交换路由CCIE之路 - MPLS实验2(2)

Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes tag Outgoing Next Hop tag tag or VC or Tunnel Id switched interface 16 16 1.1.1.1/32 0 Se0/0 point2point 17 17 2.2.2.2/32 0 Se0/0 point2point 18 Pop tag 3.3.3.3/32 0 Se0/0 point2point 19 18 4.4.4.4/32 0 Se0/0 point2point 20 20 10.0.12.0/30 0 Se0/0 point2point

删掉最前面标21 Pop tag 10.0.13.0/30 0 Se0/0 point2point 签，转个下一跳 22 21 10.0.24.0/30 0 Se0/0 point2point

23 Pop tag 10.0.23.0/30 0 Se0/0 point2point 24 Untagged 9.9.9.9/32[V] 0 Se0/2 point2point

删掉所有标签，25 Untagged 172.17.9.0/24[V] 0 Se0/2 point2point

26 Aggregate 172.16.58.0/30[V] 0 并查路由表 27 Aggregate 172.16.5.0/24[V] 0

删掉所有标签，28 Untagged 172.16.8.0/24[V] 0 Se0/1 point2point 直接转发给下一29 Untagged 8.8.8.8/32[V] 0 Se0/1 point2point

30 Aggregate 172.17.59.0/30[V] 0 跳路由器 31 Aggregate 172.17.5.0/24[V] 0 会有自己的私网标签，但不可能有对端的。但对端的BGP路由还是会有的 r4# show ip bgp vpnv4 all

BGP table version is 65, local router ID is 4.4.4.4

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path Route Distinguisher: 65000:16 (default for vrf sc)

*> 6.6.6.6/32 172.16.46.2 1000 32768 ? *>i8.8.8.8/32 5.5.5.5 1000 100 0 ? *> 172.16.4.0/24 0.0.0.0 1000 32768 ? *>i172.16.5.0/24 5.5.5.5 1000 100 0 ? *> 172.16.6.0/24 172.16.46.2 1000 32768 ? *>i172.16.8.0/24 5.5.5.5 1000 100 0 ? *> 172.16.46.0/30 0.0.0.0 1000 32768 ? *>i172.16.58.0/30 5.5.5.5 1000 100 0 ? Route Distinguisher: 65000:17 (default for vrf bg)

*> 7.7.7.7/32 0.0.0.0 1000 32768 ?

*>i9.9.9.9/32 5.5.5.5 0 100 0 65001 i *> 172.17.4.0/24 0.0.0.0 1000 32768 ? *>i172.17.5.0/24 5.5.5.5 1000 100 0 ? *> 172.17.7.0/24 0.0.0.0 1000 32768 ?

*>i172.17.9.0/24 5.5.5.5 0 100 0 65001 i *> 172.17.47.0/30 0.0.0.0 1000 32768 ? Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*>i172.17.59.0/30 5.5.5.5 1000 100 0 ?

将VRF中从MP-BGP表导入的路由重发布至PE-CE路由协议 router ospf 10 vrf sc

redistribute bgp 65000 metric 1000 metric-type 1 subnets end

router rip

address-family ipv4 vrf sc

redistribute bgp 65000 metric 5

由于MPLS中没有限制不能将BGP发布进OSPF，所以不用在BGP中用bgp redistribute-intel命令

RT6学到对端路由 r6#show ip route

6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 6.6.6.6 is directly connected, Loopback0

172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks

R 172.16.58.0/30 [120/5] via 172.16.46.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0 C 172.16.46.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0

R 172.16.8.0/24 [120/5] via 172.16.46.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0 R 172.16.4.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.46.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0 R 172.16.5.0/24 [120/5] via 172.16.46.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0 C 172.16.6.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet3/0 8.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R 8.8.8.8 [120/5] via 172.16.46.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0

r7#show ip route

172.17.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 172.17.47.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0 C 172.17.7.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet3/0 7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 7.7.7.7 is directly connected, Loopback0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 172.17.47.1

r8#show ip route

6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O E1 6.6.6.6 [110/1064] via 172.16.58.1, 00:02:35, Serial0/0 172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks C 172.16.58.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0

O E1 172.16.46.0/30 [110/1064] via 172.16.58.1, 00:02:35, Serial0/0

C 172.16.8.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet3/0

O E1 172.16.4.0/24 [110/1064] via 172.16.58.1, 00:02:35, Serial0/0 O 172.16.5.0/24 [110/74] via 172.16.58.1, 00:02:35, Serial0/0 O E1 172.16.6.0/24 [110/1064] via 172.16.58.1, 00:02:36, Serial0/0 8.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 8.8.8.8 is directly connected, Loopback0

r9#show ip route

172.17.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks C 172.17.59.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0 B 172.17.47.0/30 [20/0] via 172.17.59.1, 00:06:32 C 172.17.9.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet3/0 B 172.17.5.0/24 [20/1000] via 172.17.59.1, 00:03:31 B 172.17.4.0/24 [20/0] via 172.17.59.1, 00:06:32 B 172.17.7.0/24 [20/0] via 172.17.59.1, 00:06:02 7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

B 7.7.7.7 [20/0] via 172.17.59.1, 00:06:02 9.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 9.9.9.9 is directly connected, Loopback0

查私网标签

r4#show ip bgp vpnv4 all labels

Network Next Hop In label/Out label Route Distinguisher: 65000:16 (sc)

6.6.6.6/32 172.16.46.2 26/nolabel 8.8.8.8/32 5.5.5.5 nolabel/29

172.16.4.0/24 0.0.0.0 25/aggregate(sc) 172.16.5.0/24 5.5.5.5 nolabel/27 172.16.6.0/24 172.16.46.2 27/nolabel 172.16.8.0/24 5.5.5.5 nolabel/28

172.16.46.0/30 0.0.0.0 24/aggregate(sc) 172.16.58.0/30 5.5.5.5 nolabel/26 Route Distinguisher: 65000:17 (bg)

7.7.7.7/32 0.0.0.0 31/nolabel 9.9.9.9/32 5.5.5.5 nolabel/24

172.17.4.0/24 0.0.0.0 29/aggregate(bg) 172.17.5.0/24 5.5.5.5 nolabel/31 172.17.7.0/24 0.0.0.0 30/nolabel 172.17.9.0/24 5.5.5.5 nolabel/25

172.17.47.0/30 0.0.0.0 28/aggregate(bg) 172.17.59.0/30 5.5.5.5 nolabel/30

r5#show ip bgp vpnv4 all labels

Network Next Hop In label/Out label Route Distinguisher: 65000:16 (sc)

6.6.6.6/32 4.4.4.4 nolabel/26 8.8.8.8/32 172.16.58.2 29/nolabel 172.16.4.0/24 4.4.4.4 nolabel/25

172.16.5.0/24 0.0.0.0 27/aggregate(sc) 172.16.6.0/24 4.4.4.4 nolabel/27 172.16.8.0/24 172.16.58.2 28/nolabel 172.16.46.0/30 4.4.4.4 nolabel/24

172.16.58.0/30 0.0.0.0 26/aggregate(sc) Route Distinguisher: 65000:17 (bg)

7.7.7.7/32 4.4.4.4 nolabel/31 9.9.9.9/32 172.17.59.2 24/nolabel 172.17.4.0/24 4.4.4.4 nolabel/29

172.17.5.0/24 0.0.0.0 31/aggregate(bg) 172.17.7.0/24 4.4.4.4 nolabel/30 172.17.9.0/24 172.17.59.2 25/nolabel 172.17.47.0/30 4.4.4.4 nolabel/28

172.17.59.0/30 0.0.0.0 30/aggregate(bg)

P路由器的转发表是没变化的，它根本就没学到私网路由 r2#show mpls forwarding-table

Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes tag Outgoing Next Hop tag tag or VC or Tunnel Id switched interface 16 Pop tag 1.1.1.1/32 0 Se0/0 point2point 17 Pop tag 3.3.3.3/32 0 Fa1/0 10.0.23.2 18 Pop tag 4.4.4.4/32 573 Se0/1 point2point 19 19 5.5.5.5/32 251 Fa1/0 10.0.23.2 20 Pop tag 10.0.13.0/30 0 Fa1/0 10.0.23.2 21 Pop tag 10.0.35.0/30 0 Fa1/0 10.0.23.2

数据流分析

以RT6去往8.8.8.8为例 r6#ping 8.8.8.8

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 144/200/284 ms

r6#traceroute 8.8.8.8

Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 8.8.8.8

1 172.16.46.1 48 msec 44 msec 32 msec 2 10.0.24.1 168 msec 244 msec 188 msec 3 10.0.23.2 168 msec 296 msec 200 msec 4 172.16.58.1 232 msec 168 msec 200 msec 5 172.16.58.2 280 msec * 152 msec

首先查自己路由表 r6#show ip route

C 172.16.46.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0 R 8.8.8.8 [120/5] via 172.16.46.1, 00:00:20, Serial0/0

去往8.8.8.8走R4,查R4VRF sc路由表 r4#show ip route vrf sc

B 8.8.8.8 [200/1000] via 5.5.5.5, 00:28:30 到8.8.8.8是一条BGP路由，查MP-BGP路由 r4# show ip bgp vpnv4 all

*>i8.8.8.8/32 5.5.5.5 1000 100 查MP-BGP私网标签数据库 r4# show ip bgp vpnv4 all la

Network Next Hop In label/Out label Route Distinguisher: 65000:16 (sc)

8.8.8.8/32 5.5.5.5 nolabel/24

发现出去时没有个BGP分配标签，BGP利用下一跳标签 r4#show mpls forwarding-table

Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes tag Outgoing tag tag or VC or Tunnel Id switched interface 23 21 5.5.5.5/32 0 Se0/0 然后通过标签交换转发

r2#show mpls forwarding-table

Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes tag Outgoing tag tag or VC or Tunnel Id switched interface

21 21 5.5.5.5/32 7390 Fa1/0

r3#show mpls forwarding-table

Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes tag Outgoing tag tag or VC or Tunnel Id switched interface 21 Pop tag 5.5.5.5/32 5659 Se0/1

标签弹出，查私网标签

0 ? Next Hop point2point Next Hop 10.0.23.2 Next Hop point2point

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