大学英语听说3Unit 3

Unit 3

II. Basic Listening Practice

1. Script

W: Chinese students are often too shy to say anything in class. M: I think they don’t speak because their culture values modesty，and they don’t want to be showing off. Goes back to Confucius.

Q: Why don’t Chinese students say in class according to the man? C) They are modest.

2. Script

W: The government is doing something at last about sex discrimination in the work place. Women deserve the same pay as men for the same work.

M: Yeah. In the United States, women earn only 70 percent of what men get for the same job. It’s a situation that has to be changed. Q: What does the man say about the women? A) They earn less than men.

3. Script

W: I admire Michael Dell. He had a dream to be the world’s largest manufacture of personal computers, and he has realized that dream.

M: And he dropped out of university to become a success. I wonder if there is a lesson in that.

Q: What do we learn about Michael Dell from the dialog?

D) He succeeded in his career though he did not complete his education.

4. Script

M: Successful entrepreneurs are often self-made people who have a vision and know where they are going.

W: But do they enjoy life like you and me, or is money their only concern? Q: What are the two speakers’ attitudes toward successful entrepreneurs? D) The man admires the entrepreneur but the woman does not.

5. Script

W: Do you agree that equal opportunity for all in an educational system is important？

M: Yes, but we have to recognize that all of us are not of equal ability. Q: What does the man imply？

A) We should acknowledge differences between students.

III. Listening In

Task 1: Competition in America

Script

Alan: What are you reading, Eliza?

Eliza: An article on America competition.

Alan: Competition is everywhere. Why so much fuss about it, Miss Knowledge?

Eliza: Don’t make fun of me. According to the author, competition is especially

important in American life. They’re taught to complete from early childhood. When children play games, they learn how to beat others.

Alan: And many girls want to look more attractive than the girls sitting next to them

in class. Do you think that way?

Eliza: Don’t be silly. Let’s get back to the point. When children are growing up, they

complete with one another in their studies.

Alan: Isn’t that also true of students in other nations? As we all know, many Asian

students would kill for a high test score and grab every opportunity to sharpen their competitive edge over others.

Eliza: American boys find great pleasure in competing with each other in sports,

according to the author.

Alan: I do like sports. When our football team beats the other team, I feel great…

makes me want to shout out loud. But isn’t that normal throughout the world? Eliza: American people also compete with each other at work and at climbing the

social ladder.

Alan: But there’s such competition in other countries as well.

Eliza: You’re right in a sense, but the author says the idea of competing is more

deeply rooted in the minds of Americans. They’re even taught that if you lose and don’t feel hurt, there must be something wrong with you.

Alan: I hear that some Asians put emphasis on cooperation. Which approach do you

think makes more sense?

Eliza: It’s hard to say. Anyway, it’s just culture difference.

Question and key:

1. What is the dialog mainly about?

C) Varies aspects of American competition. 2. What is the woman reading?

A) Reading an article on American competition.

3. What do children learn from playing games according to the woman? C) Competitiveness.

4. What does the man say about Asian and American students? B) Competition exacts among both Asian and American students.

5. What does the woman think more sense, competition or cooperation? D) It’s difficult to arrive at a definite conclusion.

Task2: Americans’ work ethic

Script and key

For 400 years or more, one thing has been a characteristic of Americans. It is called their“work ethic”. Its (S1) roots were in the teachings of the Christian Puritans who first settled in (S2) what is now the northeastern state of Massachusetts. They believed that it was their (S3) moral duty to work at every task to please God by their (S4) diligence, honesty, attention to details, skill, and attitude. To these Puritans, it was a (S5) sin to be lazy or to do less than your best in any task. They and later Americans tried to follow Bible’s (S6) teachings, “If a man will not work, he shall not eat.” Therefore, American have for (S7) centuries believed that they were guilty of sin if they did not work carefully and hard as they could when they did anything. God would punish those who were careless or lazy in their work. (S8) Even as children they were taught, “If it’s worth doing at all, it’s worth doing well.”

But some people have gone beyond the usual sense of diligence. They are especially attracted to the notion of “ climbing the ladder” so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth.

(S9) In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively. The word “workaholic”describes an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic is to alcohol.

They are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. (S10) Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and production, and a workaholics upholds those values.

Task3: Cross-cultural tips on doing business

Script

Countries from around the globe, such as Germany, the U.S., the U.K., and Russia, conduct a lot of business in China-the biggest market in the world. Here are some tips to help you deal more successfully with people from those nations.

Firstly, you must be punctual with the Germans. Being even five minutes late makes a poor impression. Being punctual is also very important with Americans and the British. But while it’s important to be on time for business meetings, nobody expects you to be punctual for a social event. Half past seven is really means a quarter to eight, or even eight o’clock! With Russians, always be on time, but don’t be surprised if your Russian contact is very late! It is not unusual for them to be one or even two hours late!

In the business environments of those four countries, it is best to wear formal clothes of dark colors. In Russia, designer clothes are rather common. However, don’t be surprised if you go to an office in the U.K., on a Friday and find everyone wearing jeans. Many companies in the U.K. have “dress down Fridays”, when people wear casual attire.

In conversation, the British and the Americans love humor and talking about sports. The weather is also a good topic of conversation with the British, but you should avoid political talk. With the Russians, say positive things about their country, and avoid making complaints. The Germans, however, prefer to get straight down to business!

Remember that with the Germans, once a deal has been agreed upon, you can’t change it! With the Americans, money is more important than relationships, whereas with Russians it’s important to get to know your contacts well. Also, don’t be surprised if a British meeting seems like a chaos, with everyone participating and giving opinions!

Remember these tips and you will be on your way to a successful international career.

Question and key:

1. What is true of the Americans and the British in term of punctuality? D) They are punctual for business meetings, but less for social events? 2. In which country do people have “dress down Fridays”? A) The U.K.

3. What can you infer about the Russians from their conversation? D) They are patriotic.

4. How can you do business well with the Russians? A) You should know your contacts well.

5. What is the speaker’s attitude toward the four nationalities? C) He is neutral to all of them.

IV. Speaking Out

MODEL 1: Americans glorify individualism. Script

Susan: John, I was looking for you. Where have you been hiding all morning? John: Well, I caught Professor Brown’s lecture on American individualism. Susan: Oh, how did you find it?

John: Enlightening. Americans glorify individualism. They believe (1) individual interests rank above everything else.

Susan: Sounds interesting. (2) It’s a sharp contrast to the oriental collectivism

Professor Wang talked about last semester.

John: But you should know that the individualism in the United States (3) is not necessarily an equivalent for selfishness. Susan: Then what does it mean in the States?

John: They believe (4) all values, rights, and duties originate in individuals, so they

emphasize individual initiative and independence.

Susan: There could be something in that. Of course (5) an oriental countries the interests of the group are more important than anything else.

John: So, it’s all the necessary for foreigners to understand American culture, or

they can’t hope to understand the importance of privacy in the West.

Susan: Maybe that’s the reason nuclear families outnumber extended families in the

United States.

John: Right on! You’re catching on fast! Susan: Now let me ask you a question. John: Shoot. Go ahead.

Susan: (6) Why do Americans cherish individualism more than oriental people? John: I don’t know. Anyway, Professor Brown didn’t say.

Susan: One reason might be that American children stop sleeping with their parents at

an early age. They learn independence early, so it’s deeply rooted.

John: Wow. That’s an intelligent guess!

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