狄更斯 双城记 英语 论文

Abstract

There are many themes like class contradiction and revolution in this book，but at the same time Dickens put love as the subject of the novel. In this paper I will emphasis the love of the two outstanding young to their lover Lucie. The love theme under the French Revolution indicateed the distinct epochal characteristics. This paper will analysis this from three parts. The backgroud of the story, the love of Charles Darnay and Lucie，the selfless love and sacrifice of Sydney Carton.

The first part I will describe some existed backgrounds of the time, and I also will indicate the class hatred. Especially the suffering of Doctor Manette at that situation. The second part I will study the love of Charles Darnay and Lucie, and analysis Doctor Manette’s feeling for his daughter’s marriage. The last part is also the most important part, I want to analysis Sydney Carton’s characters and his selfishless of love. In conclusion, we can learn that the love theme in this novel was affected by the background and we can see the true love and goodness of humanity.

Key words ：love and hatred；the French Revolution；kindheartedness；selflessness

摘 要

《双城记》中贯穿着阶级矛盾、革命等主题，同时狄更斯也将爱情列为这部小说的主题。这篇论文的侧重点就在于对小说中两个优秀的青年和女主露茜之间的爱恨情仇。爱情主题在特定的背景（法国大革命）下具有明显的时代特征。本文将分为三部分分析故事发生时代背景、露茜和查理代尔纳的感情以及西德尼卡尔顿对露茜的无私爱情。

第一部分分析时代背景及阶级仇恨背景。法国大革命前阶级矛盾愈演愈烈，梅尼特医生经历了那段贵族统治的残暴岁月。第二部分阐述革命背景下的爱情，梅尼特医生经过激烈的思想斗争，最终接受了代尔纳和露茜之间的爱情，体现了仁爱能化解仇恨。第三部分析了卡尔顿性格特点及牺牲自我挽救危难当中的爱情，体现了其爱情的无私和自身高尚的品质。最后得出结论，《双城记》中的爱情主题受到时代背景等的影响，体现了人性的善良和爱情的伟大。 关键词：爱恨情仇；法国大革命；仁爱；无私

I . Introduction

Charles Dickens and the plot of A Tale of Two Cities

Charles John Huffam Dickens was born February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. John Dickens, Charles's father, was a respectable, middle-class naval pay clerk. John Dickens received a reasonable salary, but he always spent more than he made. In 1824 he was imprisoned for debt. He lived alone in poverty in rented lodgings while the rest of his family moved into prison with his father—a common practice at that time. John Dickens was released after three months, and Charles returned to school. Dickens always remembered and hated this period of his life and the degradation it seemed to entail. Yet here he first became familiar with the lower-class people who appear throughout his novels. Dickens also returns again and again in his books to prison scenes. Dickens also returns again and again in his books to prison scenes.

His first novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared in monthly installments in 1836 and 1837. It became an immensely popular best seller, making Dickens extremely famous at age twenty-four. From this time on, Dickens worked full-time as a writer. He published fourteen major novels, several plays, numerous short stories, and many other books and articles. A man of incredible energy and vitality, Dickens acted, edited a number of periodicals, and worked with various charitable organizations. Dickens's novels dominated the Victorian literary scene throughout his life. He was arguably the most popular novelist ever to write in English.

A Tale of Two Cities is probably the least typically Dickensian of all Dickens's novels. Shorter than most of his greatest achievements, A Tale of Two Cities lacks what Dickens called 'elbow room.' On the other hand, A Tale of Two Cities is certainly more direct and unified than many other Dickens novels. Its plot moves quickly toward climax, it contains few extraneous details, and everything serves a clear thematic purpose. Many passages create considerable suspense, and Dickens's language in this novel, written at the peak of his powers, amazes the sensitive reader

with its aptness and power to make one seem to see and feel the events and people it describes.

A Tale of Two Cities is an example of Dickens's literary work. It is his most typical contact with the civic ideals of Europe. By the old sound and proverbial test a Cockney was a man born within the sound of Bow bells. That is, he was a man born within the immediate appeal of high civilisation and of eternal religion. A Tale of Two Cities is Charles Dickens's great historical novel, set against the violent upheaval of the French Revolution. The most famous and perhaps the most popular of his works, it compresses an event of immense complexity to the scale of a family history, with a cast of characters that includes a bloodthirsty ogress and an antihero as believably flawed as any in modern fiction.

Ⅱ

The analysis of the love

1. The French Revolution

―IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair.‖

This was the beginning of A Tale of Two Cities. Acoording to this description，we can clearly learn that time and realize its situation profoundly.

The story is not only a magnificent history（The French Revolution），but also a touching love story. In the history background of the French revolution, Dickens described the French social contradictions before the French revolution. Besides Charles Dickens wrote the suffering of a family to reveal the brutality of the revolution. It also exposed the exploitation of aristocrats. All this reflect Dickens’ Calm ponder to the French Revolution. And we can better realize the situation in that days, which let us can more easily to understand this novel.

2. The Love of Charles Darnay and Lucie Manette

Charles Darnay was the nephew of the Marquis Brother. Darnay is an ideal character in noblemen. He is in a family with evil, but different with his family members，in his mind, the value of a man is not judged by the power and money, and it also not just for his own pleasure to hurt other people's dignity or even harm the lives of other people.

“But, he had oppressed no man, he had imprisoned no man; he was so far from having harshly exacted payment of his dues, that he had relinquished them of his own will, thrown himself on a world with no favour in it, won his own private place there, and earned his own bread.”

He condemned the sins of the family, abandoned the title and property for him, and determined to expaite by his action. Like Carlyle, Dickens cared less for accurate history and factual presentation than just for vivid descriptions and the meanings he had found behind the events. He did not concern himself with the revolution's immediate political or economic causes but focused on the human suffering that he believed warped the very humanity of individuals on both sides of the battle lines. While contacted with the Manette in London，Caryle produced a set of true love to Lucie Manette. And he was so lucky that Lucie had fallen in love with him. And she wanted to get married with him while her father had known that Charles was the nephew of their enemy. She was confused and once desperate. But they were together finally. Lucie’s father, Doctor Manette, for her daughter’s happiness, decided to bury the past and readily agreed to their marriage. And Lucie was deeply moved by his father’s love.

―I am very happy tonight, dear father. I am deeply happy in the love that Heaven has so blessed my love for Charles, and Charles’s love for me. But, if my life were not to be still consecrated to you, or if my marriage were so arranged as that it would part us, even by the length of a few of these streets, I should be more unhappy and self- reproachful now than I can tell you. Even as it is.‖

Doctor Manette wanted to see his daughter owning a happy life.

―He gave his arm to his daughter, and took her down-stairs to the chariot which Mr. Lorry

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