek army sailed away in their ships at night.

4. A few years ago the landlady locked the front door and installed a bell and buzzer system, which made burglary more difficult though not impossible.

5. An upstairs tenant, who happened to be looking out of his window, came running down, questioned the men and demanded their identification.

6. The children headed toward school, carrying slates and followed by their dogs.

7. Like the trunk of a tree, it rose in the air, branching out as it climbed. 8. They boarded boats and got away, living to tell the tale of the city‘s destruction.

9. The day-t-day effect of dirty air is hard to measure, and most people take it for granted.

10. When these gases mix with fog, smog results. 11. There are a few success stories in battling air pollution.

12. Pollution can be trapped before they pour out of chimneys and a pollution-free car can be built.

13. If nation traded item for item, such as one automobile for 10,000 bags of coffee, foreign trade would be extremely cumbersome and restrictive.

14. His place on the seat was taken almost immediately by a young man, fairly well dressed but scarcely more cheerful than the other. 15. The young man quickly removed any doubt by pocketing the money. 16. Calming down, I convinced myself this was something that had to happen once in a lifetime.

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