美国文学练习题

Part I. The Literature of Colonial America

I. Fill in the following Blanks.

1. The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was ________

11. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety, these were the ________ values that dominated much of the early American writing.

III. Make multiple choices.

1. English literature in the America is only about more than ________ years old.

A. 500 B. 400 C. 200 D. 100 6. __________ usually was regarded as the first American writer.

A. William Bradford B. Anne Bradstreet C. Emily Dickinson D. Captain John Smith 10. The common thread throughout American literature has been the emphasis on the__________. A. Revolutionism B. Reason C. Individualism D. Rationalism 11. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the “______” who appeared in America.

A. Ninth Muse B. Tenth Muse C. Best Muse D. First Muse

Part II. The Literature of Reason and Revolution

I. Fill in the blanks.

3. 4. 9.

Benjamin Franklin also edited the first colonial magazine, which he called _____. Benjamin Franklin' s best writing is found in his masterpiece ________ . The most outstanding poet in America of the 18th century was _____________.

10. Philip Freneau' s famous poem____________ was written about his imprisoned experience. 11. _________ was considered as the “poet of the American Revolution.” 12. _________ has been called the \.”

14. In American literature, the eighteenth century was an Age of _________ and Revolution. III. Make multiple choices.

1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment. ____ was the dominant spirit. A. Humanism B. Rationalism C. Revolution D. Evolution 2. In American literature, the Enlighteners were opposed to ________.

A. the colonial order B. religious obscurantism C. the Puritan tradition D. the secular literature 4. Which statement about Benjamin Franklin is not true?

A. He instructed his countrymen as a printer. B. He was a scientist. C. He was a master of diplomacy. D. He was a Puritan. 6. Which of the following stirred the world and helped form the American republic?

A. The American Crisis B. The Federalist C. Declaration of Independence D. The Waste Land 7. Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the____________ .

A. American Enlightenment B. Sugar Act C. Chartist movement D. Romanticist

8. From 1732 to 1758, Benjamin Franklin wrote and published his famous ___ , an annal collection of proverbs. A. The Autobiography B. Poor Richard's Almanac C. Common Sense D. The General Magazine 13. Which statement about Philip Freneau is true?

A .He was a satirist .B. He was a pamphleteer .C. He was a poet. D. He was a bitter polemicist. 14. Which poem is not written by Philip Freneau?

A. The British Prison Ship B. The Wild Honey Suckle C. The Indian Burying Ground D. The Day of Doom

15. Who was considered as the \

A. Michael Wigglesworth B. Edward Taylor C. Anne Bradstreet D. Philip Freneau 17. During the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the____________ .

A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement C. Enlightenment Movement D. Modernist Movement 20. Benjamin Franklin shaped his writing after the___ of the English essayists Joseph Addison and Richard Steele. A. Spectator Papers B. Walden C. Nature D. The Sacred Wood

Part III. The Literature of Romanticism

I. Fill in the blanks

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

In the early nineteenth century, Washington Irving wrote ________ which became the first work by an In 1828, __________ published his An American Dictionary of the English Language.

In 1755, __________ published his remarkable dictionary named Dictionary of the English Language. The Civil War of 1861—1865 ended in the defeat of the Southerners and the abolition of___________ . The American Transcendentalists formed a club called _________ . The Transcendental Club often met at___________ ' s Concord home. ______ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism.

At nineteen______ published in his brother's newspaper, his \In Washington Irving's work___________ appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.

American juvenile literature.

10. In Paris, Washington Irving met John Howard Payne, the American dramatist and actor, with whom Irving wrote his brilliant social comedy_____________, or The Merry Monarch.

11. The short story The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is taken from Washington Irving's work named _______. 12. _________ was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary War. 13. Washington Irving' s first book appeared in 1809. It was entitled ____________.

14. Washington Irving also wrote two biographies, one is The Life of Oliver Goldsmith, and the other is___________.

15. The first important American novelist was___________.

16. James Fenimore Cooper’s novel ___________ was a rousing tale about espionage against the British during the Revolutionary War.

17. The best of James Fenimore Cooper's sea romances was____________. The hero of the novel represents John Paul Jones, the great naval fighter of the Revolutionary War.

18. The central figure in the Leather stocking Tales is____________ , who goes by the various names of Leather stocking, Deerslayer, Pathfinder and Hawkeye.

19. \critic \

20. __________ was the first American to gain the stature of a major poet in the world literature.

21. Among William Cullen Bryant's most important later works are his translations of the Iliad and the____________ into English blank verse.

22. Edgar Allan Poe’s poem___________ is perhaps the best example of onomatopoeia in the English language. 23. Edgar Allan Poe's poem____________ was published in 1845 as the title poem of a collection. 24. Ralph___________ Emerson was responsible for bringing transcendentalism to New England.

25. Ralph Waldo Emerson's truest disciple, the man who put into practice many of Emerson's theories,

was____________.

26. In 1845, Henry David Thoreau began a two-year residence at _________________ Pond.

27. A superb book entitled_________ came out of Henry David Thoreau's two-year experiment at Walden Pond. 28. From Henry David Thoreau’s Concord jail experience, came his famous essay ______. 29. Hester Prynne is the heroine in Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel _____________.

30. Herman Melville’s novel____________ is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.

31. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's first collection of poems entitled ______________ appeared in 1838. 32. The most scholarly of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s writings is his translation of Dante’s ______. 33. Besides lyrics and longer poems Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote dramatic works, among which____________ is the most conspicuous.

34. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and _____________ are the only two American poets commemorated in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey.

35. After his death, __________ became the only American to be honored with a bust in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey.

36. The American Romantic period stretches from the end of the eighteenth century through the outburst of the___________ .

37. The English author named___________ was, in a way, responsible for the romantic description of landscape in American literature and the development of American Indian romance. His Waverley novels were models for American historical romances.

38. Published in 1823, __________ was the first of the Leather stocking Tales, in their order of publication time, and probably the first true romance of the frontier in American literature.

39. In the Pioneers, __________ represents the ideal American, living a virtuous and free life in God’s world. 40. In 1836, a little book came out which made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life of America. It was entitled Nature by____________.

41. Ralph Waldo Emerson's essay__________ has been regarded as \Declaration of Intellectual Independence\ It called on American writers to write about America in a way peculiarly American.

42. Another renowned New England Transcendentalist was___________, a friend of Ralph Waldo Emerson' s and his junior by some fourteen years.

43. The way in which___________ wrote The Scarlet Letter suggests that American Romanticism adapted itself to American puritan moralism.

44. Herman Melville's world classic novel Moby Dick was dedicated to__________, a novelist.

45. It is said that in his late years, Herman Melville stopped writing novels and stories and turned to poetry, ___________ is his most famous poetic work.

46. Herman Melville is best known as the author of one book named___________, which is, critics have agreed, one of the world's greatest masterpieces. II. Make multiple choices.

1. In 1837, the first college-level institution for women, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, was established in____________ to serve the \

A. New England B. Virginia C. Massachusetts D. New York 2. Transcendentalism took their ideas from___________. A. the romantic literature in Europe B. neo-Platonism

C. German idealistic philosophy D. the revelations of oriental mysticism

3. As a philosophical and literary movement, _____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.

A. modernism B. rationalism C. sentimentalism D. transcendentalism

4. Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in___________ and Henry David Thoreau. A. Thomas Jefferson B. Ralph Waldo Emerson C. Philip Freneau D. Oversoul 5. Who were regarded as the \

A. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow B. Lowell C. Oliver Russel Holmes D. John Greenleaf Whittier 6. American statesmen such as__________ slowly won for their country the respect of European powers. A. Washington B. Jefferson C. Madison D. Monroe 7. _________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.

A. Henry David Thoreau B. Ralph Waldo Emerson C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Walt Whitman 8. Transcendentalists recognized__________ as the \

A. intuition B. logic C. data of the senses D. thinking

9. Led by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ralph Waldo Emerson and _____________, there arose a kind of teachings of transcendentalism in the early nineteenth century.

A. Herman Melville B. Henry David Thoreau C. Mark Twain D. Theodore Dreiser

10. Transcendentalism appealed to those who disdained the harsh God of the Puritan ancestors, and it appealed to those who scorned the pale deity of New England

A. Transcendentalism B. Humanism C. Naturalism D. Unitarianism

11. In the early 19th century America, statesmen such as _________ , came to dominate American politics not with their prose but with the emotional force of their oratory.

A. Daniel Webster B. Daniel Defoe C. Philip Freneau D. Thomas Paine

12. A new___________ had appeared in England in the last years of the eighteenth century. It spread to continental Europe and then came to America early in the nineteenth century.

A. realism B. critical realism C. romanticism D. naturalism

13. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature, evident in _________ .

A. James Fenimore Cooper's Leatherstocking Tales B. Henry David Thoreau' s V/alden C. Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn D. Nathaniel Hawthorne's the Scarlet Letter

14. A preoccupation with the demonic and the mystery of evil marked the works of _________ , and a host of lesser writers.

A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. Edgar Allan Poe C. Herman Melville D. Mark Twain 15. An American Dictionary of the English Language was published in 1828 by_____

A. Samuel Johnson B. Noah Webster C. Daniel Webster D. Daniel Defoe

16. In the nineteenth century America, Romantics often shared certain general characteristics. Choose such characteristics from the following.

A. moral enthusiasm B. faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception C. adoration for the natural world D. presumption about the corrosive effect of human society 17. Choose Washington Irving’s works from the following.

A. The Sketch Book B. Bracebridge Hall C. Tales of a Traveller D. A History of New York 18. In James Fenimore Cooper's novels, close after Natty Bumppo in romantic appeal, come the two noble red men. Choose them from the following.

A. the Mohican Chief Chingachgook B. Uncas C. Tom Jones D. Kubla Khan

19. In 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced the best poet____ to appear in America up to that time. A. Edward Taylor B. Philip Freneau C. William Cullen Bryant D. Edgar Allan Poe 20. Choose William Cullen Bryant's poems from the following.

A. To a Caty-Did B. To a Waterfowl C. Thanatopsis D. The Wild Honey Suckle 21. From the following, choose the poems written by Edgar Allan Poe. A. To Helen B. The Raven C. Annabel Lee D. The Bells 22. In his post on the Messenger, Edgar Allan Poe showed his true talents as

A. an editor B. a poet C. a literary critic D. a fiction writer 23. Edgar Allan Poe's first collection of short stories is___________ .

A. Tales of a Traveller B. Leatherstocking TalesC. Canterbury Tales D. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque 24. From the following, choose the characteristics of Ralph Waldo Emerson's poetry.

A. being highly individual B. harsh rhythms C. lack of form and polish D. striking images 25. Which book is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?

A. Representative Men B. English Traits C. Nature D. The Rhodora 26. Which essay is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?

A. Of Studies B. Self-Reliance C. The American Scholar D. The Divinity School Address 27. From Henry David Thoreau’s jail experience, came his famous essay, ___________, which states Thoreau's belief that no man should violate his conscience at the command of a government.

A. Walden B. Nature C. Civil Disobedience D. Common Sense 28. The finest example of Nathaniel Hawthorne' s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in__________ .

A. The Scarlet Letter B. Young Goodman Brown C. The Marble Faun D. The Ambitious Guest 29. The House of Seven Gables is a famous mystery-haunted novel written by_________

A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. Nathaniel Hathorne C. Nathanal Hawthorne D. Nathanial Hathorne 30. Nathaniel Hawthorne's ability to create vivid and symbolic images that embody great moral questions also appears strongly in his short stories. Choose his short stories from the following.

A. Young Goodman Brown B. The Great Stone Face C. The Ambitious Guest D. Ethan Brand E. The Pearl 31. Which is not Nathaniel Hawthorne's long novel?

A. The Scarlet Letter B. The Marble Faun C. The Blithe dale Romance D. The House of Seven Gables E. Dr. Heidegger's Experiment

32. Herman Melville called his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne_____________ in American literature. A. the largest brain with the largest heart B. father of American poetry C. the transcendentalist D. the American scholar 33. Choose the characters which appear in the novel The Scarlet Letter.

A. Hester Prynne B. Arthur Dimmesdale C. Roger Chillingworth D. Pearl 34. __________ was a romanticized account of Herman Melville's stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon made Melville well known as the \A. Moby Dick B. Typee C. Omoo D. Billy Budd

35. With the appearance of ______________ in 1855, which is about American Indians, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poetical reputation was established.

A. Evangeline B. The Courtship of Miles Standish C. Song of Hiawatha D. Michael Angelo 36. Choose the authors who belong to the romantic group in American literature.

A. Ralph Waldo Emerson B. Henry David Thoreau C.Nathaniel Hawthorne D.Herman Melville E.Walt Whitman 37. In the early nineteenth century American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothing has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did__________ .

A. Puritanism B. Romanticism C. Rationalism D. Sentimentalism

38. American romanticist writers, like Washington Irving and especially the group of New England poets such

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