分类号 密级 — UDC
毕 业 设 计
基于AT89C51的十字路口
交通灯的设计
学生姓名 学号 指导教师 系 、中心 信息工程系 专 业 电子信息工程 年级 级
论文答辩日期 2012 年 月 日
基于AT89C51的十字路口交通灯的设计
完成日期: 指导教师签字:
答辩小组成员签字:
基于AT89C51的十字路口交通灯的设计
摘 要
近年来随着科技的飞速发展,单片机的应用正在不断深入,同时带动传统控制检测技术日益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中,单片机往往作为一个核心部件来使用,仅单片机方面知识是不够的,还应根据具体硬件结构软硬件结合,加以完善。
本文研究的是以AT89C51单片机为控制器的智能交通灯控制系统,通过车辆检测电路采集路况信号,经单片机处理后,分配各车道的绿灯时间,实现车流动态调节,并由74HC244驱动LED数码管显示通行倒计时;左拐、右拐、直行及行人的通行指示灯采用双色高亮度发光二极管。本设计是以软件和硬件相结合的方式来实现,文中给出了具体的硬件电路图和软件流程图及程序源码。
关 键 词:交通灯;AT89C51;74HC244;LED
I
Design of crossroads traffic lamp based on the AT89C51
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the application of SCM is going deep, driving the traditional detection techniques to renew day by day. In the real-time examination and in the automatic control monolithic integrated circuit application system, the monolithic integrated circuit often took a core part uses. The monolithic integrated circuit aspect knowledge is only insufficient, but should also act according to the concrete hardware architecture software and hardware union, to be improved.
This study is based on AT89C51 as the controller of the intelligent traffic light control system. Collecting traffic information by the vehicle detection circuit, treated by the MCU, assigning green time of each lane to achieve dynamic adjustment of traffic by the 74HC244 driving the passage of LED digital display the countdown. The traffic light of turn left, turn right, straight and pedestrian adopt with two-color high-brightness light-emitting diodes.The design is based on software and hardware combination to achieve. The paper gives a detailed circuit diagram of hardware and software flow chart and program soure code.
Keywords: traffic light;AT89C51;74HC244;LED
II
目录
1引言 ............................................................. 1
1.1 课题的背景及意义 ................................................ 1 1.2关于本案 ........................................................ 2
2 总体设计方案 ................................................... 2
2.1设计思路 ........................................................ 2 2.2方案选择 ........................................................ 2 2.3总体方案设计 .................................................... 3
3 系统硬件设计 .................................................. 3
3.1系统硬件框图及工作原理 .......................................... 3 3.2 芯片选择及引脚说明 ............................................. 4 3.3各模块电路 ..................................................... 10 3.4 LED显示接口电路 .............................................. 13
4 系统程序设计 .................................................. 14
4.1 程序设计思路及流程图 .......................................... 14 4.2 存储器及I/O口接口地址 ........................................ 17 4.3 LED显示电路有关编程 .......................................... 17
5交通灯控制系统的调试 ......................................... 18
5.1 调试方法 ...................................................... 18 5.2调试及性能分析 ................................................. 18
6 测量结果 ...................................................... 19 7 结束语 ......................................................... 19 参考文献 ......................................................... 20 致谢 .............................................................. 21 附录 .............................................................. 22
III
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