应用化学专业英语(课后答案和课文翻译)(3)

to the -ite form of the name. The oxoanion with a higher number of oxoanion atoms is named with the prefix pre- add to the -ate form of the name.

例如： ClO- hypochorite ClO2- chalorite ClO3- chalorate ClO4- perchlorate

（2）\含H阴离子，命名是将这些阴离子在开头加“hydrogen\

Some anions include hydrogen , the name of these anions begin with \

例如：HCO3- hydrogen carbonate （3）”含氧酸命名是源于对应的含氧酸根，并用-ic acid代替-ate，或用-ous acid代替-ite。 The formulas of oxoanions are derived from those of the corresponding oxoanions, -ic oxoacides are the parent of -ate oxoanions and -ous oxoacides are the parents of -ite oxoanion.

例如：H2SO4 sulfuric acid H3PO4 phosphoric acid

3.离子化合物命名（names of Ionic compound） （1）命名是以阳离子在前，阴离子在后的方式。

An ionic compound is named with cation name first , followed by the name of the anion.

例如;KCI potassium chloride NH4NO3 ammonium nitrate (2)水合物命名是首先给出化合物名字，后用希腊前缀加hydrate， 前缀表示有多少水分子。Hydrates are named by first giving the name of the compound, then adding the word hydrate with Greek prefix indicating how many molecules of water are found.

例如;CuSO4.5H2O copper（II)sulfate pentahydrate

4.分子化合物命名（names of molecular compounds）

分子化合物命名是用希腊前缀表示每种原子出现的数目，没有前缀的话则表示只有一个原子。

Molecular compound are named by using the Greek prefixes to indicate the number of each type of atom present. No prefix is used if only one atom of an element is present.

例如： PCI3 phosphorus trichloride N2O dinitrogen oxiden SF6 sulfur hexafluoride N2O5 dinitrogen pentoxide

5.单价金属离子.

命名和书写二元离子化合物，先写金属再写非金属，金属名字不变，阴离子是在词根后加-ide.

In both naming and writing the formular for a binary ionic compound , the metal comes first and the nonmental second. The unchanged English name of the metal is used . The name of the anion includes only the English root plus ide.

例如： NaCl sodium chloride CaO calcium oxide 6.多原子离子化合物命名 同上阴离子命名.

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