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64. A. in the middle 65. A. restore
B. at the end B. record
C. in the beginning C. replace
D. ahead of time D. respond
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
In 1991, high in the mountains of Europe, hikers made a discovery: a dead man partly frozen in the ice. However, the police investigation soon became a scientific one. Carbon dating indicated that the man died over 5,300 years ago. Today he is known as the Iceman and has been nicknamed ―?tzi‖ for the ?tztal Alps where he was found. Kept in perfect condition by the ice, he is the oldest complete human body on the earth.
Scientists think he was an important person in his society. An examination of his teeth and skull tells us that he was not a young man.His arms were not the arms of a laborer. His dagger(匕首) was made of stone, but he carried a copper axe. This implies wealth, and he was probably from the upper classes.We know he could make fire, as a fire-starting kit was discovered with him. Even the food he had eaten enabled scientists to reason exactly where in Italy he lived.
But why did the Iceman die in such a high and icy place? There have been many theories. Some said he was a lost shepherd. Others thought he was killed in a religious ceremony. Over the years since he was found, tiny scientific discoveries have led to great changes in our understanding of the story of the Iceman. The newest scientific information indicates that he was cruelly murdered. ―Even five years ago, the story was that he fled up there and walked around in the snow and probably died of exposure,‖ said Klaus Oeggl, a scientist at the University of Innsbruck in Austria. ―Now it’s all changed. It’s more like a…crime scene.‖
In June 2001, an X-ray examination of the body showed a small dark shape beneath the Iceman’s left shoulder. It was the stone head of an arrow. It had caused a deadly injury that probably killed him very quickly. In 2003, an Australian scientist discovered the blood of four different people on the clothes of the Iceman. Did a bloody fight take place before his murder? Injuries on his hand and head indicate that this may be true. One theory, put forward by archeologist (考古学家) WalterLeitner, says that the Iceman’s murder was the end of a fight for power among his people. However, this idea is certainly debatable. 66. What does ―?tzi‖refer to ________.
A. the oldest perfectly preserved human body B. the most famous tourist attraction?tztal Alps C. an important discovery by the police of Europe D. the person living in ?tztal Alps for a long time
67. After the examination of the Iceman, scientists believe that ________.
A. he died at an early age B. he made a fire-starting kit C. he had a higher social status D. he was born at a village in Italy
68. According to Klaus Oeggl, the Iceman died from________.
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A. a serious disease C. a religious faith
B. a snow disaster D. a terrible murder
69. What is the passage mainly talking about?
A. The life of ancient people in the AlpsMountains. B. The cruel religious life of the Europeans in the past. C. The discovery andpossiblecause of death of the Iceman. D. The application of carbon dating technology to the Iceman.
(B)
Cambridge Schools Conference 2015 - book your place today
Inspiring teachers, inspiring learners: How we prepare learners for a lifetime of learning. Dear Colleague
The Cambridge Schools Conference is taking place in Colombo, Sri Lanka from 3-5 Jan 2015. Booking for the conference closes on 24December 2014, book now to secure your place. Feedback from schools that attended our recent conference in Cambridge includes: “Outstanding keynote presentation by Guy Claxton”
Roland Ebiye-Koripamo, Cita International School
“A Cambridge Conference shoots up the expectation level of the representativesand when it not just reaches that level but surpasses it with excellence, you define it as the Cambridge Schools Conference, 2015!”
SeemaAnis, Al Waha International School, Jeddah
“I have met so many interesting people. Having the opportunity to meet educators from all over the world is a unique experience.”
Luciana Fernandez, ESSARP, ArgentinaThe conference brings together a community of teachers representing schools from many different countries and contexts, to consider approaches to common challenges. Our programme is designed to support professional learning by offering a range of perspectives
on the conference theme. Discuss and debate these in our panel sessions (小组会议) and explore their
implications in group discussions and workshops.
We look forward to welcoming you to Colombo.
Events Team
Cambridge International Examinations
Follow @CIE_Education for news and information about the conference. Use the hashtag#csconf15 to join the conversation.
Forward to a friend|Unsubscribe ? 2014 Cambridge International Examinations
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70. The theme of the Cambridge Schools Conference 2015 is about _________.
A. lifelong learning
B. teaching approaches D. inspiring teachers B. work in education institutes D. can offer a range of perspectives
C. common challenges
71. The letter is most probably for those who _________.
A. are the members of CIE C. givefeedback to the conference
72. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The conference closes on 24December 2014. B. The conferenceis held in University of Cambridge.
D. The conference encourages various views on lifelong learning.
C. The conference provides the most effective approaches on lifelong learning.
(C)
Big trees are incredibly important ecologically. For a start, they provide food for countless other species and shelter for many animals. With their tall branches in the sun, they capture vast amounts of energy. This allows them to produce massive crops of fruit and flowers that sustain much of the animal life in the forest.
Only a small number of tree species have the genetic abilityto grow really big. The biggest are native to North America, but big trees grow all over the globe, from the tropics to the forests of the high latitudes(纬度). To achieve giant size, a tree needs three things: the right place to establish its seedling, good growing conditions and lots of time with low adult death rate. Lose any of these, and you will lose your biggest trees.
In some parts of the world, populations of big trees are dwindling because their seedlings cannot survive. In southern India, for instance, an aggressive non-native bush, Lantana camara, is invading the floor of many forests. Lantana grows so thickly that young trees often fail to take root. With no young trees to replace them, it is only a matter of time before most of the big trees disappear.
Without the right growing conditions, trees cannot get really bigand there is some evidence to suggest tree growth could slow in a warmer world, particularly in environments that are already warm. Having worked for decades at La Selva Biological Station in Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, Costa Rica, David and Deborah Clark and colleagues have shown that tree growth there declines markedly in warmer years. ―During the day, their growth shuts down when it gets too warm, and at night they consume more energy because theirmetabolic(新陈代谢的) rate increases,‖ explains David Clark. With less energy produced in warmer years and more being consumed just to survive, there is even less energy available for growth.
The Clarks’ theory, if correct, means tropical forests would shrink over time.The largest, oldest trees would progressively die off and tend not to be replaced. According to the Clarks, this might cause a destabilization of the climate; as older trees die, forests would release some of their stored carbon into the atmosphere, causing a cycle of further warming, forest shrinkage and carbon emissions.
Besides, big trees face threats from elsewhere.
73. According to the passage, big trees make great contributions to theecosystem because ________.
A. they can capture large amounts of energy B. they determine the change of global climate
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C. they provide the essentials for many creatures D. they can avoid a new cycle of further warming
74. All the following factors are a must for making big treesEXCEPT ______.
A. no deadly damage
B. genetic contribution D. high-latitude location B. growing D. declining
C. ideal environmentfor growth A. exploding C. changing
75. The word ―dwindling‖ (paragraph3) is closest in meaning to ―______‖.
76. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Big trees in trouble. B. Advantages of big trees. C. Results of big trees’ disappearing. D. Importanceof big trees to humans.
77. What will the author most probably discuss after the last paragraph?
A. More threats to the existence of big tress. B. The effect of human activities on big trees. C. Benefits of big trees to the whole atmosphere. D. Comparison between common trees and big ones. Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some would turn to tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups. In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them.
―Two heads are better than one.‖ That’s the simple idea behind study groups. By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic resources: other students. They get to pick each other’s brains and improve their own understanding of different problems. Moreover, study groups can create the slightly tense atmosphere in which it’s good to study. For example, some students tend to procrastinate (拖延) when they are studying by themselves; however, by joining a study group, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and are likely to thus have motivation for working harder.
Study groups work best when they are small, but not too small—four to five participants is about right. And it’s necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review the week’s lecture notes. Besides, socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.
In addition, to maximize the efficiency, some study groups like to assign members certain roles, and thus efficiency will be promoted. Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose duty is to remind group members to identify their sources. For instance, when a group member says ―I
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read somewhere that ... ,‖ the source-seeker should ask for specifics. This person reminds the group that it’s important to know who said what and where it was said. And a gatekeeper, who tries to make sure that all group members are participating, may ask a direct question to help a shy person participate, or find a way to get a dominating member to listen.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
78. Many universities encourage students to take advantage of ________ for better grades rather than learning alone.
79. Peers are not only the best academic resources but also motivate each other to _________ when learning in groups.
80. According to paragraph 3, besides the small size, what are the other two factors that could help a study group work best?
81. All the members in the study group will be assigned different roles because people believe that it will result in _______.
第II卷（共47分）
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1、孩子们总是对圣诞节的礼物充满好奇。(curious) 2、我们不确定能否按时完成任务。(sure)
3、对学生而言，身心健康与在学业表现中取得进步同样重要。(as…as)
4、评委和专家们对他昨天在表演时脸部表情以及手势动作的印象极为深刻。（impress） 5、大家一致认为任何有责任心和毅力的人都有资格申请该职位。（whoever）
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你班班长打算在寒假组织一次班级活动，有三种方案：一、慈善义卖帮助家庭有困难的同学；二、聘请英语专家介绍有效的学习方法；三、组织一次班级新年派对。作为班级的一员，请你根据你的实际情况，在三项方案中选择其一，提出对该项活动的建议并谈谈理由。
你的写作中必须包括：
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