New Zealand

New Zealand Page348

There are two major islands in New Zealand. What are the main geological characteristics of each?

The two main islands of New Zealand are the North Island and the South Island.

The North Island: there are many volcanoes and the rich resource of geothermal power. There are also a large number of rivers, most of which are short and swift. Lakes also abound in the North Island, the reason for their formation has to do with volcanoes.

The South Island: the largest of all the islands of New Zealand, but it’s not densely populated as the North Island. The South Island is famous for its more than 260 glaciers and the glacial activities in the Southern Apls has resulted in the formation of many lakes.

What are the most striking features of New Zealand’ climate? New Zealand has mild temperatures, moderately high rainfall, and many hours of sunshine throughout most of the country. Its climate is dominated by two main geographical features---the sea and the mountains. New Zealand has a typical maritime(海洋性气候) climate, affected by the surrounding oceans and its weather is very changeable.

Discuss the reasons why the New Zealand government encourages

people to immigrate to their country?

Maori, the original inhabitants of New Zealand, are the largest non-Europe group. They are a Polynesian people, whose ancestors first settled the islands in about the year of 1100. Their share of the population declined in the 19th century after European colonization of the island. Large-scale Pacific Island immigration began in the 1960s. East Asian immigration dates back to the 1860s, when gold rushed attracted thousands of Chinese to come. Another wave of immigration began in the 1980s by people from East and Southeast Asia.

New Zealand is positive about immigration and is committed to increasing its population by approximately. Page358

What do the words ‘Maori’ and ‘Pakeha’ mean?

The name “Maori” originally meant “the local people” or “the original people”, while the name “Pekeha” is a term used to refer a New Zealand or European descent, or a non-Maori New Zealand.

What’s the difference between dominion and realm?

Before 1949, the term “dominion” was used officially to describe the self-governing countries of the Commonwealth of Nations. This was demonstrated in the proclamation of Queen Elizabeth II’s new titles in

1953, where she was to be called Queen “of her Realms and Territories”, thereby replacing “dominion” with another mediaeval French word with the same connotation, “realm” (from royaume). Today, the former Dominions of the Empire(including the UK) are known as Realms of the Commonwealth.

What does ‘ANZAC’ mean? What is ANZAC Day for?

ANZAC is an acronym for Australia and New Zealand Army Corps, honors the nation’s armed forces that have fought in wars. Page 369

In what way（s）does the legislative branch of New Zealand differ from that of Australia?

The parliament of New Zealand is the legislature of New Zealand. It formally consists of the Queen and the House of Representatives, which means there is only one House instead of two House, where differ from Australia Parliament.

The New Zealand government has always attached great importance to foreign trade. Discuss the crucial role foreign trade play in New Zealand’ live?

First, one of the most distinctive features of the New Zealand economy is

its reliance on international trade to drive growth. Exported goods and services approximately account for a third of the total output of the country. The country is depended on exports to buy imports of oil and a wide range of manufactured and consumer goods.

Second, world prices for New Zealand’s primary products have not kept up with the prices of goods since that New Zealand imports. The country has sought to diversity its product offering and trading partners since the early 1970s in response to changing world demand and prices.

Third, New Zealand major export destinations are Australia, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and South Korea. The key export groups by order of importance are dairy products, meat, timber, and fish. The main sources of imports are Australia, the United States, Japan, China, and Germany. The most imports are mechanical, vehicles, electrical machinery, and mineral fuels. Imports of unprocessed products, notably metals and unrefined petroleum, are also significant.

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