高考英语第二轮语法专题复习教案 状语从句Adverbial Clauses

高考英语第二轮语法专题复习九 状语从句Adverbial Clauses

知识要点：

状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。根据

修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。

1、时间状语从句 2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句

4、目的状语从句w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、方式状语从句 8、 让步状语从句 9、 比较状语从句

1、时间状语从句

种类 从属连词 时 when 例 句 说 明 When I came into the room, he was writing when指的是“某一具体a letter. 当我进屋时，他正在写信。 的时间”。 whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时间”。 whenever We shall go there whenever we are free. 间 状 while when 我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。 I was walking along the street when when意为“这时”或“在suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder 那个时候”,可以看作是from behind. 并列句,这种用法的我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍when分句一般位于句我的肩膀。 While it was raining, they went out. 末。 while指“在某一段时间 语 as 从 after 句 种类 从属连句 till before 天下雨的时候，他们出去了。 I stayed while he was away. 他不在的时候我在。 里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。 He hurried home, looking behind as he as引导持续性动作，强went. 调主句和从句的动作同他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。 时发生。 Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做学生，再做先生。 He arrived after the game started. 比赛开始后，他到了。 We waited till (until)he came back . 如主句动词是持续性动 before译为在…之前 我们一直等到他回来。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…为止” 例 句 说 明 She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock . 如主句动词是瞬间动她到11点钟才停止工作。 时 until 间 她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。 示强调，一般用until Great changes have taken place in China 状语从句在主句之前状 Since 语 as soon as As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to 之后则不必用标点符 you.我一到上海就给你写信。 从 句 hardly…whI had hardly got home when it began to rain. hardly…when和no en 我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got sooner…than的意义home when it began to rain. 相当于as soon as,但只表示过去发生的事号。 大的变化。 分开，如从句在主句since 1978.自从1978年以来中国发生了巨时一般用逗号与主句Until he had passed out of sight, she stood 示“直…才”“在…以前there. 不”,从句放在句首表词，常用否定式，表no No sooner had we got to the station than the 情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly或no soonersooner…thatrain left. n 我们刚到车站，火车就走了。 Hardly had we begun when we were told to 位于句首时语气强，stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。 而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。 Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick. 在时间状语从句中，every time, 我每次乘船都晕船。 the moment 我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。 等 Next time you come ,you’ll see him. 下次你来的时候，就会见到他。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 地 点 where 状 语 wherever 从 句 你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。 Wherever you go, you must obey the law. 无论你去哪都要遵守法律。 I came back late yesterday because I was on because用来回答why 原 because 因 昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。 状 Since everyone is here, let’s begin our since表示既然或全已语 meeting. 从 since 既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。 句 首

种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明 可表明的原因,多放句知的理由,稍加分析即般放在主句之后 duty. 的问题，语气最强一You are free to go wherever you like. 哪里有水，哪里就有生命。 面语。 有志者，事竟成。 Where there is water there is life. where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书时或过去时代替将来时。 不能用将来时或过去by the time, The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful. 将来时，而要用现在 原 因 as As he didn’t know much English, he looked 从句常放在句首，说明up the word in the dictionary . 原因，主句说明结果，由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这常用于口语中。 个单词。 状 now that, Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we seeing (that), now that 语 seeing that can start our journey. 从 句 鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。 和since, as 意义相似，他们都有“鉴于某个事Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for 实”的意思，that可以省the doctor. 去。 鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。 that so that 目 的 状 语 从 句 in that I shall write down your telephone number 目的状语从句中常用情that I may not forget. 态动词may (might) can 我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。 (could) ,should 等放在We’ll tell you the truth so that you can judge 动词之前，从句往往放for yourself. 在主句之后，主从句之我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判间不用任何标点符号 断。 order They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time . 他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m lest = for Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) fear that you should catch cold. 多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。 结 果 状 so that We turned up the radio, so that everyone so that前有逗号为结果 heard the news. 状语从句。 我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了so…that的so后面跟形新闻。 容词或副词。 so…that He was so excited that he couldn’t say a 语 word. 他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。 such…thaHe gave such important reasons that he was such…that的such后面excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大跟名词，如果名词是单家的谅解。 数就要用such a 从 t 句 It is such an interesting novel that all of us /an…that还可以转换用want to read it. It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it. 这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。 so…that，语气较强 种类 从属连句 if 条 例 句 说 明 Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid unless从句的谓语只能of them. 用肯定式。unless和如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。 if…not同义，unless是We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains. 书面语，if…not是口语，除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。 通常二者可以换用。 件 unless = We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t 条件状语从句中的谓语rain. 动词的时态一般要用现状 So/As long as you work hard, you will 在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。 语 as/so long succeed. as 只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。 In case I forget, please remind me about it . 万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。 So far as I know, the book will be published next month. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 据我所知，那本书下月出版。 as Draw a cat as I taught you . 按照我教你的画一只猫。 Do as you are told. 从 in case 句 so far as 此处as译为，按照或正如 as if或as though的意义 方

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